Blennow, K; Brody, D L; Kochanek, P M; Levin, H; McKee, A; Ribbers, G M; Yaffe, K; Zetterberg, H
Traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: Nature Reviews Disease Primers, vol. 2, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: amyloid beta protein, Article, axonal injury, biological marker, BIOPHYSICS, blood, brain, BRAIN damage, cerebrospinal fluid, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, computer assisted tomography, disease severity, endocrine disease, heredity, human, molecular pathology, neuropathology, nonhuman, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, positron emission tomography, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, protein aggregation, quality of life, screening, tau protein, traumatic brain injury
@article{Blennow2016,
title = {Traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Blennow, K and Brody, D L and Kochanek, P M and Levin, H and McKee, A and Ribbers, G M and Yaffe, K and Zetterberg, H},
doi = {10.1038/nrdp.2016.84},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Reviews Disease Primers},
volume = {2},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are clinically grouped by severity: mild, moderate and severe. Mild TBI (the least severe form) is synonymous with concussion and is typically caused by blunt non-penetrating head trauma. The trauma causes stretching and tearing of axons, which leads to diffuse axonal injury-the best-studied pathogenetic mechanism of this disorder. However, mild TBI is defined on clinical grounds and no well-validated imaging or fluid biomarkers to determine the presence of neuronal damage in patients with mild TBI is available. Most patients with mild TBI will recover quickly, but others report persistent symptoms, called post-concussive syndrome, the underlying pathophysiology of which is largely unknown. Repeated concussive and subconcussive head injuries have been linked to the neurodegenerative condition chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which has been reported post-mortem in contact sports athletes and soldiers exposed to blasts. Insights from severe injuries and CTE plausibly shed light on the underlying cellular and molecular processes involved in mild TBI. MRI techniques and blood tests for axonal proteins to identify and grade axonal injury, in addition to PET for tau pathology, show promise as tools to explore CTE pathophysiology in longitudinal clinical studies, and might be developed into diagnostic tools for CTE. Given that CTE is attributed to repeated head trauma, prevention might be possible through rule changes by sports organizations and legislators. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature.},
keywords = {amyloid beta protein, Article, axonal injury, biological marker, BIOPHYSICS, blood, brain, BRAIN damage, cerebrospinal fluid, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, computer assisted tomography, disease severity, endocrine disease, heredity, human, molecular pathology, neuropathology, nonhuman, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, positron emission tomography, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, protein aggregation, quality of life, screening, tau protein, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Holtkamp, M D; Grimes, J; Ling, G
Concussion in the Military: an Evidence-Base Review of mTBI in US Military Personnel Focused on Posttraumatic Headache Journal Article
In: Current Pain & Headache Reports, vol. 20, no. 6, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: apolipoprotein E4, assessment, biological marker, botulinum toxin, brain concussion, calcitonin gene related peptide receptor antagonis, comorbidity, Concussion, depression, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, disease course, genetic polymorphism, genetic predisposition, glial fibrillary acidic protein, headache, Headache disorder, human, MANAGEMENT, migraine, Military personnel, mTBI, neuroimaging, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, posttraumatic headache, posttraumatic stress disorder, Prognosis, Review, serotonin 1 agonist, serotonin 1F agonist, soldier, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, tricyclic antidepressant agent, triptan derivative, unclassified drug, UNITED States
@article{Holtkamp2016,
title = {Concussion in the Military: an Evidence-Base Review of mTBI in US Military Personnel Focused on Posttraumatic Headache},
author = {Holtkamp, M D and Grimes, J and Ling, G},
doi = {10.1007/s11916-016-0572-x},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Pain \& Headache Reports},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an alteration in brain function caused by an external force. Mild TBI or concussion is now well recognized to be a risk of military service as well as participation in athletic sports such as football. Posttraumatic headache (PTH) is the most common symptom after mTBI in US service members. PTH most commonly presents with migraine-like headache features. The following is an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical course, prognosis, complications, and treatment of mTBI and associated comorbidities with a focus on PTH. There is a particular emphasis on emerging evidence-based clinical practice. One important medical consequence of the recognition that mTBI is a highly prevalent among military service members is that the Department of Defense (DoD) is dedicating significant financial and intellectual resources to better understanding and developing treatments for TBI. The identification of the importance of TBI among the US military population has had the added benefit of increasing awareness of this condition among civilian populations, particularly those engaged in both professional and youth sports. The NIH and NSF are also supporting important TBI research. President Obama’s Brain Initiative is also providing additional impetus for these efforts. Unfortunately, the understanding of the acute and chronic effects of mTBI on the brain remains limited. Gratefully, there is hope that through innovative research, there will be advances in elucidating the underlying pathophysiology, which will lead to clinical and prognostic indicators, ultimately resulting in new treatment options for this very complicated set of disorders. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York (outside the USA).},
keywords = {apolipoprotein E4, assessment, biological marker, botulinum toxin, brain concussion, calcitonin gene related peptide receptor antagonis, comorbidity, Concussion, depression, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, disease course, genetic polymorphism, genetic predisposition, glial fibrillary acidic protein, headache, Headache disorder, human, MANAGEMENT, migraine, Military personnel, mTBI, neuroimaging, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, posttraumatic headache, posttraumatic stress disorder, Prognosis, Review, serotonin 1 agonist, serotonin 1F agonist, soldier, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, tricyclic antidepressant agent, triptan derivative, unclassified drug, UNITED States},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Choe, M C
The Pathophysiology of Concussion Journal Article
In: Current Pain & Headache Reports, vol. 20, no. 6, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, diffuse axonal injury, Pathophysiology
@article{Choe2016b,
title = {The Pathophysiology of Concussion},
author = {Choe, M C},
doi = {10.1007/s11916-016-0573-9},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Pain \& Headache Reports},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
abstract = {Concussion is a significant issue in medicine and the media today. With growing interest on the long-term effects of sports participation, it is important to understand what occurs in the brain after an impact of any degree. While some of the basic pathophysiology has been elucidated, much is still unknown about what happens in the brain after traumatic brain injury, particularly with milder injuries where no damage can be seen at the structural level on standard neuroimaging. Understanding the chain of events from a cellular level using studies investigating more severe injuries can help to drive research efforts in understanding the symptomatology that is seen in the acute phase after concussion, as well as point to mechanisms that may underlie persistent post-concussive symptoms. This review discusses the basic neuropathology that occurs after traumatic brain injury at the cellular level. We also present the pathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and its similarities to other neurodegenerative diseases. We conclude with recent imaging and biomarker findings looking at changes that may occur after repeated subconcussive blows, which may help to guide efforts in understanding if cumulative subconcussive mechanical forces upon the brain are detrimental in the long term or if concussive symptoms mark the threshold for brain injury. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.},
keywords = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, diffuse axonal injury, Pathophysiology},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keener, A B
Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma Journal Article
In: Nature Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 326–329, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling
@article{Keener2016,
title = {Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma},
author = {Keener, A B},
doi = {10.1038/nm0416-326},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {326--329},
keywords = {amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Leddy, J J; Baker, J G; Willer, B
Active Rehabilitation of Concussion and Post-concussion Syndrome Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 437–454, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Active, aerobic exercise, athlete, autonomic dysfunction, brain blood flow, Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test, cognition, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive rehabilitation, Concussion, DISEASE exacerbation, disease severity, exercise tolerance, functional assessment, functional magnetic resonance imaging, head injury, human, motor dysfunction, nerve cell plasticity, nonhuman, ocular motor dysfunction, ocular therapy, oculomotor training therapy, Pathophysiology, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, Physical Examination, PHYSIOLOGY, physiotherapy, post concussion syndrome, Post-Concussion Syndrome, priority journal, Psychoeducation, psychologic assessment, Rehabilitation, rehabilitation care, rest, Review, Social behavior, social psychology, sport related concussion, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, treatment contraindication, vestibular disorder, Vestibular therapy
@article{Leddy2016a,
title = {Active Rehabilitation of Concussion and Post-concussion Syndrome},
author = {Leddy, J J and Baker, J G and Willer, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2015.12.003},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {437--454},
keywords = {Active, aerobic exercise, athlete, autonomic dysfunction, brain blood flow, Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test, cognition, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive rehabilitation, Concussion, DISEASE exacerbation, disease severity, exercise tolerance, functional assessment, functional magnetic resonance imaging, head injury, human, motor dysfunction, nerve cell plasticity, nonhuman, ocular motor dysfunction, ocular therapy, oculomotor training therapy, Pathophysiology, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, Physical Examination, PHYSIOLOGY, physiotherapy, post concussion syndrome, Post-Concussion Syndrome, priority journal, Psychoeducation, psychologic assessment, Rehabilitation, rehabilitation care, rest, Review, Social behavior, social psychology, sport related concussion, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, treatment contraindication, vestibular disorder, Vestibular therapy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Beiske, K K; Kostov, K H; Kostov, H
Rhythmic midtemporal discharge in a youth during light sleep Journal Article
In: Neurodiagnostic Journal, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 32–36, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Article, Automobile Driving, Benign EEG pattern, car driving, case report, case reports, complication, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, Craniocerebral Trauma, drowsiness, EEG pattern, electroencephalogram, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, epileptic discharge, febrile convulsion, football, Functional Laterality, head injury, hemispheric dominance, human, Humans, hyperventilation, Injuries, Light sleep, Male, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, Patient treatment, Rhythmic midtemporal discharge, RMTD, SLEEP, Sleep research, spike wave, temporal lobe, temporal lobe epilepsy, theta rhythm, tonic clonic seizure, unconsciousness, wakefulness
@article{Beiske2016,
title = {Rhythmic midtemporal discharge in a youth during light sleep},
author = {Beiske, K K and Kostov, K H and Kostov, H},
doi = {10.1080/21646821.2015.1119579},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neurodiagnostic Journal},
volume = {56},
number = {1},
pages = {32--36},
abstract = {Rhythmic midtemporal discharge (RMTD) is a rare, benign EEG pattern that may have epileptic morphology. Recognizing variations of RMTD is important in order to avoid over- or misinterpretation of EEG findings, which may lead to inappropriate treatment and negative consequences for the patient in question. We present a case report of RTMDs during light sleep where initial erroneous description necessitated repeat EEGs and additional diagnostic exams and led to the postponement of obtaining a drivers licence for this young patient. Copyright © ASET - The Neurodiagnostic Society.},
keywords = {Adolescent, Article, Automobile Driving, Benign EEG pattern, car driving, case report, case reports, complication, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, Craniocerebral Trauma, drowsiness, EEG pattern, electroencephalogram, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, epileptic discharge, febrile convulsion, football, Functional Laterality, head injury, hemispheric dominance, human, Humans, hyperventilation, Injuries, Light sleep, Male, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, Patient treatment, Rhythmic midtemporal discharge, RMTD, SLEEP, Sleep research, spike wave, temporal lobe, temporal lobe epilepsy, theta rhythm, tonic clonic seizure, unconsciousness, wakefulness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Edlow, B L; Hinson, H E
Blowing the whistle on sports concussions Journal Article
In: Neurology, vol. 85, no. 17, pp. 1442–1443, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling
@article{Edlow2015,
title = {Blowing the whistle on sports concussions},
author = {Edlow, B L and Hinson, H E},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000001902},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {85},
number = {17},
pages = {1442--1443},
abstract = {On March 13, 2015, Chris Borland, a star rookie linebacker on the San Francisco 49ers, announced his early retirement from professional football, citing concerns about chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Borland, who had a history of 2 diagnosed concussions, walked away from a multi-million-dollar contract and potential sports superstardom, explaining that "from what I've researched and what I've experienced, I don't think it's worth the risk." 1 Perhaps just as surprising as Borland's announcement was the support he received from teammates and other athletes-support that reflects a growing recognition in the athletic community that repetitive head trauma may be associated with CTE and other forms of dementia. 2 Indeed, in a recent legal settlement, the National Football League estimated that approximately 30% of its former players will develop dementia. At the high school and college levels, state legislatures and universities have enacted limits to the number of full-contact practices, citing similar concerns about concussions. These developments have prompted a societal conversation about the risks of contact sports. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moran, B; Tadikonda, P; Sneed, K B; Hummel, M; Guiteau, S; Coris, E E
Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians Journal Article
In: Southern Medical Journal, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 553–558, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption
@article{Moran2015,
title = {Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians},
author = {Moran, B and Tadikonda, P and Sneed, K B and Hummel, M and Guiteau, S and Coris, E E},
doi = {10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
volume = {108},
number = {9},
pages = {553--558},
abstract = {Postconcussive syndrome is an increasingly recognized outcome of sports-related concussion (SRC), characterized by a constellation of poorly defined symptoms. Treatment of PCS is significantly different from that of SRC alone. Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate these patients, but some are unfamiliar with the available therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SRC and descriptions of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to allow primary care physicians to provide evidence-based care to patients experiencing postconcussive syndrome. © 2015 by The Southern Medical Association.},
keywords = {alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
De Matteo, C; Volterman, K A; Breithaupt, P G; Claridge, E A; Adamich, J; Timmons, B W
Exertion testing in youth with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 2283–2290, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adolescents, brain concussion, Child, children, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, exercise, exercise test, exercise tolerance, Female, head injury, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, Physical Exertion, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Return to Play, return to sport, time factor, Time Factors
@article{DeMatteo2015,
title = {Exertion testing in youth with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion},
author = {{De Matteo}, C and Volterman, K A and Breithaupt, P G and Claridge, E A and Adamich, J and Timmons, B W},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000000682},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {47},
number = {11},
pages = {2283--2290},
abstract = {Purpose The decision regarding return to activity (RTA) after mild traumatic brain injuries/concussion is one of the most difficult and controversial areas in concussion management, particularly for youth. This study investigated how youth with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) are affected by exertion and whether standardized exertion testing using the McMaster All-Out Progressive Continuous Cycling Test can contribute to clinical decision making for safe RTA. Methods Fifty-four youth (8.5-18.3 yr) with a previously confirmed concussion participated in the study. Each participant performed exertion testing on a cycle ergometer and completed a Postconcussion Symptom scale at the following time points: before exertion (baseline), 5 and 30 min, and 24 h after exertion. A modified Postconcussion Symptom scale was administered at 2-min intervals during exertion. Results Participants had a mean ± SD symptom duration of 6.3 ± 6.9 months after the most recent concussive injury, with a median of 4.1 months (range, 0.7-35 months). Sixty-three percent of participants had symptoms during exertion testing. Symptom profile (number and severity) significantly affected perception of exertion at 50% peak mechanical power. During acute assessment of symptoms (30-min after exertion), headache (P = 0.39), nausea (P = 0.63), and dizziness (P = 0.35) did not change. However, both the number and severity of symptoms significantly improved over 24 h, with 56.8% of youth showing improvements. The time from the most recent injury had a significant effect on the symptom score at baseline, 30 min after exertion, and 24 h after exertion. Conclusions Exertion testing has an important role in the evaluation of symptoms and readiness to RTA, particularly in youth who are slow to recover. Overall, controlled exertion seemed to lesson symptoms for most youth. © 2015 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adolescents, brain concussion, Child, children, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, exercise, exercise test, exercise tolerance, Female, head injury, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, Physical Exertion, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Return to Play, return to sport, time factor, Time Factors},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexander, D G; Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B; Kidd, M; Malcolm, C M
Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1113–1125, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome
@article{Alexander2015,
title = {Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes},
author = {Alexander, D G and Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B and Kidd, M and Malcolm, C M},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1031699},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1113--1125},
abstract = {Background: Information is scant concerning enduring brain injury effects of participation in the contact sport of Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) on early adolescents.Objective: The objective was prospectively to investigate differences between young adolescent male rugby players and non-contact sports controls on neurocognitive test performance over 3 years and academic achievement over 6 years.Method: A sample of boys from the same school and grade was divided into three groups: rugby with seasonal concussions (n = 45), rugby no seasonal concussions (n = 21) and non-contact sports controls (n = 30). Baseline neurocognitive testing was conducted pre-season in Grade 7 and post-season in Grades 8 and 9. Year-end academic grades were documented for Grades 6-9 and 12 (pre-high school to year of school leaving). A mixed model repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to investigate comparative neurocognitive and academic outcomes between the three sub-groups.Results: Compared with controls, both rugby groups were significantly lower on the WISC-III Coding Immediate Recall sub-test. There was a significant interaction effect on the academic measure, with improved scores over time for controls, that was not in evidence for either rugby group.Conclusions: Tentatively, the outcome suggests cognitive vulnerability in association with school level participation in rugby. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Andelinović, M; Titlić, M; Andelinović, D
Functional Changes of P300 Values among Young Football Players as a Measure of a Cognitive Function Journal Article
In: Collegium antropologicum, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 641–645, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, brain concussion, cognition, Craniocerebral Trauma, event related potential, Event-Related Potentials, Evoked Potentials, evoked response, head injury, human, Humans, Male, P300, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, psychology, reaction time, Soccer
@article{Andelinovic2015,
title = {Functional Changes of P300 Values among Young Football Players as a Measure of a Cognitive Function},
author = {Andelinovi\'{c}, M and Titli\'{c}, M and Andelinovi\'{c}, D},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Collegium antropologicum},
volume = {39},
number = {3},
pages = {641--645},
abstract = {Numerous studies have shown that evaluation of evoked potentials (EP) is an excellent estimation tool for a cognitive function. During daily practices footballers are exposed to headers that can leave mild head traumas. In this study, young footballers were examined, while the control group included their coevals who don't practice contact sports. Results of the study have shown that footballers have longer latency value of the P300 wave when target stimulus is presented on N1, N2 and P3, but not on P2. Also, they have longer latency values when non-target stimulus is presented. Amplitude values of target stimulus are not different, but footballers have lower amplitudes of non-target stimulus. This study suggests that EP evaluation method can be used to detect first and mild changes of the brain function.},
keywords = {Adolescent, brain concussion, cognition, Craniocerebral Trauma, event related potential, Event-Related Potentials, Evoked Potentials, evoked response, head injury, human, Humans, Male, P300, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, psychology, reaction time, Soccer},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dessy, A M; Rasouli, J; Choudhri, T F
Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery Quarterly, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 423–426, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury
@article{Dessy2015,
title = {Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries},
author = {Dessy, A M and Rasouli, J and Choudhri, T F},
doi = {10.1097/WNQ.0000000000000085},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery Quarterly},
volume = {25},
number = {3},
pages = {423--426},
abstract = {Sports-related concussion has been viewed as a developing public health crisis in recent years. Underrecognition of concussions can lead to premature clearance for athletic participation. Second impact syndrome (SIS) represents a rare, yet devastating, potential outcome of premature return to play. SIS is a condition in which rapid brain swelling occurs as a result of a repeat head injury sustained before symptoms of a previous head injury have resolved. Within minutes of the second impact, diffuse cerebral swelling, brain herniation, and death can occur. There are \<20 documented cases of SIS in the world literature to date, and the general understanding of the syndrome is based largely on interpretation of anecdotal cases. This article reviews current understanding of the epidemiology and pathology of SIS. Given neurosurgeons' role in management of head trauma, it is essential that neurosurgeons acquire and maintain thorough knowledge of concussion diagnosis, treatment, and management. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sikoglu, E M; Liso Navarro, A A; Czerniak, S M; McCafferty, J; Eisenstock, J; Stevenson, J H; King, J A; Moore, C M
Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Journal Article
In: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 181–187, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult
@article{Sikoglu2015,
title = {Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study},
author = {Sikoglu, E M and {Liso Navarro}, A A and Czerniak, S M and McCafferty, J and Eisenstock, J and Stevenson, J H and King, J A and Moore, C M},
doi = {10.1097/WNN.0000000000000076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {181--187},
abstract = {Background: Although clinical evaluations and neurocognitive assessments are commonly used to evaluate the extent of and recovery from concussion, brain bioenergetics could provide a more quantitative marker. The neurometabolic response to a concussion is thought to increase neuronal energy consumption and thus the demand for nucleoside triphosphate (NTP). Objective: We investigated the possible disruption in high-energy metabolism within the prefrontal cortex of college athletes who had either had a concussion within the past 6 months (n=14) or had never had a concussion (n=13). We hypothesized that concussed athletes would have imbalanced brain bioenergetics resulting from increased NTP consumption, and these biochemical changes would correspond to impaired cognitive abilities. Methods: We used phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify high-energy phosphates. We performed the neuroimaging in conjunction with neurocognitive assessments targeting prefrontal cortex-mediated tasks. Results: Our results revealed significantly lower $gamma$-NTP levels in the athletes after concussion. Although the concussed and non-concussed participants performed similarly in neurocognitive assessments, lower levels of $gamma$-NTP were associated with worse scores on neurocognitive tasks. Conclusions: Our results support the concept of increased energy demand in the prefrontal cortex of a concussed brain, and we found that while neurocognitive assessments appear normal, brain energetics may be abnormal. A longitudinal study could help establish brain NTP levels as a biomarker to aid in diagnosis and to assess recovery in concussed patients. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bondi, C O; Semple, B D; Noble-Haeusslein, L J; Osier, N D; Carlson, S W; Dixon, C E; Giza, C C; Kline, A E
Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, vol. 58, pp. 123–146, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 8 hydroxy 2 propylaminotetralin, Aggression, Attentional set-shifting test (AST), buspirone, Closed head injury, cognition, cognitive defect, cognitive function test, Concussion, conditioning, Controlled cortical impact (CCI), environmental enrichment, Environmental enrichment (EE), executive function, experimental disease, fear, Fluid percussion (FP), human, interpersonal communication, Memory, motor function test, nerve degeneration, neuropsychological test, Neurorehabilitation, nonhuman, outcome assessment, Pathophysiology, pediatrics, priority journal, rehabilitation care, Review, rodent, rotarod test, sensorimotor function, Social behavior, social disability, social interaction, spatial learning, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury
@article{Bondi2015,
title = {Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury},
author = {Bondi, C O and Semple, B D and Noble-Haeusslein, L J and Osier, N D and Carlson, S W and Dixon, C E and Giza, C C and Kline, A E},
doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.004},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews},
volume = {58},
pages = {123--146},
abstract = {The aim of this review is to discuss in greater detail the topics covered in the recent symposium entitled "Traumatic brain injury: laboratory and clinical perspectives," presented at the 2014 International Behavioral Neuroscience Society annual meeting. Herein, we review contemporary laboratory models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) including common assays for sensorimotor and cognitive behavior. New modalities to evaluate social behavior after injury to the developing brain, as well as the attentional set-shifting test (AST) as a measure of executive function in TBI, will be highlighted. Environmental enrichment (EE) will be discussed as a preclinical model of neurorehabilitation, and finally, an evidence-based approach to sports-related concussion will be considered. The review consists predominantly of published data, but some discussion of ongoing or future directions is provided. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.},
keywords = {8 hydroxy 2 propylaminotetralin, Aggression, Attentional set-shifting test (AST), buspirone, Closed head injury, cognition, cognitive defect, cognitive function test, Concussion, conditioning, Controlled cortical impact (CCI), environmental enrichment, Environmental enrichment (EE), executive function, experimental disease, fear, Fluid percussion (FP), human, interpersonal communication, Memory, motor function test, nerve degeneration, neuropsychological test, Neurorehabilitation, nonhuman, outcome assessment, Pathophysiology, pediatrics, priority journal, rehabilitation care, Review, rodent, rotarod test, sensorimotor function, Social behavior, social disability, social interaction, spatial learning, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Levin, B; Bhardwaj, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal Journal Article
In: Neurocritical Care, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 334–344, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence
@article{Levin2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal},
author = {Levin, B and Bhardwaj, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896549537\&partnerID=40\&md5=138104db42f7ca99527a78bb9c821f59},
doi = {10.1007/s12028-013-9931-1},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Neurocritical Care},
volume = {20},
number = {2},
pages = {334--344},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) formerly known as dementia pugilistica is a long-term neurodegenerative disorder associated with repeated subconcussive head injuries in high-contact sports. We reviewed the existing literature on CTE and examined epidemiological trends, risk factors, and its temporal progression, and proposed the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that may provide unique insights to clinicians with an in-depth understanding of the disease to aid in the diagnosis and prevention, and provide future perspectives for research via search of Medline and Cochrane databases as well as manual review of bibliographies from selected articles and monographs. The prevalence of CTE in recent years is on the rise and almost exclusively affects men, with pathologic signs characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral changes, and violent tendencies with some patients demonstrating Parkinsonian-like symptoms and signs. Many patients with CTE die following suicide, accident, or complications of drug or alcohol use. Postmortem pathologic analysis is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and A$beta$ plaques in 50 % of cases. Currently, there are no ante-mortem diagnostic criteria, but modern imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tension imaging hold promise for delineating the future diagnostic criteria. Further long-term longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate risk factors that will enhance understanding of the disease progression and its pathogenesis. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media.},
keywords = {accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Jordan, B D
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae Journal Article
In: CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology, vol. 20, pp. 1588–1604, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury
@article{Jordan2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae},
author = {Jordan, B D},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84927562326\&partnerID=40\&md5=da8cab7e63cee5fa58ae148fa7de9dec},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology},
volume = {20},
pages = {1588--1604},
abstract = {Purpose of Review: Growing public health concern exists over the incidence of chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) in athletes participating in contact sports. Chronic TBI represents a spectrum of disorders associated with long-term consequences of single or repetitive TBI and includes chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologists should be familiar with the different types of chronic TBI and their diagnostic criteria. Recent Findings: CTE is the most severe chronic TBI and represents the neurologic consequences of repetitive mild TBI. It is particularly noted among boxers and football players. CTE presents with behavioral, cognitive, and motor symptoms, and can only be definitively diagnosed postmortem. Chronic postconcussion syndrome is defined as postconcussion symptoms that last longer than 1 year and do not appear to resolve; it may develop after a single concussive event. Chronic neurocognitive impairment is an all-encompassing clinical term denoting long-term neurologic sequelae secondary to sports-related trauma and can present either within the postconcussion syndrome or years after a symptom-free interval. Summary: This article discusses the diagnostic evaluation of chronic TBI, including clinical history, neurologic examination, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and laboratory testing, as well as the distinctions between CTE, chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologic impairment among athletes exposed to repetitive brain injury appears to be a real phenomenon. Because CTE has no established treatment, prevention is of paramount importance for athletes participating in contact sports. © 2014, American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Blennow, K; Brody, D L; Kochanek, P M; Levin, H; McKee, A; Ribbers, G M; Yaffe, K; Zetterberg, H
Traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: Nature Reviews Disease Primers, vol. 2, 2016.
@article{Blennow2016,
title = {Traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Blennow, K and Brody, D L and Kochanek, P M and Levin, H and McKee, A and Ribbers, G M and Yaffe, K and Zetterberg, H},
doi = {10.1038/nrdp.2016.84},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Reviews Disease Primers},
volume = {2},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are clinically grouped by severity: mild, moderate and severe. Mild TBI (the least severe form) is synonymous with concussion and is typically caused by blunt non-penetrating head trauma. The trauma causes stretching and tearing of axons, which leads to diffuse axonal injury-the best-studied pathogenetic mechanism of this disorder. However, mild TBI is defined on clinical grounds and no well-validated imaging or fluid biomarkers to determine the presence of neuronal damage in patients with mild TBI is available. Most patients with mild TBI will recover quickly, but others report persistent symptoms, called post-concussive syndrome, the underlying pathophysiology of which is largely unknown. Repeated concussive and subconcussive head injuries have been linked to the neurodegenerative condition chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which has been reported post-mortem in contact sports athletes and soldiers exposed to blasts. Insights from severe injuries and CTE plausibly shed light on the underlying cellular and molecular processes involved in mild TBI. MRI techniques and blood tests for axonal proteins to identify and grade axonal injury, in addition to PET for tau pathology, show promise as tools to explore CTE pathophysiology in longitudinal clinical studies, and might be developed into diagnostic tools for CTE. Given that CTE is attributed to repeated head trauma, prevention might be possible through rule changes by sports organizations and legislators. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Holtkamp, M D; Grimes, J; Ling, G
Concussion in the Military: an Evidence-Base Review of mTBI in US Military Personnel Focused on Posttraumatic Headache Journal Article
In: Current Pain & Headache Reports, vol. 20, no. 6, 2016.
@article{Holtkamp2016,
title = {Concussion in the Military: an Evidence-Base Review of mTBI in US Military Personnel Focused on Posttraumatic Headache},
author = {Holtkamp, M D and Grimes, J and Ling, G},
doi = {10.1007/s11916-016-0572-x},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Pain \& Headache Reports},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an alteration in brain function caused by an external force. Mild TBI or concussion is now well recognized to be a risk of military service as well as participation in athletic sports such as football. Posttraumatic headache (PTH) is the most common symptom after mTBI in US service members. PTH most commonly presents with migraine-like headache features. The following is an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical course, prognosis, complications, and treatment of mTBI and associated comorbidities with a focus on PTH. There is a particular emphasis on emerging evidence-based clinical practice. One important medical consequence of the recognition that mTBI is a highly prevalent among military service members is that the Department of Defense (DoD) is dedicating significant financial and intellectual resources to better understanding and developing treatments for TBI. The identification of the importance of TBI among the US military population has had the added benefit of increasing awareness of this condition among civilian populations, particularly those engaged in both professional and youth sports. The NIH and NSF are also supporting important TBI research. President Obama’s Brain Initiative is also providing additional impetus for these efforts. Unfortunately, the understanding of the acute and chronic effects of mTBI on the brain remains limited. Gratefully, there is hope that through innovative research, there will be advances in elucidating the underlying pathophysiology, which will lead to clinical and prognostic indicators, ultimately resulting in new treatment options for this very complicated set of disorders. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York (outside the USA).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Choe, M C
The Pathophysiology of Concussion Journal Article
In: Current Pain & Headache Reports, vol. 20, no. 6, 2016.
@article{Choe2016b,
title = {The Pathophysiology of Concussion},
author = {Choe, M C},
doi = {10.1007/s11916-016-0573-9},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Pain \& Headache Reports},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
abstract = {Concussion is a significant issue in medicine and the media today. With growing interest on the long-term effects of sports participation, it is important to understand what occurs in the brain after an impact of any degree. While some of the basic pathophysiology has been elucidated, much is still unknown about what happens in the brain after traumatic brain injury, particularly with milder injuries where no damage can be seen at the structural level on standard neuroimaging. Understanding the chain of events from a cellular level using studies investigating more severe injuries can help to drive research efforts in understanding the symptomatology that is seen in the acute phase after concussion, as well as point to mechanisms that may underlie persistent post-concussive symptoms. This review discusses the basic neuropathology that occurs after traumatic brain injury at the cellular level. We also present the pathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and its similarities to other neurodegenerative diseases. We conclude with recent imaging and biomarker findings looking at changes that may occur after repeated subconcussive blows, which may help to guide efforts in understanding if cumulative subconcussive mechanical forces upon the brain are detrimental in the long term or if concussive symptoms mark the threshold for brain injury. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keener, A B
Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma Journal Article
In: Nature Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 326–329, 2016.
@article{Keener2016,
title = {Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma},
author = {Keener, A B},
doi = {10.1038/nm0416-326},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {326--329},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Leddy, J J; Baker, J G; Willer, B
Active Rehabilitation of Concussion and Post-concussion Syndrome Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 437–454, 2016.
@article{Leddy2016a,
title = {Active Rehabilitation of Concussion and Post-concussion Syndrome},
author = {Leddy, J J and Baker, J G and Willer, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2015.12.003},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {437--454},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Beiske, K K; Kostov, K H; Kostov, H
Rhythmic midtemporal discharge in a youth during light sleep Journal Article
In: Neurodiagnostic Journal, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 32–36, 2016.
@article{Beiske2016,
title = {Rhythmic midtemporal discharge in a youth during light sleep},
author = {Beiske, K K and Kostov, K H and Kostov, H},
doi = {10.1080/21646821.2015.1119579},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neurodiagnostic Journal},
volume = {56},
number = {1},
pages = {32--36},
abstract = {Rhythmic midtemporal discharge (RMTD) is a rare, benign EEG pattern that may have epileptic morphology. Recognizing variations of RMTD is important in order to avoid over- or misinterpretation of EEG findings, which may lead to inappropriate treatment and negative consequences for the patient in question. We present a case report of RTMDs during light sleep where initial erroneous description necessitated repeat EEGs and additional diagnostic exams and led to the postponement of obtaining a drivers licence for this young patient. Copyright © ASET - The Neurodiagnostic Society.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Edlow, B L; Hinson, H E
Blowing the whistle on sports concussions Journal Article
In: Neurology, vol. 85, no. 17, pp. 1442–1443, 2015.
@article{Edlow2015,
title = {Blowing the whistle on sports concussions},
author = {Edlow, B L and Hinson, H E},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000001902},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {85},
number = {17},
pages = {1442--1443},
abstract = {On March 13, 2015, Chris Borland, a star rookie linebacker on the San Francisco 49ers, announced his early retirement from professional football, citing concerns about chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Borland, who had a history of 2 diagnosed concussions, walked away from a multi-million-dollar contract and potential sports superstardom, explaining that "from what I've researched and what I've experienced, I don't think it's worth the risk." 1 Perhaps just as surprising as Borland's announcement was the support he received from teammates and other athletes-support that reflects a growing recognition in the athletic community that repetitive head trauma may be associated with CTE and other forms of dementia. 2 Indeed, in a recent legal settlement, the National Football League estimated that approximately 30% of its former players will develop dementia. At the high school and college levels, state legislatures and universities have enacted limits to the number of full-contact practices, citing similar concerns about concussions. These developments have prompted a societal conversation about the risks of contact sports. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moran, B; Tadikonda, P; Sneed, K B; Hummel, M; Guiteau, S; Coris, E E
Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians Journal Article
In: Southern Medical Journal, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 553–558, 2015.
@article{Moran2015,
title = {Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians},
author = {Moran, B and Tadikonda, P and Sneed, K B and Hummel, M and Guiteau, S and Coris, E E},
doi = {10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
volume = {108},
number = {9},
pages = {553--558},
abstract = {Postconcussive syndrome is an increasingly recognized outcome of sports-related concussion (SRC), characterized by a constellation of poorly defined symptoms. Treatment of PCS is significantly different from that of SRC alone. Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate these patients, but some are unfamiliar with the available therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SRC and descriptions of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to allow primary care physicians to provide evidence-based care to patients experiencing postconcussive syndrome. © 2015 by The Southern Medical Association.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
De Matteo, C; Volterman, K A; Breithaupt, P G; Claridge, E A; Adamich, J; Timmons, B W
Exertion testing in youth with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 2283–2290, 2015.
@article{DeMatteo2015,
title = {Exertion testing in youth with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion},
author = {{De Matteo}, C and Volterman, K A and Breithaupt, P G and Claridge, E A and Adamich, J and Timmons, B W},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000000682},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {47},
number = {11},
pages = {2283--2290},
abstract = {Purpose The decision regarding return to activity (RTA) after mild traumatic brain injuries/concussion is one of the most difficult and controversial areas in concussion management, particularly for youth. This study investigated how youth with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) are affected by exertion and whether standardized exertion testing using the McMaster All-Out Progressive Continuous Cycling Test can contribute to clinical decision making for safe RTA. Methods Fifty-four youth (8.5-18.3 yr) with a previously confirmed concussion participated in the study. Each participant performed exertion testing on a cycle ergometer and completed a Postconcussion Symptom scale at the following time points: before exertion (baseline), 5 and 30 min, and 24 h after exertion. A modified Postconcussion Symptom scale was administered at 2-min intervals during exertion. Results Participants had a mean ± SD symptom duration of 6.3 ± 6.9 months after the most recent concussive injury, with a median of 4.1 months (range, 0.7-35 months). Sixty-three percent of participants had symptoms during exertion testing. Symptom profile (number and severity) significantly affected perception of exertion at 50% peak mechanical power. During acute assessment of symptoms (30-min after exertion), headache (P = 0.39), nausea (P = 0.63), and dizziness (P = 0.35) did not change. However, both the number and severity of symptoms significantly improved over 24 h, with 56.8% of youth showing improvements. The time from the most recent injury had a significant effect on the symptom score at baseline, 30 min after exertion, and 24 h after exertion. Conclusions Exertion testing has an important role in the evaluation of symptoms and readiness to RTA, particularly in youth who are slow to recover. Overall, controlled exertion seemed to lesson symptoms for most youth. © 2015 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexander, D G; Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B; Kidd, M; Malcolm, C M
Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1113–1125, 2015.
@article{Alexander2015,
title = {Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes},
author = {Alexander, D G and Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B and Kidd, M and Malcolm, C M},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1031699},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1113--1125},
abstract = {Background: Information is scant concerning enduring brain injury effects of participation in the contact sport of Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) on early adolescents.Objective: The objective was prospectively to investigate differences between young adolescent male rugby players and non-contact sports controls on neurocognitive test performance over 3 years and academic achievement over 6 years.Method: A sample of boys from the same school and grade was divided into three groups: rugby with seasonal concussions (n = 45), rugby no seasonal concussions (n = 21) and non-contact sports controls (n = 30). Baseline neurocognitive testing was conducted pre-season in Grade 7 and post-season in Grades 8 and 9. Year-end academic grades were documented for Grades 6-9 and 12 (pre-high school to year of school leaving). A mixed model repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to investigate comparative neurocognitive and academic outcomes between the three sub-groups.Results: Compared with controls, both rugby groups were significantly lower on the WISC-III Coding Immediate Recall sub-test. There was a significant interaction effect on the academic measure, with improved scores over time for controls, that was not in evidence for either rugby group.Conclusions: Tentatively, the outcome suggests cognitive vulnerability in association with school level participation in rugby. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Andelinović, M; Titlić, M; Andelinović, D
Functional Changes of P300 Values among Young Football Players as a Measure of a Cognitive Function Journal Article
In: Collegium antropologicum, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 641–645, 2015.
@article{Andelinovic2015,
title = {Functional Changes of P300 Values among Young Football Players as a Measure of a Cognitive Function},
author = {Andelinovi\'{c}, M and Titli\'{c}, M and Andelinovi\'{c}, D},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Collegium antropologicum},
volume = {39},
number = {3},
pages = {641--645},
abstract = {Numerous studies have shown that evaluation of evoked potentials (EP) is an excellent estimation tool for a cognitive function. During daily practices footballers are exposed to headers that can leave mild head traumas. In this study, young footballers were examined, while the control group included their coevals who don't practice contact sports. Results of the study have shown that footballers have longer latency value of the P300 wave when target stimulus is presented on N1, N2 and P3, but not on P2. Also, they have longer latency values when non-target stimulus is presented. Amplitude values of target stimulus are not different, but footballers have lower amplitudes of non-target stimulus. This study suggests that EP evaluation method can be used to detect first and mild changes of the brain function.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dessy, A M; Rasouli, J; Choudhri, T F
Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery Quarterly, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 423–426, 2015.
@article{Dessy2015,
title = {Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries},
author = {Dessy, A M and Rasouli, J and Choudhri, T F},
doi = {10.1097/WNQ.0000000000000085},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery Quarterly},
volume = {25},
number = {3},
pages = {423--426},
abstract = {Sports-related concussion has been viewed as a developing public health crisis in recent years. Underrecognition of concussions can lead to premature clearance for athletic participation. Second impact syndrome (SIS) represents a rare, yet devastating, potential outcome of premature return to play. SIS is a condition in which rapid brain swelling occurs as a result of a repeat head injury sustained before symptoms of a previous head injury have resolved. Within minutes of the second impact, diffuse cerebral swelling, brain herniation, and death can occur. There are \<20 documented cases of SIS in the world literature to date, and the general understanding of the syndrome is based largely on interpretation of anecdotal cases. This article reviews current understanding of the epidemiology and pathology of SIS. Given neurosurgeons' role in management of head trauma, it is essential that neurosurgeons acquire and maintain thorough knowledge of concussion diagnosis, treatment, and management. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sikoglu, E M; Liso Navarro, A A; Czerniak, S M; McCafferty, J; Eisenstock, J; Stevenson, J H; King, J A; Moore, C M
Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Journal Article
In: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 181–187, 2015.
@article{Sikoglu2015,
title = {Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study},
author = {Sikoglu, E M and {Liso Navarro}, A A and Czerniak, S M and McCafferty, J and Eisenstock, J and Stevenson, J H and King, J A and Moore, C M},
doi = {10.1097/WNN.0000000000000076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {181--187},
abstract = {Background: Although clinical evaluations and neurocognitive assessments are commonly used to evaluate the extent of and recovery from concussion, brain bioenergetics could provide a more quantitative marker. The neurometabolic response to a concussion is thought to increase neuronal energy consumption and thus the demand for nucleoside triphosphate (NTP). Objective: We investigated the possible disruption in high-energy metabolism within the prefrontal cortex of college athletes who had either had a concussion within the past 6 months (n=14) or had never had a concussion (n=13). We hypothesized that concussed athletes would have imbalanced brain bioenergetics resulting from increased NTP consumption, and these biochemical changes would correspond to impaired cognitive abilities. Methods: We used phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify high-energy phosphates. We performed the neuroimaging in conjunction with neurocognitive assessments targeting prefrontal cortex-mediated tasks. Results: Our results revealed significantly lower $gamma$-NTP levels in the athletes after concussion. Although the concussed and non-concussed participants performed similarly in neurocognitive assessments, lower levels of $gamma$-NTP were associated with worse scores on neurocognitive tasks. Conclusions: Our results support the concept of increased energy demand in the prefrontal cortex of a concussed brain, and we found that while neurocognitive assessments appear normal, brain energetics may be abnormal. A longitudinal study could help establish brain NTP levels as a biomarker to aid in diagnosis and to assess recovery in concussed patients. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bondi, C O; Semple, B D; Noble-Haeusslein, L J; Osier, N D; Carlson, S W; Dixon, C E; Giza, C C; Kline, A E
Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, vol. 58, pp. 123–146, 2015.
@article{Bondi2015,
title = {Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury},
author = {Bondi, C O and Semple, B D and Noble-Haeusslein, L J and Osier, N D and Carlson, S W and Dixon, C E and Giza, C C and Kline, A E},
doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.004},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews},
volume = {58},
pages = {123--146},
abstract = {The aim of this review is to discuss in greater detail the topics covered in the recent symposium entitled "Traumatic brain injury: laboratory and clinical perspectives," presented at the 2014 International Behavioral Neuroscience Society annual meeting. Herein, we review contemporary laboratory models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) including common assays for sensorimotor and cognitive behavior. New modalities to evaluate social behavior after injury to the developing brain, as well as the attentional set-shifting test (AST) as a measure of executive function in TBI, will be highlighted. Environmental enrichment (EE) will be discussed as a preclinical model of neurorehabilitation, and finally, an evidence-based approach to sports-related concussion will be considered. The review consists predominantly of published data, but some discussion of ongoing or future directions is provided. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Levin, B; Bhardwaj, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal Journal Article
In: Neurocritical Care, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 334–344, 2014.
@article{Levin2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal},
author = {Levin, B and Bhardwaj, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896549537\&partnerID=40\&md5=138104db42f7ca99527a78bb9c821f59},
doi = {10.1007/s12028-013-9931-1},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Neurocritical Care},
volume = {20},
number = {2},
pages = {334--344},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) formerly known as dementia pugilistica is a long-term neurodegenerative disorder associated with repeated subconcussive head injuries in high-contact sports. We reviewed the existing literature on CTE and examined epidemiological trends, risk factors, and its temporal progression, and proposed the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that may provide unique insights to clinicians with an in-depth understanding of the disease to aid in the diagnosis and prevention, and provide future perspectives for research via search of Medline and Cochrane databases as well as manual review of bibliographies from selected articles and monographs. The prevalence of CTE in recent years is on the rise and almost exclusively affects men, with pathologic signs characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral changes, and violent tendencies with some patients demonstrating Parkinsonian-like symptoms and signs. Many patients with CTE die following suicide, accident, or complications of drug or alcohol use. Postmortem pathologic analysis is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and A$beta$ plaques in 50 % of cases. Currently, there are no ante-mortem diagnostic criteria, but modern imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tension imaging hold promise for delineating the future diagnostic criteria. Further long-term longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate risk factors that will enhance understanding of the disease progression and its pathogenesis. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Blennow, K; Brody, D L; Kochanek, P M; Levin, H; McKee, A; Ribbers, G M; Yaffe, K; Zetterberg, H
Traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: Nature Reviews Disease Primers, vol. 2, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: amyloid beta protein, Article, axonal injury, biological marker, BIOPHYSICS, blood, brain, BRAIN damage, cerebrospinal fluid, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, computer assisted tomography, disease severity, endocrine disease, heredity, human, molecular pathology, neuropathology, nonhuman, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, positron emission tomography, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, protein aggregation, quality of life, screening, tau protein, traumatic brain injury
@article{Blennow2016,
title = {Traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Blennow, K and Brody, D L and Kochanek, P M and Levin, H and McKee, A and Ribbers, G M and Yaffe, K and Zetterberg, H},
doi = {10.1038/nrdp.2016.84},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Reviews Disease Primers},
volume = {2},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are clinically grouped by severity: mild, moderate and severe. Mild TBI (the least severe form) is synonymous with concussion and is typically caused by blunt non-penetrating head trauma. The trauma causes stretching and tearing of axons, which leads to diffuse axonal injury-the best-studied pathogenetic mechanism of this disorder. However, mild TBI is defined on clinical grounds and no well-validated imaging or fluid biomarkers to determine the presence of neuronal damage in patients with mild TBI is available. Most patients with mild TBI will recover quickly, but others report persistent symptoms, called post-concussive syndrome, the underlying pathophysiology of which is largely unknown. Repeated concussive and subconcussive head injuries have been linked to the neurodegenerative condition chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which has been reported post-mortem in contact sports athletes and soldiers exposed to blasts. Insights from severe injuries and CTE plausibly shed light on the underlying cellular and molecular processes involved in mild TBI. MRI techniques and blood tests for axonal proteins to identify and grade axonal injury, in addition to PET for tau pathology, show promise as tools to explore CTE pathophysiology in longitudinal clinical studies, and might be developed into diagnostic tools for CTE. Given that CTE is attributed to repeated head trauma, prevention might be possible through rule changes by sports organizations and legislators. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature.},
keywords = {amyloid beta protein, Article, axonal injury, biological marker, BIOPHYSICS, blood, brain, BRAIN damage, cerebrospinal fluid, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, computer assisted tomography, disease severity, endocrine disease, heredity, human, molecular pathology, neuropathology, nonhuman, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, positron emission tomography, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, protein aggregation, quality of life, screening, tau protein, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Holtkamp, M D; Grimes, J; Ling, G
Concussion in the Military: an Evidence-Base Review of mTBI in US Military Personnel Focused on Posttraumatic Headache Journal Article
In: Current Pain & Headache Reports, vol. 20, no. 6, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: apolipoprotein E4, assessment, biological marker, botulinum toxin, brain concussion, calcitonin gene related peptide receptor antagonis, comorbidity, Concussion, depression, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, disease course, genetic polymorphism, genetic predisposition, glial fibrillary acidic protein, headache, Headache disorder, human, MANAGEMENT, migraine, Military personnel, mTBI, neuroimaging, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, posttraumatic headache, posttraumatic stress disorder, Prognosis, Review, serotonin 1 agonist, serotonin 1F agonist, soldier, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, tricyclic antidepressant agent, triptan derivative, unclassified drug, UNITED States
@article{Holtkamp2016,
title = {Concussion in the Military: an Evidence-Base Review of mTBI in US Military Personnel Focused on Posttraumatic Headache},
author = {Holtkamp, M D and Grimes, J and Ling, G},
doi = {10.1007/s11916-016-0572-x},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Pain \& Headache Reports},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an alteration in brain function caused by an external force. Mild TBI or concussion is now well recognized to be a risk of military service as well as participation in athletic sports such as football. Posttraumatic headache (PTH) is the most common symptom after mTBI in US service members. PTH most commonly presents with migraine-like headache features. The following is an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical course, prognosis, complications, and treatment of mTBI and associated comorbidities with a focus on PTH. There is a particular emphasis on emerging evidence-based clinical practice. One important medical consequence of the recognition that mTBI is a highly prevalent among military service members is that the Department of Defense (DoD) is dedicating significant financial and intellectual resources to better understanding and developing treatments for TBI. The identification of the importance of TBI among the US military population has had the added benefit of increasing awareness of this condition among civilian populations, particularly those engaged in both professional and youth sports. The NIH and NSF are also supporting important TBI research. President Obama’s Brain Initiative is also providing additional impetus for these efforts. Unfortunately, the understanding of the acute and chronic effects of mTBI on the brain remains limited. Gratefully, there is hope that through innovative research, there will be advances in elucidating the underlying pathophysiology, which will lead to clinical and prognostic indicators, ultimately resulting in new treatment options for this very complicated set of disorders. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York (outside the USA).},
keywords = {apolipoprotein E4, assessment, biological marker, botulinum toxin, brain concussion, calcitonin gene related peptide receptor antagonis, comorbidity, Concussion, depression, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, disease course, genetic polymorphism, genetic predisposition, glial fibrillary acidic protein, headache, Headache disorder, human, MANAGEMENT, migraine, Military personnel, mTBI, neuroimaging, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, posttraumatic headache, posttraumatic stress disorder, Prognosis, Review, serotonin 1 agonist, serotonin 1F agonist, soldier, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, tricyclic antidepressant agent, triptan derivative, unclassified drug, UNITED States},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Choe, M C
The Pathophysiology of Concussion Journal Article
In: Current Pain & Headache Reports, vol. 20, no. 6, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, diffuse axonal injury, Pathophysiology
@article{Choe2016b,
title = {The Pathophysiology of Concussion},
author = {Choe, M C},
doi = {10.1007/s11916-016-0573-9},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Pain \& Headache Reports},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
abstract = {Concussion is a significant issue in medicine and the media today. With growing interest on the long-term effects of sports participation, it is important to understand what occurs in the brain after an impact of any degree. While some of the basic pathophysiology has been elucidated, much is still unknown about what happens in the brain after traumatic brain injury, particularly with milder injuries where no damage can be seen at the structural level on standard neuroimaging. Understanding the chain of events from a cellular level using studies investigating more severe injuries can help to drive research efforts in understanding the symptomatology that is seen in the acute phase after concussion, as well as point to mechanisms that may underlie persistent post-concussive symptoms. This review discusses the basic neuropathology that occurs after traumatic brain injury at the cellular level. We also present the pathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and its similarities to other neurodegenerative diseases. We conclude with recent imaging and biomarker findings looking at changes that may occur after repeated subconcussive blows, which may help to guide efforts in understanding if cumulative subconcussive mechanical forces upon the brain are detrimental in the long term or if concussive symptoms mark the threshold for brain injury. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.},
keywords = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, diffuse axonal injury, Pathophysiology},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keener, A B
Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma Journal Article
In: Nature Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 326–329, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling
@article{Keener2016,
title = {Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma},
author = {Keener, A B},
doi = {10.1038/nm0416-326},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {326--329},
keywords = {amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Leddy, J J; Baker, J G; Willer, B
Active Rehabilitation of Concussion and Post-concussion Syndrome Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 437–454, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Active, aerobic exercise, athlete, autonomic dysfunction, brain blood flow, Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test, cognition, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive rehabilitation, Concussion, DISEASE exacerbation, disease severity, exercise tolerance, functional assessment, functional magnetic resonance imaging, head injury, human, motor dysfunction, nerve cell plasticity, nonhuman, ocular motor dysfunction, ocular therapy, oculomotor training therapy, Pathophysiology, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, Physical Examination, PHYSIOLOGY, physiotherapy, post concussion syndrome, Post-Concussion Syndrome, priority journal, Psychoeducation, psychologic assessment, Rehabilitation, rehabilitation care, rest, Review, Social behavior, social psychology, sport related concussion, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, treatment contraindication, vestibular disorder, Vestibular therapy
@article{Leddy2016a,
title = {Active Rehabilitation of Concussion and Post-concussion Syndrome},
author = {Leddy, J J and Baker, J G and Willer, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2015.12.003},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {437--454},
keywords = {Active, aerobic exercise, athlete, autonomic dysfunction, brain blood flow, Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test, cognition, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive rehabilitation, Concussion, DISEASE exacerbation, disease severity, exercise tolerance, functional assessment, functional magnetic resonance imaging, head injury, human, motor dysfunction, nerve cell plasticity, nonhuman, ocular motor dysfunction, ocular therapy, oculomotor training therapy, Pathophysiology, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, Physical Examination, PHYSIOLOGY, physiotherapy, post concussion syndrome, Post-Concussion Syndrome, priority journal, Psychoeducation, psychologic assessment, Rehabilitation, rehabilitation care, rest, Review, Social behavior, social psychology, sport related concussion, traumatic brain injury, Treatment, treatment contraindication, vestibular disorder, Vestibular therapy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Beiske, K K; Kostov, K H; Kostov, H
Rhythmic midtemporal discharge in a youth during light sleep Journal Article
In: Neurodiagnostic Journal, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 32–36, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Article, Automobile Driving, Benign EEG pattern, car driving, case report, case reports, complication, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, Craniocerebral Trauma, drowsiness, EEG pattern, electroencephalogram, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, epileptic discharge, febrile convulsion, football, Functional Laterality, head injury, hemispheric dominance, human, Humans, hyperventilation, Injuries, Light sleep, Male, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, Patient treatment, Rhythmic midtemporal discharge, RMTD, SLEEP, Sleep research, spike wave, temporal lobe, temporal lobe epilepsy, theta rhythm, tonic clonic seizure, unconsciousness, wakefulness
@article{Beiske2016,
title = {Rhythmic midtemporal discharge in a youth during light sleep},
author = {Beiske, K K and Kostov, K H and Kostov, H},
doi = {10.1080/21646821.2015.1119579},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neurodiagnostic Journal},
volume = {56},
number = {1},
pages = {32--36},
abstract = {Rhythmic midtemporal discharge (RMTD) is a rare, benign EEG pattern that may have epileptic morphology. Recognizing variations of RMTD is important in order to avoid over- or misinterpretation of EEG findings, which may lead to inappropriate treatment and negative consequences for the patient in question. We present a case report of RTMDs during light sleep where initial erroneous description necessitated repeat EEGs and additional diagnostic exams and led to the postponement of obtaining a drivers licence for this young patient. Copyright © ASET - The Neurodiagnostic Society.},
keywords = {Adolescent, Article, Automobile Driving, Benign EEG pattern, car driving, case report, case reports, complication, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, Craniocerebral Trauma, drowsiness, EEG pattern, electroencephalogram, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, epileptic discharge, febrile convulsion, football, Functional Laterality, head injury, hemispheric dominance, human, Humans, hyperventilation, Injuries, Light sleep, Male, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Pathophysiology, Patient treatment, Rhythmic midtemporal discharge, RMTD, SLEEP, Sleep research, spike wave, temporal lobe, temporal lobe epilepsy, theta rhythm, tonic clonic seizure, unconsciousness, wakefulness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Edlow, B L; Hinson, H E
Blowing the whistle on sports concussions Journal Article
In: Neurology, vol. 85, no. 17, pp. 1442–1443, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling
@article{Edlow2015,
title = {Blowing the whistle on sports concussions},
author = {Edlow, B L and Hinson, H E},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000001902},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {85},
number = {17},
pages = {1442--1443},
abstract = {On March 13, 2015, Chris Borland, a star rookie linebacker on the San Francisco 49ers, announced his early retirement from professional football, citing concerns about chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Borland, who had a history of 2 diagnosed concussions, walked away from a multi-million-dollar contract and potential sports superstardom, explaining that "from what I've researched and what I've experienced, I don't think it's worth the risk." 1 Perhaps just as surprising as Borland's announcement was the support he received from teammates and other athletes-support that reflects a growing recognition in the athletic community that repetitive head trauma may be associated with CTE and other forms of dementia. 2 Indeed, in a recent legal settlement, the National Football League estimated that approximately 30% of its former players will develop dementia. At the high school and college levels, state legislatures and universities have enacted limits to the number of full-contact practices, citing similar concerns about concussions. These developments have prompted a societal conversation about the risks of contact sports. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moran, B; Tadikonda, P; Sneed, K B; Hummel, M; Guiteau, S; Coris, E E
Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians Journal Article
In: Southern Medical Journal, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 553–558, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption
@article{Moran2015,
title = {Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians},
author = {Moran, B and Tadikonda, P and Sneed, K B and Hummel, M and Guiteau, S and Coris, E E},
doi = {10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
volume = {108},
number = {9},
pages = {553--558},
abstract = {Postconcussive syndrome is an increasingly recognized outcome of sports-related concussion (SRC), characterized by a constellation of poorly defined symptoms. Treatment of PCS is significantly different from that of SRC alone. Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate these patients, but some are unfamiliar with the available therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SRC and descriptions of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to allow primary care physicians to provide evidence-based care to patients experiencing postconcussive syndrome. © 2015 by The Southern Medical Association.},
keywords = {alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
De Matteo, C; Volterman, K A; Breithaupt, P G; Claridge, E A; Adamich, J; Timmons, B W
Exertion testing in youth with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 2283–2290, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adolescents, brain concussion, Child, children, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, exercise, exercise test, exercise tolerance, Female, head injury, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, Physical Exertion, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Return to Play, return to sport, time factor, Time Factors
@article{DeMatteo2015,
title = {Exertion testing in youth with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion},
author = {{De Matteo}, C and Volterman, K A and Breithaupt, P G and Claridge, E A and Adamich, J and Timmons, B W},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000000682},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {47},
number = {11},
pages = {2283--2290},
abstract = {Purpose The decision regarding return to activity (RTA) after mild traumatic brain injuries/concussion is one of the most difficult and controversial areas in concussion management, particularly for youth. This study investigated how youth with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) are affected by exertion and whether standardized exertion testing using the McMaster All-Out Progressive Continuous Cycling Test can contribute to clinical decision making for safe RTA. Methods Fifty-four youth (8.5-18.3 yr) with a previously confirmed concussion participated in the study. Each participant performed exertion testing on a cycle ergometer and completed a Postconcussion Symptom scale at the following time points: before exertion (baseline), 5 and 30 min, and 24 h after exertion. A modified Postconcussion Symptom scale was administered at 2-min intervals during exertion. Results Participants had a mean ± SD symptom duration of 6.3 ± 6.9 months after the most recent concussive injury, with a median of 4.1 months (range, 0.7-35 months). Sixty-three percent of participants had symptoms during exertion testing. Symptom profile (number and severity) significantly affected perception of exertion at 50% peak mechanical power. During acute assessment of symptoms (30-min after exertion), headache (P = 0.39), nausea (P = 0.63), and dizziness (P = 0.35) did not change. However, both the number and severity of symptoms significantly improved over 24 h, with 56.8% of youth showing improvements. The time from the most recent injury had a significant effect on the symptom score at baseline, 30 min after exertion, and 24 h after exertion. Conclusions Exertion testing has an important role in the evaluation of symptoms and readiness to RTA, particularly in youth who are slow to recover. Overall, controlled exertion seemed to lesson symptoms for most youth. © 2015 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adolescents, brain concussion, Child, children, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, exercise, exercise test, exercise tolerance, Female, head injury, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, Physical Exertion, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Return to Play, return to sport, time factor, Time Factors},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexander, D G; Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B; Kidd, M; Malcolm, C M
Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1113–1125, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome
@article{Alexander2015,
title = {Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes},
author = {Alexander, D G and Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B and Kidd, M and Malcolm, C M},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1031699},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1113--1125},
abstract = {Background: Information is scant concerning enduring brain injury effects of participation in the contact sport of Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) on early adolescents.Objective: The objective was prospectively to investigate differences between young adolescent male rugby players and non-contact sports controls on neurocognitive test performance over 3 years and academic achievement over 6 years.Method: A sample of boys from the same school and grade was divided into three groups: rugby with seasonal concussions (n = 45), rugby no seasonal concussions (n = 21) and non-contact sports controls (n = 30). Baseline neurocognitive testing was conducted pre-season in Grade 7 and post-season in Grades 8 and 9. Year-end academic grades were documented for Grades 6-9 and 12 (pre-high school to year of school leaving). A mixed model repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to investigate comparative neurocognitive and academic outcomes between the three sub-groups.Results: Compared with controls, both rugby groups were significantly lower on the WISC-III Coding Immediate Recall sub-test. There was a significant interaction effect on the academic measure, with improved scores over time for controls, that was not in evidence for either rugby group.Conclusions: Tentatively, the outcome suggests cognitive vulnerability in association with school level participation in rugby. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Andelinović, M; Titlić, M; Andelinović, D
Functional Changes of P300 Values among Young Football Players as a Measure of a Cognitive Function Journal Article
In: Collegium antropologicum, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 641–645, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, brain concussion, cognition, Craniocerebral Trauma, event related potential, Event-Related Potentials, Evoked Potentials, evoked response, head injury, human, Humans, Male, P300, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, psychology, reaction time, Soccer
@article{Andelinovic2015,
title = {Functional Changes of P300 Values among Young Football Players as a Measure of a Cognitive Function},
author = {Andelinovi\'{c}, M and Titli\'{c}, M and Andelinovi\'{c}, D},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Collegium antropologicum},
volume = {39},
number = {3},
pages = {641--645},
abstract = {Numerous studies have shown that evaluation of evoked potentials (EP) is an excellent estimation tool for a cognitive function. During daily practices footballers are exposed to headers that can leave mild head traumas. In this study, young footballers were examined, while the control group included their coevals who don't practice contact sports. Results of the study have shown that footballers have longer latency value of the P300 wave when target stimulus is presented on N1, N2 and P3, but not on P2. Also, they have longer latency values when non-target stimulus is presented. Amplitude values of target stimulus are not different, but footballers have lower amplitudes of non-target stimulus. This study suggests that EP evaluation method can be used to detect first and mild changes of the brain function.},
keywords = {Adolescent, brain concussion, cognition, Craniocerebral Trauma, event related potential, Event-Related Potentials, Evoked Potentials, evoked response, head injury, human, Humans, Male, P300, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, psychology, reaction time, Soccer},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dessy, A M; Rasouli, J; Choudhri, T F
Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery Quarterly, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 423–426, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury
@article{Dessy2015,
title = {Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries},
author = {Dessy, A M and Rasouli, J and Choudhri, T F},
doi = {10.1097/WNQ.0000000000000085},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery Quarterly},
volume = {25},
number = {3},
pages = {423--426},
abstract = {Sports-related concussion has been viewed as a developing public health crisis in recent years. Underrecognition of concussions can lead to premature clearance for athletic participation. Second impact syndrome (SIS) represents a rare, yet devastating, potential outcome of premature return to play. SIS is a condition in which rapid brain swelling occurs as a result of a repeat head injury sustained before symptoms of a previous head injury have resolved. Within minutes of the second impact, diffuse cerebral swelling, brain herniation, and death can occur. There are \<20 documented cases of SIS in the world literature to date, and the general understanding of the syndrome is based largely on interpretation of anecdotal cases. This article reviews current understanding of the epidemiology and pathology of SIS. Given neurosurgeons' role in management of head trauma, it is essential that neurosurgeons acquire and maintain thorough knowledge of concussion diagnosis, treatment, and management. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sikoglu, E M; Liso Navarro, A A; Czerniak, S M; McCafferty, J; Eisenstock, J; Stevenson, J H; King, J A; Moore, C M
Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Journal Article
In: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 181–187, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult
@article{Sikoglu2015,
title = {Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study},
author = {Sikoglu, E M and {Liso Navarro}, A A and Czerniak, S M and McCafferty, J and Eisenstock, J and Stevenson, J H and King, J A and Moore, C M},
doi = {10.1097/WNN.0000000000000076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {181--187},
abstract = {Background: Although clinical evaluations and neurocognitive assessments are commonly used to evaluate the extent of and recovery from concussion, brain bioenergetics could provide a more quantitative marker. The neurometabolic response to a concussion is thought to increase neuronal energy consumption and thus the demand for nucleoside triphosphate (NTP). Objective: We investigated the possible disruption in high-energy metabolism within the prefrontal cortex of college athletes who had either had a concussion within the past 6 months (n=14) or had never had a concussion (n=13). We hypothesized that concussed athletes would have imbalanced brain bioenergetics resulting from increased NTP consumption, and these biochemical changes would correspond to impaired cognitive abilities. Methods: We used phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify high-energy phosphates. We performed the neuroimaging in conjunction with neurocognitive assessments targeting prefrontal cortex-mediated tasks. Results: Our results revealed significantly lower $gamma$-NTP levels in the athletes after concussion. Although the concussed and non-concussed participants performed similarly in neurocognitive assessments, lower levels of $gamma$-NTP were associated with worse scores on neurocognitive tasks. Conclusions: Our results support the concept of increased energy demand in the prefrontal cortex of a concussed brain, and we found that while neurocognitive assessments appear normal, brain energetics may be abnormal. A longitudinal study could help establish brain NTP levels as a biomarker to aid in diagnosis and to assess recovery in concussed patients. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bondi, C O; Semple, B D; Noble-Haeusslein, L J; Osier, N D; Carlson, S W; Dixon, C E; Giza, C C; Kline, A E
Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, vol. 58, pp. 123–146, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 8 hydroxy 2 propylaminotetralin, Aggression, Attentional set-shifting test (AST), buspirone, Closed head injury, cognition, cognitive defect, cognitive function test, Concussion, conditioning, Controlled cortical impact (CCI), environmental enrichment, Environmental enrichment (EE), executive function, experimental disease, fear, Fluid percussion (FP), human, interpersonal communication, Memory, motor function test, nerve degeneration, neuropsychological test, Neurorehabilitation, nonhuman, outcome assessment, Pathophysiology, pediatrics, priority journal, rehabilitation care, Review, rodent, rotarod test, sensorimotor function, Social behavior, social disability, social interaction, spatial learning, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury
@article{Bondi2015,
title = {Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury},
author = {Bondi, C O and Semple, B D and Noble-Haeusslein, L J and Osier, N D and Carlson, S W and Dixon, C E and Giza, C C and Kline, A E},
doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.004},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews},
volume = {58},
pages = {123--146},
abstract = {The aim of this review is to discuss in greater detail the topics covered in the recent symposium entitled "Traumatic brain injury: laboratory and clinical perspectives," presented at the 2014 International Behavioral Neuroscience Society annual meeting. Herein, we review contemporary laboratory models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) including common assays for sensorimotor and cognitive behavior. New modalities to evaluate social behavior after injury to the developing brain, as well as the attentional set-shifting test (AST) as a measure of executive function in TBI, will be highlighted. Environmental enrichment (EE) will be discussed as a preclinical model of neurorehabilitation, and finally, an evidence-based approach to sports-related concussion will be considered. The review consists predominantly of published data, but some discussion of ongoing or future directions is provided. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.},
keywords = {8 hydroxy 2 propylaminotetralin, Aggression, Attentional set-shifting test (AST), buspirone, Closed head injury, cognition, cognitive defect, cognitive function test, Concussion, conditioning, Controlled cortical impact (CCI), environmental enrichment, Environmental enrichment (EE), executive function, experimental disease, fear, Fluid percussion (FP), human, interpersonal communication, Memory, motor function test, nerve degeneration, neuropsychological test, Neurorehabilitation, nonhuman, outcome assessment, Pathophysiology, pediatrics, priority journal, rehabilitation care, Review, rodent, rotarod test, sensorimotor function, Social behavior, social disability, social interaction, spatial learning, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Levin, B; Bhardwaj, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal Journal Article
In: Neurocritical Care, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 334–344, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence
@article{Levin2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal},
author = {Levin, B and Bhardwaj, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896549537\&partnerID=40\&md5=138104db42f7ca99527a78bb9c821f59},
doi = {10.1007/s12028-013-9931-1},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Neurocritical Care},
volume = {20},
number = {2},
pages = {334--344},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) formerly known as dementia pugilistica is a long-term neurodegenerative disorder associated with repeated subconcussive head injuries in high-contact sports. We reviewed the existing literature on CTE and examined epidemiological trends, risk factors, and its temporal progression, and proposed the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that may provide unique insights to clinicians with an in-depth understanding of the disease to aid in the diagnosis and prevention, and provide future perspectives for research via search of Medline and Cochrane databases as well as manual review of bibliographies from selected articles and monographs. The prevalence of CTE in recent years is on the rise and almost exclusively affects men, with pathologic signs characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral changes, and violent tendencies with some patients demonstrating Parkinsonian-like symptoms and signs. Many patients with CTE die following suicide, accident, or complications of drug or alcohol use. Postmortem pathologic analysis is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and A$beta$ plaques in 50 % of cases. Currently, there are no ante-mortem diagnostic criteria, but modern imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tension imaging hold promise for delineating the future diagnostic criteria. Further long-term longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate risk factors that will enhance understanding of the disease progression and its pathogenesis. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media.},
keywords = {accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Jordan, B D
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae Journal Article
In: CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology, vol. 20, pp. 1588–1604, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury
@article{Jordan2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae},
author = {Jordan, B D},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84927562326\&partnerID=40\&md5=da8cab7e63cee5fa58ae148fa7de9dec},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology},
volume = {20},
pages = {1588--1604},
abstract = {Purpose of Review: Growing public health concern exists over the incidence of chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) in athletes participating in contact sports. Chronic TBI represents a spectrum of disorders associated with long-term consequences of single or repetitive TBI and includes chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologists should be familiar with the different types of chronic TBI and their diagnostic criteria. Recent Findings: CTE is the most severe chronic TBI and represents the neurologic consequences of repetitive mild TBI. It is particularly noted among boxers and football players. CTE presents with behavioral, cognitive, and motor symptoms, and can only be definitively diagnosed postmortem. Chronic postconcussion syndrome is defined as postconcussion symptoms that last longer than 1 year and do not appear to resolve; it may develop after a single concussive event. Chronic neurocognitive impairment is an all-encompassing clinical term denoting long-term neurologic sequelae secondary to sports-related trauma and can present either within the postconcussion syndrome or years after a symptom-free interval. Summary: This article discusses the diagnostic evaluation of chronic TBI, including clinical history, neurologic examination, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and laboratory testing, as well as the distinctions between CTE, chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologic impairment among athletes exposed to repetitive brain injury appears to be a real phenomenon. Because CTE has no established treatment, prevention is of paramount importance for athletes participating in contact sports. © 2014, American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}