References

7841 entries « ‹ 2 of 157 › »

2017

Arriaza, R; Cierna, D; Regueiro, P; Inman, D; Roman, F; Abarca, B; Barrientos, M; Saavedra, M A

Low risk of concussions in top-level karate competition Journal Article

In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 226–230, 2017.

Léveillé, E; Guay, S; Blais, C; Scherzer, P; De Beaumont, L

In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 65–77, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, Concussion, depression, Emotional facial expression, Gender Differences, Sport

@article{Leveille2017,

title = {Sex-Related Differences in Emotion Recognition in Multi-concussed Athletes},

author = {L\'{e}veill\'{e}, E and Guay, S and Blais, C and Scherzer, P and {De Beaumont}, L},

doi = {10.1017/S1355617716001004},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society},

volume = {23},

number = {1},

pages = {65--77},

abstract = {Objectives: Concussion is defined as a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain. Although the cumulative and long-term effects of multiple concussions are now well documented on cognitive and motor function, little is known about their effects on emotion recognition. Recent studies have suggested that concussion can result in emotional sequelae, particularly in females and multi-concussed athletes. The objective of this study was to investigate sex-related differences in emotion recognition in asymptomatic male and female multi-concussed athletes. Methods: We tested 28 control athletes (15 males) and 22 multi-concussed athletes (10 males) more than a year since the last concussion. Participants completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, a neuropsychological test battery and a morphed emotion recognition task. Pictures of a male face expressing basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise) morphed with another emotion were randomly presented. After each face presentation, participants were asked to indicate the emotion expressed by the face. Results: Results revealed significant sex by group interactions in accuracy and intensity threshold for negative emotions, together with significant main effects of emotion and group. Conclusions: Male concussed athletes were significantly impaired in recognizing negative emotions and needed more emotional intensity to correctly identify these emotions, compared to same-sex controls. In contrast, female concussed athletes performed similarly to same-sex controls. These findings suggest that sex significantly modulates concussion effects on emotional facial expression recognition. © 2016 The International Neuropsychological Society.},

keywords = {Anxiety, Concussion, depression, Emotional facial expression, Gender Differences, Sport},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Lewis, G N; Hume, P A; Stavric, V; Brown, S R; Taylor, D

New zealand rugby health study: Motor cortex excitability in retired elite and community level rugby players Journal Article

In: New Zealand Medical Journal, vol. 130, no. 1448, pp. 34–44, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Pabian, P S; Oliveira, L; Tucker, J; Beato, M; Gual, C

Interprofessional management of concussion in sport Journal Article

In: Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 23, pp. 123–132, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Howell, D R; Beasley, M; Vopat, L; Meehan 3rd, W P

The Effect of Prior Concussion History on Dual-Task Gait following a Concussion Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 838–844, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Collins, M W; Womble, M N

American pediatric surgical association journal of pediatric surgery lecture Journal Article

In: Journal of Pediatric Surgery, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 16–21, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, head injury, migraine, Ocular, Risk Factors, vestibular

Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D M; Vis, S; Reimer, K M; Leiter, J; Russell, K

Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 38–45, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Ellis2017b,

title = {Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},

author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D M and Vis, S and Reimer, K M and Leiter, J and Russell, K},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics.},

volume = {19},

number = {1},

pages = {38--45},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE There were 2 objectives of this study. The first objective was to identify clinical variables associated with vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) detected at initial consultation among pediatric patients with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS). The second objective was to reexamine the prevalence of VOD in this clinical cohort and evaluate the effect of VOD on length of recovery and the development of PCS. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted for all patients with acute SRC and PCS who were evaluated at a pediatric multidisciplinary concussion program from September 2013 to May 2015. Acute SRS was defined as presenting \< 30 days postinjury, and PCS was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision criteria and included being symptomatic 30 days or longer postinjury. The initial assessment included clinical history and physical examination performed by 1 neurosurgeon. Patients were assessed for VOD, defined as the presence of more than 1 subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, diplopia, blurred vision, etc.) and more than 1 objective physical examination finding (abnormal near point of convergence, smooth pursuits, saccades, or vestibulo-ocular reflex testing). Poisson regression analysis was used to identify factors that increased the risk of VOD at initial presentation and the development of PCS. RESULTS Three hundred ninety-nine children, including 306 patients with acute SRC and 93 with PCS, were included. Of these patients, 30.1% of those with acute SRC (65.0% male, mean age 13.9 years) and 43.0% of those with PCS (41.9% male, mean age 15.4 years) met the criteria for VOD at initial consultation. Independent predictors of VOD at initial consultation included female sex, preinjury history of depression, posttraumatic amnesia, and presence of dizziness, blurred vision, or difficulty focusing at the time of injury. Independent predictors of PCS among patients with acute SRC included the presence of VOD at initial consultation, preinjury history of depression, and posttraumatic amnesia at the time of injury. CONCLUSIONS This study identified important potential risk factors for the development of VOD following pediatric SRC. These results provide confirmatory evidence that VOD at initial consultation is associated with prolonged recovery and is an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Future studies examining clinical prediction rules in pediatric concussion should include VOD. Additional research is needed to elucidate the natural history of VOD following SRC and establish evidence-based indications for targeted vestibular rehabilitation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

OBJECTIVE There were 2 objectives of this study. The first objective was to identify clinical variables associated with vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) detected at initial consultation among pediatric patients with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS). The second objective was to reexamine the prevalence of VOD in this clinical cohort and evaluate the effect of VOD on length of recovery and the development of PCS. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted for all patients with acute SRC and PCS who were evaluated at a pediatric multidisciplinary concussion program from September 2013 to May 2015. Acute SRS was defined as presenting < 30 days postinjury, and PCS was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision criteria and included being symptomatic 30 days or longer postinjury. The initial assessment included clinical history and physical examination performed by 1 neurosurgeon. Patients were assessed for VOD, defined as the presence of more than 1 subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, diplopia, blurred vision, etc.) and more than 1 objective physical examination finding (abnormal near point of convergence, smooth pursuits, saccades, or vestibulo-ocular reflex testing). Poisson regression analysis was used to identify factors that increased the risk of VOD at initial presentation and the development of PCS. RESULTS Three hundred ninety-nine children, including 306 patients with acute SRC and 93 with PCS, were included. Of these patients, 30.1% of those with acute SRC (65.0% male, mean age 13.9 years) and 43.0% of those with PCS (41.9% male, mean age 15.4 years) met the criteria for VOD at initial consultation. Independent predictors of VOD at initial consultation included female sex, preinjury history of depression, posttraumatic amnesia, and presence of dizziness, blurred vision, or difficulty focusing at the time of injury. Independent predictors of PCS among patients with acute SRC included the presence of VOD at initial consultation, preinjury history of depression, and posttraumatic amnesia at the time of injury. CONCLUSIONS This study identified important potential risk factors for the development of VOD following pediatric SRC. These results provide confirmatory evidence that VOD at initial consultation is associated with prolonged recovery and is an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Future studies examining clinical prediction rules in pediatric concussion should include VOD. Additional research is needed to elucidate the natural history of VOD following SRC and establish evidence-based indications for targeted vestibular rehabilitation.

Kuhn, Elizabeth; Miller, Joseph; Feltman, Blake; Powers, Alexander; Sicking, Dean; Johnston, James

Youth helmet design in sports with repetitive low- and medium-energy impacts: a systematic review Journal Article

In: Sports Engineering, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 29–40, 2017, ISBN: 13697072.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Kuhn2017a,

title = {Youth helmet design in sports with repetitive low- and medium-energy impacts: a systematic review},

author = {Kuhn, Elizabeth and Miller, Joseph and Feltman, Blake and Powers, Alexander and Sicking, Dean and Johnston, James},

doi = {10.1007/s12283-016-0215-9},

isbn = {13697072},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Engineering},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {29--40},

abstract = {Concussion awareness in youth sports has increased secondary to recent legislation, public health campaigns, and media coverage. The potential for long-term negative sequelae is now widely recognized and there have been a number of initiatives nationwide to prevent pediatric head injuries, including efforts to design more effective helmets for repetitive impact sports. The primary aim of this review is to systematically assess the literature regarding helmet design in youth sports specifically designed to mitigate repetitive low- and medium-energy impacts. Secondary aims include identifying areas for future research and opportunities for helmet design improvement. A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify articles relating to youth helmet design and biomechanical studies of concussion in youth sports. Pubmed, Google scholar, Cochrane Review and article citations were used to identify all pertinent English articles between 1971 and January 2016. A total of 14 studies met criteria for inclusion in this review, three of which included clinical outcomes (all Level of Evidence II) and eleven of which included biomechanical outcomes. The vast majority focused on adolescents playing football. Six of the biomechanical studies demonstrated improved biomechanical metrics in helmets with increasing foam thickness and number of foam layers. Two clinical studies also seem to support this concept, with significant caveats. To date, there are limited clinical and biomechanical data on youth helmet design. There is a need for further research in order to optimize helmet design and reduce the number and severity of pediatric sports-related head injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

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Ahmed, O H; Hall, E E

"It was only a mild concussion": Exploring the description of sports concussion in online news articles Journal Article

In: Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 23, pp. 7–13, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Mayinger, Michael Christian; Merchant-Borna, Kian; Hufschmidt, Jakob; Muehlmann, Marc; Weir, Isabelle Ruth; Rauchmann, Boris-Stephan; Shenton, Martha Elizabeth; Koerte, Inga Katharina; Bazarian, Jeffrey John

White matter alterations in college football players: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study Journal Article

In: Brain Imaging & Behavior, 2017, ISBN: 1931-7557.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2017, Athletics, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, fractional anisotropy, High magnitude impact, Human studies, Longitudinal, No terms assigned, Repetitive head impacts, Sports, Subconcussive head trauma, TBSS, white matter

@article{Mayinger2017,

title = {White matter alterations in college football players: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study},

author = {Mayinger, Michael Christian and Merchant-Borna, Kian and Hufschmidt, Jakob and Muehlmann, Marc and Weir, Isabelle Ruth and Rauchmann, Boris-Stephan and Shenton, Martha Elizabeth and Koerte, Inga Katharina and Bazarian, Jeffrey John},

doi = {10.1007/s11682-017-9672-4},

isbn = {1931-7557},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain Imaging \& Behavior},

publisher = {Springer},

address = {Germany},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal changes in the diffusion characteristics of brain white matter (WM) in collegiate athletes at three time points: prior to the start of the football season (T1), after one season of football (T2), followed by six months of no-contact rest (T3). Fifteen male collegiate football players and 5 male non-athlete student controls underwent diffusion MR imaging and computerized cognitive testing at all three timepoints. Whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD), and trace between all timepoints. Average diffusion values were obtained from statistically significant clusters for each individual. No athlete suffered a concussion during the study period. After one season of play (T1 to T2), we observed a significant increase in trace in a cluster located in the brainstem and left temporal lobe, and a significant increase in FA in the left parietal lobe. After six months of no-contact rest (T2 to T3), there was a significant decrease in trace and FA in clusters that were partially overlapping or in close proximity with the initial clusters (T1 to T2), with no significant changes from T1 to T3. Repetitive head impacts (RHI) sustained during a single football season may result in alterations of the brain’s WM in collegiate football players. These changes appear to return to baseline after 6 months of no-contact rest, suggesting remission of WM alterations. Our preliminary results suggest that collegiate football players might benefit from periods without exposure to RHI. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)},

keywords = {2017, Athletics, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, fractional anisotropy, High magnitude impact, Human studies, Longitudinal, No terms assigned, Repetitive head impacts, Sports, Subconcussive head trauma, TBSS, white matter},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Witcher, K G; Godbout, J P

Can Sustained Glia-Mediated Brain Inflammation After Repeated Concussive Brain Injury Be Detected In Vivo? Journal Article

In: JAMA Neurology, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 23–25, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

King, D; Hume, P; Gissane, C; Clark, T

Semi-Professional Rugby League Players have Higher Concussion Risk than Professional or Amateur Participants: A Pooled Analysis Journal Article

In: Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 197–205, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{King2017a,

title = {Semi-Professional Rugby League Players have Higher Concussion Risk than Professional or Amateur Participants: A Pooled Analysis},

author = {King, D and Hume, P and Gissane, C and Clark, T},

doi = {10.1007/s40279-016-0576-z},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Medicine},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {197--205},

abstract = {A combined estimate of injuries within a specific sport through pooled analysis provides more precise evidence and meaningful information about the sport, whilst controlling for between-study variation due to individual sub-cohort characteristics. The objective of this analysis was to review all published rugby league studies reporting injuries from match and training participation and report the pooled data estimates for rugby league concussion injury epidemiology. A systematic literature analysis of concussion in rugby league was performed on published studies from January 1990 to October 2015. Data were extracted and pooled from 25 studies that reported the number and incidence of concussions in rugby league match and training activities. Amateur rugby league players had the highest incidence of concussive injuries in match activities (19.1 per 1000 match hours) while semi-professional players had the highest incidence of concussive injuries in training activities (3.1 per 1000 training hours). This pooled analysis showed that, during match participation activities, amateur rugby league participants had a higher reported concussion injury rate than professional and semi-professional participants. Semi-professional participants had nearly a threefold greater concussion injury risk than amateur rugby league participants during match participation. They also had nearly a 600-fold greater concussion injury risk than professional rugby league participants during training participation. © 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Meier, T B; Lancaster, M A; Mayer, A R; Teague, T K; Savitz, J

Abnormalities in Functional Connectivity in Collegiate Football Athletes with and without a Concussion History: Implications and Role of Neuroactive Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 824–837, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Meier2017,

title = {Abnormalities in Functional Connectivity in Collegiate Football Athletes with and without a Concussion History: Implications and Role of Neuroactive Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites},

author = {Meier, T B and Lancaster, M A and Mayer, A R and Teague, T K and Savitz, J},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {824--837},

abstract = {There is a great need to identify potential long-term consequences of contact sport exposure and to identify molecular pathways that may be associated with these changes. We tested the hypothesis that football players with (Ath-mTBI) (n=25) and without a concussion history (Ath) (n=24) have altered resting state functional connectivity in regions with previously documented structural changes relative to healthy controls without football or concussion history (HC) (n=27). As a secondary aim, we tested the hypothesis that group differences in functional connectivity are moderated by the relative ratio of neuroprotective to neurotoxic metabolites of the kynurenine pathway. Ath-mTBI had significantly increased connectivity of motor cortex to the supplementary motor area relative to Ath and HC. In contrast, both Ath-mTBI and Ath had increased connectivity between the left orbital frontal cortex and the right lateral frontal cortex, and between the left cornu ammonis areas 2 and 3/dentate gyrus (CA2-3/DG) of the hippocampus and the middle and posterior cingulate cortices, relative to HC. The relationship between the ratio of plasma concentrations of kynurenic acid to quinolinic acid (KYNA/QUIN) and left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex connectivity to multiple regions as well as KYNA/QUIN and right CA2-3/DG connectivity to multiple regions differed significantly according to football and concussion history. The results suggest that football exposure with and without concussion history can have a significant effect on intrinsic brain connectivity and implicate the kynurenine metabolic pathway as one potential moderator of functional connectivity dependent on football exposure and concussion history.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

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Montenigro, P H; Alosco, M L; Martin, B M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Chaisson, C E; Nowinski, C J; Au, R; McKee, A C; Cantu, R C; McClean, M D; Stern, R A; Tripodis, Y

Cumulative Head Impact Exposure Predicts Later-Life Depression, Apathy, Executive Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Former High School and College Football Players Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 328–340, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: behavior, cognition, Concussion, football, long-term impairment, subconcussive impacts

@article{Montenigro2017,

title = {Cumulative Head Impact Exposure Predicts Later-Life Depression, Apathy, Executive Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Former High School and College Football Players},

author = {Montenigro, P H and Alosco, M L and Martin, B M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Chaisson, C E and Nowinski, C J and Au, R and McKee, A C and Cantu, R C and McClean, M D and Stern, R A and Tripodis, Y},

doi = {10.1089/neu.2016.4413},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {2},

pages = {328--340},

abstract = {The term "repetitive head impacts" (RHI) refers to the cumulative exposure to concussive and subconcussive events. Although RHI are believed to increase risk for later-life neurological consequences (including chronic traumatic encephalopathy), quantitative analysis of this relationship has not yet been examined because of the lack of validated tools to quantify lifetime RHI exposure. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop a metric to quantify cumulative RHI exposure from football, which we term the "cumulative head impact index" (CHII); 2) to use the CHII to examine the association between RHI exposure and long-term clinical outcomes; and 3) to evaluate its predictive properties relative to other exposure metrics (i.e., duration of play, age of first exposure, concussion history). Participants included 93 former high school and collegiate football players who completed objective cognitive and self-reported behavioral/mood tests as part of a larger ongoing longitudinal study. Using established cutoff scores, we transformed continuous outcomes into dichotomous variables (normal vs. impaired). The CHII was computed for each participant and derived from a combination of self-reported athletic history (i.e., number of seasons, position[s], levels played), and impact frequencies reported in helmet accelerometer studies. A bivariate probit, instrumental variable model revealed a threshold dose-response relationship between the CHII and risk for later-life cognitive impairment (p \< 0.0001), self-reported executive dysfunction (p \< 0.0001), depression (p \< 0.0001), apathy (p = 0.0161), and behavioral dysregulation (p \< 0.0001). Ultimately, the CHII demonstrated greater predictive validity than other individual exposure metrics. Copyright © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.},

keywords = {behavior, cognition, Concussion, football, long-term impairment, subconcussive impacts},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Asken, Breton M; Clugston, James R; Snyder, Aliyah R; Bauer, Russell M

Baseline Neurocognitive Performance and Clearance for Athletes to Return to Contact Journal Article

In: Journal of Athletic Training, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 51–57, 2017, ISBN: 10626050.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Brain Injuries, collegiate athletes, Computerized testing, ImPACT

Wurlitzer, Katherine C

Removal From Play After Concussion and Recovery Time: Elbin RJ, Sufrinko A, Schatz P, et al. Pediatrics. 2016;138(3):e20160910 Journal Article

In: Journal of Emergency Medicine (0736-4679), vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 127–128, 2017, ISBN: 07364679.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: ATHLETES -- Health, Dizziness, headache, SPORTS medicine, Visual Perception

Gill, Jessica; Merchant-Borna, Kian; Jeromin, Andreas; Livingston, Whitney; Bazarian, Jeffrey

Acute plasma tau relates to prolonged return to play after concussion Journal Article

In: Neurology, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 595–602, 2017, ISBN: 0028-3878.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

Anzalone, Anthony J; Blueitt, Damond; Case, Tami; McGuffin, Tiffany; Pollard, Kalyssa; Garrison, J Craig; Jones, Margaret T; Pavur, Robert; Turner, Stephanie; Oliver, Jonathan M

A Positive Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Is Associated With Increased Recovery Time After Sports-Related Concussion in Youth and Adolescent Athletes Journal Article

In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 474–479, 2017, ISBN: 03635465.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, Ocular motor, Symptoms, vestibular

Tanaka, Yuto; Tsugawa, Tsuyoshi; Maeda, Yoshinobu

Effect of mouthguards on impact to the craniomandibular complex Journal Article

In: Dental Traumatology, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 51–56, 2017, ISBN: 16004469.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, craniomandibular complex, Face -- Wounds & injuries, Impact loads (Engineering), Jaws, MOUTH protectors, Mouthguard, Pendulums, teeth-clenching, Temporomandibular joint

Stovitz, S D; Weseman, J D; Hooks, M C; Schmidt, R J; Koffel, J B; Patricios, J S

What definition is used to describe second impact syndrome in sports? A systematic and critical review Journal Article

In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 50–55, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

Tapper, A; Gonzalez, D; Roy, E; Niechwiej-Szwedo, E

Executive function deficits in team sport athletes with a history of concussion revealed by a visual-auditory dual task paradigm Journal Article

In: Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 231–240, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Ghajari, M; Hellyer, P J; Sharp, D J

Computational modelling of traumatic brain injury predicts the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology Journal Article

In: Brain, vol. 140, no. Pt 2, pp. 333–343, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Ghajari2017,

title = {Computational modelling of traumatic brain injury predicts the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology},

author = {Ghajari, M and Hellyer, P J and Sharp, D J},

year = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain},

volume = {140},

number = {Pt 2},

pages = {333--343},

abstract = {Traumatic brain injury can lead to the neurodegenerative disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy. This condition has a clear neuropathological definition but the relationship between the initial head impact and the pattern of progressive brain pathology is poorly understood. We test the hypothesis that mechanical strain and strain rate are greatest in sulci, where neuropathology is prominently seen in chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and whether human neuroimaging observations converge with computational predictions. Three distinct types of injury were simulated. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy can occur after sporting injuries, so we studied a helmet-to-helmet impact in an American football game. In addition, we investigated an occipital head impact due to a fall from ground level and a helmeted head impact in a road traffic accident involving a motorcycle and a car. A high fidelity 3D computational model of brain injury biomechanics was developed and the contours of strain and strain rate at the grey matter-white matter boundary were mapped. Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in a cohort of 97 traumatic brain injury patients were also mapped at the grey matter-white matter boundary. Fifty-one healthy subjects served as controls. The computational models predicted large strain most prominent at the depths of sulci. The volume fraction of sulcal regions exceeding brain injury thresholds were significantly larger than that of gyral regions. Strain and strain rates were highest for the road traffic accident and sporting injury. Strain was greater in the sulci for all injury types, but strain rate was greater only in the road traffic and sporting injuries. Diffusion tensor imaging showed converging imaging abnormalities within sulcal regions with a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy in the patient group compared to controls within the sulci. Our results show that brain tissue deformation induced by head impact loading is greatest in sulcal locations, where pathology in cases of chronic traumatic encephalopathy is observed. In addition, the nature of initial head loading can have a significant influence on the magnitude and pattern of injury. Clarifying this relationship is key to understanding the long-term effects of head impacts and improving protective strategies, such as helmet design. Copyright © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Traumatic brain injury can lead to the neurodegenerative disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy. This condition has a clear neuropathological definition but the relationship between the initial head impact and the pattern of progressive brain pathology is poorly understood. We test the hypothesis that mechanical strain and strain rate are greatest in sulci, where neuropathology is prominently seen in chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and whether human neuroimaging observations converge with computational predictions. Three distinct types of injury were simulated. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy can occur after sporting injuries, so we studied a helmet-to-helmet impact in an American football game. In addition, we investigated an occipital head impact due to a fall from ground level and a helmeted head impact in a road traffic accident involving a motorcycle and a car. A high fidelity 3D computational model of brain injury biomechanics was developed and the contours of strain and strain rate at the grey matter-white matter boundary were mapped. Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in a cohort of 97 traumatic brain injury patients were also mapped at the grey matter-white matter boundary. Fifty-one healthy subjects served as controls. The computational models predicted large strain most prominent at the depths of sulci. The volume fraction of sulcal regions exceeding brain injury thresholds were significantly larger than that of gyral regions. Strain and strain rates were highest for the road traffic accident and sporting injury. Strain was greater in the sulci for all injury types, but strain rate was greater only in the road traffic and sporting injuries. Diffusion tensor imaging showed converging imaging abnormalities within sulcal regions with a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy in the patient group compared to controls within the sulci. Our results show that brain tissue deformation induced by head impact loading is greatest in sulcal locations, where pathology in cases of chronic traumatic encephalopathy is observed. In addition, the nature of initial head loading can have a significant influence on the magnitude and pattern of injury. Clarifying this relationship is key to understanding the long-term effects of head impacts and improving protective strategies, such as helmet design. Copyright © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Lyon, Louisa

High impact research: investigating the effects of repetitive head injury Journal Article

In: Brain: A Journal of Neurology, vol. 140, no. 1, pp. e6–e6, 2017, ISBN: 00068950.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: BRAIN -- Concussion, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, DISEASE susceptibility, Head Injuries, NATIONAL Football League

Klein, T A; Graves, J M

A Comparison of Psychiatric and Nonpsychiatric Nurse Practitioner Knowledge and Management Recommendations Regarding Adolescent Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article

In: Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 37–49, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adolescents/adolescence, Brain Injury, Concussion, nurse practitioner

@article{Klein2017,

title = {A Comparison of Psychiatric and Nonpsychiatric Nurse Practitioner Knowledge and Management Recommendations Regarding Adolescent Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},

author = {Klein, T A and Graves, J M},

doi = {10.1177/1078390316668992},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association},

volume = {23},

number = {1},

pages = {37--49},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nurse practitioners (NPs) are statutorily authorized to provide assessment and cognitive recommendations for concussion in most states. Their scope of practice includes assessment and management of concussion sequalae including anxiety, insomnia, and depression, as well as return to school and activity guidance. OBJECTIVES: Analysis of symptom-based diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adolescents, including return to school and school workload recommendations comparing psychiatric and nonpsychiatric NPs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional Web-based survey with embedded videos using standardized actors and scripts randomized for patient sex and sport. A total of 4,849 NPs licensed in Oregon or Washington were invited by e-mail to view and respond to this study, with a response rate of 23%. RESULTS: Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) were 44% less likely than family NPs to report using standardized concussion tools. 17% had completed continuing education on mild TBI compared to 54.5% of family NPs. Seven PMHNPs provided additional feedback related to discomfort in completing the survey due to lack of comfort or experience. Return to school recommendations and reduced workload advice did not significantly differ by NP type. CONCLUSION: PMHNPs may support individualized assessment through concussion evaluation, use of standardized tools, and differential consideration of TBI for mental health symptoms. More research is required related to the role and contribution of cognitive rest to full recovery. © 2016, © The Author(s) 2016.},

keywords = {adolescents/adolescence, Brain Injury, Concussion, nurse practitioner},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Dillard, C; Ditchman, N; Nersessova, K; Foster, N; Wehman, P; West, M; Riedlinger, B; Monasterio, E; Shaw, B; Neblett, J

Post-concussion symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury: findings from a paediatric outpatient clinic Journal Article

In: Disability & Rehabilitation, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 544–550, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, paediatric hospitals, Post-Concussion Syndrome

@article{Dillard2017,

title = {Post-concussion symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury: findings from a paediatric outpatient clinic},

author = {Dillard, C and Ditchman, N and Nersessova, K and Foster, N and Wehman, P and West, M and Riedlinger, B and Monasterio, E and Shaw, B and Neblett, J},

doi = {10.3109/09638288.2016.1152602},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Disability \& Rehabilitation},

volume = {39},

number = {6},

pages = {544--550},

abstract = {Purpose Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common among children and is associated with a range of symptomatology and clinical presentations. This study uses data from a paediatric outpatient TBI clinic to (1) investigate characteristics associated with more severe post-concussive symptoms and (2) examine differences in the proportion of individuals endorsing specific post-concussion symptoms based on group (e.g., sex, type of injury, and psychiatric history). Methods Data from the Children’s Hospital of Richmond’s TBI outpatient programme were analysed (N = 157). Results Gender and sports injury were associated with severity of symptoms. In addition, females endorsed a greater number of overall symptoms than males. A number of specific symptoms were found to be endorsed to a greater extent based on psychiatric history and type of injury; however, overall total number of symptoms endorsed did not differ based on these characteristics. Conclusions Findings from this study provide further evidence that mTBI affects a wide range of youth and that associated symptomatology can indeed be varied. Moreover, results revealed differences in endorsement of specific symptoms and symptom severity based on patient and injury characteristics which have implications for concussion assessment and treatment. Implications for Rehabilitation Symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children and adolescents can have varied presentation, ranging from minimal to severe. Females and those with non-sports-related injuries are more likely to endorse greater symptoms following concussion. Symptom evaluation is an essential component of the concussion assessment and treatment of paediatric patients following mTBI, and clinicians should be aware of patient characteristics associated with increased symptoms, especially when baseline symptom data are not available. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor \& Francis Group.},

keywords = {Adolescent, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, paediatric hospitals, Post-Concussion Syndrome},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Tuominen, M; Stuart, M J; Aubry, M; Kannus, P; Parkkari, J

Injuries in world junior ice hockey championships between 2006 and 2015 Journal Article

In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 36–43, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Tuominen2017,

title = {Injuries in world junior ice hockey championships between 2006 and 2015},

author = {Tuominen, M and Stuart, M J and Aubry, M and Kannus, P and Parkkari, J},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},

volume = {51},

number = {1},

pages = {36--43},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Detailed injury data are not available for international ice hockey tournaments played by junior athletes. We report the incidence, type, mechanism and severity of injuries in males under ages 18 and 20 at junior ice hockey World Championships during 2006-2015. METHODS: All injuries in the International Ice Hockey Federation World Junior under-20 (WJ U20) Championship and under-18 (WJ U18) Championship were collected over a 9-year period using a strict injury definition, a standardised injury reporting system and diagnoses made by a team physician. RESULTS: 633 injuries were recorded in 1326 games over a 9-year period, resulting in an injury rate (IR) of 11.0 per 1000 player-games and 39.8/1000 player-game hours. The IRs in all tournaments were 4.3/1000 player-games for the head and face, 3.2 for the upper body, 2.6 for the lower body and 1.0 for the spine and trunk. A laceration was the most common injury type followed by a sprain. Lacerations accounted for 80% (IR 3.6) of facial injuries in WJ U20 tournaments. The shoulder was the most common injury site (IR 2.0) in WJ U18 tournaments. Board contact was the mechanism for 59% of these shoulder injuries. Concussion was the most common head and face injury (46%; IR 1.2) in WJ U18 tournaments. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The risk of injury among male junior ice hockey players was lower than the reported rates in adult men but higher than that in women. Facial lacerations were common in U20 junior players (WJ U20) since most wear only partial facial protection (visor). The IR for shoulder injuries was high in U18 junior players (WJ U18). Suggested strategies for injury prevention include full facial protection for all players and flexible board and glass for all junior tournaments.Copyright Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Janssen, P H H; Mandrekar, J; Mielke, M M; Ahlskog, J E; Boeve, B F; Josephs, K; Savica, R

High School Football and Late-Life Risk of Neurodegenerative Syndromes, 1956-1970 Journal Article

In: Mayo Clinic Proceedings, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 66–71, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Janssen2017,

title = {High School Football and Late-Life Risk of Neurodegenerative Syndromes, 1956-1970},

author = {Janssen, P H H and Mandrekar, J and Mielke, M M and Ahlskog, J E and Boeve, B F and Josephs, K and Savica, R},

doi = {10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.09.004},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings},

volume = {92},

number = {1},

pages = {66--71},

abstract = {Objective To assess whether athletes who played American varsity high school football between 1956 and 1970 have an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases later in life. Patients and Methods We identified all male varsity football players between 1956 and 1970 in the public high schools of Rochester, Minnesota, and non\textendashfootball-playing male varsity swimmers, wrestlers, and basketball players. Using the medical records linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, we ascertained the incidence of late-life neurodegenerative diseases: dementia, parkinsonism, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also recorded medical record\textendashdocumented head trauma during high school years. Results We identified 296 varsity football players and 190 athletes engaging in other sports. Football players had an increased risk of medically documented head trauma, especially if they played football for more than 1 year. Compared with nonfootball athletes, football players did not have an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease overall or of the individual conditions of dementia, parkinsonism, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Conclusion In this community-based study, varsity high school football players from 1956 to 1970 did not have an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases compared with athletes engaged in other varsity sports. This was from an era when there was a generally nihilistic view of concussion dangers, less protective equipment, and no prohibition of spearing (head-first tackling). However, the size and strength of players from previous eras may not be comparable with that of current high school athletes. © 2016 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Churchill, N; Hutchison, M G; Leung, G; Graham, S; Schweizer, T A

Changes in functional connectivity of the brain associated with a history of sport concussion: A preliminary investigation Journal Article

In: Brain Injury, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 39–48, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, Functional MRI, MRI scan, neuroimaging

@article{Churchill2017,

title = {Changes in functional connectivity of the brain associated with a history of sport concussion: A preliminary investigation},

author = {Churchill, N and Hutchison, M G and Leung, G and Graham, S and Schweizer, T A},

doi = {10.1080/02699052.2016.1221135},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain Injury},

volume = {31},

number = {1},

pages = {39--48},

abstract = {Objective: There is evidence of long-term clinical consequences associated with a history of sport concussion. However, there remains limited information about the underlying changes in brain function. The goal of this study was to identify brain regions where abnormal resting-state function is associated with chronic concussion, for athletes without persistent symptoms. Methods: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) was performed on a group of athletes with prior concussion (n = 22) and a group without documented injury (n = 21). Multivariate predictive modelling was used to localize reliable changes in brain connectivity that are associated with a history of concussion and with clinical factors, including number of prior concussions and recovery time from last injury. Results: No significant differences were found between athletes with and without a history of concussion, but functional connectivity was significantly associated with clinical history. The number of prior concussions was associated with most extensive connectivity changes, particularly for elements of the visual attention network and cerebellum. Conclusion: The findings of this preliminary study indicate that functional brain abnormalities associated with chronic concussion may be significantly dependent on clinical history. In addition, elements of the visual and cerebellar systems may be most sensitive to the long-term effects of sport concussion. © 2017 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},

keywords = {Concussion, Functional MRI, MRI scan, neuroimaging},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Mihalik, J P; Lynall, R C; Wasserman, E B; Guskiewicz, K M; Marshall, S W

Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help? Journal Article

In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 247–253, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Biomechanics, Brain Injury, Concussion, sport injury

Cobbs, L; Hasanaj, L; Amorapanth, P; Rizzo, J R; Nolan, R; Serrano, L; Raynowska, J; Rucker, J C; Jordan, B D; Galetta, S L; Balcer, L J

Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES) test: A new measure of rapid picture naming for concussion Journal Article

In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 372, pp. 393–398, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, King-Devick test, Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System, saccades, Sports, Vision

@article{Cobbs2017,

title = {Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES) test: A new measure of rapid picture naming for concussion},

author = {Cobbs, L and Hasanaj, L and Amorapanth, P and Rizzo, J R and Nolan, R and Serrano, L and Raynowska, J and Rucker, J C and Jordan, B D and Galetta, S L and Balcer, L J},

doi = {10.1016/j.jns.2016.10.044},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the Neurological Sciences},

volume = {372},

pages = {393--398},

abstract = {Objective This study introduces a rapid picture naming test, the Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES), as a novel, vision-based performance measure for concussion screening. The MULES is a visual-verbal task that includes 54 original photographs of fruits, objects and animals. We piloted MULES in a cohort of volunteers to determine feasibility, ranges of picture naming responses, and the relation of MULES time scores to those of King-Devick (K-D), a rapid number naming test. Methods A convenience sample (n = 20, age 34 ± 10) underwent MULES and K-D (spiral bound, iPad versions). Administration order was randomized; MULES tests were audio-recorded to provide objective data on temporal variability and ranges of picture naming responses. Results Scores for the best of two trials for all tests were 40\textendash50 s; average times required to name each MULES picture (0.72 ± 0.14 s) was greater than those needed for each K-D number ((spiral: 0.33 ± 0.05 s, iPad: 0.36 ± 0.06 s, 120 numbers), p \< 0.0001, paired t-test). MULES scores showed the greatest degree of improvement between trials (9.4 ± 4.8 s, p \< 0.0001 for trials 1 vs. 2), compared to K-D (spiral 1.5 ± 3.3 s, iPad 1.8 ± 3.4 s). Shorter MULES times demonstrated moderate and significant correlations with shorter iPad but not spiral K-D times (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). Conclusion The MULES test is a rapid picture naming task that may engage more extensive neural systems than more commonly used rapid number naming tasks. Rapid picture naming may require additional processing devoted to color perception, object identification, and categorization. Both tests rely on initiation and sequencing of saccadic eye movements. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {Concussion, King-Devick test, Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System, saccades, Sports, Vision},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Knowles, B M; Yu, H; Dennison, C R

Accuracy of a Wearable Sensor for Measures of Head Kinematics and Calculation of Brain Tissue Strain Journal Article

In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 2–11, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Kuhn, A W; Zuckerman, S L; Solomon, G S; Casson, I R; Viano, D C

Interrelationships Among Neuroimaging Biomarkers, Neuropsychological Test Data, and Symptom Reporting in a Cohort of Retired National Football League Players Journal Article

In: Sports Health, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 30–40, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: chronic impairment, Cognitive function, NATIONAL Football League, neuroimaging, Neuropsychological testing, neuroradiology, Sport-related concussion

@article{Kuhn2017,

title = {Interrelationships Among Neuroimaging Biomarkers, Neuropsychological Test Data, and Symptom Reporting in a Cohort of Retired National Football League Players},

author = {Kuhn, A W and Zuckerman, S L and Solomon, G S and Casson, I R and Viano, D C},

doi = {10.1177/1941738116674006},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Health},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

pages = {30--40},

abstract = {Background: Structural brain changes, potentially resulting from repetitive brain trauma (RBT), have been correlated with neurocognitive decline and increased symptom reporting in retired athletes. Hypothesis: In a cohort of retired National Football League (NFL) players, the relationships between 3 neuroimaging parameters, neuropsychological testing, and symptom scores will be significantly correlated. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 45 retired NFL players. Three neuroanatomical parameters were assessed by board-certified radiologists blinded to the purpose of the study: (1) the absence or presence of small or large cavum septum pellucidum, (2) a global mean score of fractional anisotropy (FA), and (3) the presence or absence of microhemorrhages. The subjects underwent a battery of 9 paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests, a computerized neurocognitive test, and multiple symptom and depression scales. The associations among the neuroimaging results with these outcome measures were assessed utilizing Pearson, Spearman rank, and point-biserial correlations. Results: The 45 subjects (mean age, 46.7 ± 9.1 years) reported a mean 6.9 (±6.2) concussions and 13.0 (±7.9) “dings” in the NFL. Ten (22%) did not have a cavum septum pellucidum, while 32 (71%) had a small and 3 (7%) had a large one. Four (9%) had microhemorrhages. Global FA mean was 0.459 (±0.035). The majority (50.8%) of correlations among the neuroimaging parameters and neurocognitive/symptom scores fell below the threshold of “small” effect size (r \< 0.10). The remaining (49.2%) correlations were between “small” and “medium” effect sizes (0.1 \< r \< 0.3). However, all correlations were statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: There were minimal and statistically nonsignificant correlations among the neuroimaging, neurocognitive, and symptom scores examined in this cohort of NFL retirees. Clinical Relevance: Associating the severity of structural brain changes to neurocognitive performance and symptom burden after RBT is complex may involve other moderating variables or biomarkers, and demands further study. © 2016, © 2016 The Author(s).},

keywords = {chronic impairment, Cognitive function, NATIONAL Football League, neuroimaging, Neuropsychological testing, neuroradiology, Sport-related concussion},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Background: Structural brain changes, potentially resulting from repetitive brain trauma (RBT), have been correlated with neurocognitive decline and increased symptom reporting in retired athletes. Hypothesis: In a cohort of retired National Football League (NFL) players, the relationships between 3 neuroimaging parameters, neuropsychological testing, and symptom scores will be significantly correlated. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 45 retired NFL players. Three neuroanatomical parameters were assessed by board-certified radiologists blinded to the purpose of the study: (1) the absence or presence of small or large cavum septum pellucidum, (2) a global mean score of fractional anisotropy (FA), and (3) the presence or absence of microhemorrhages. The subjects underwent a battery of 9 paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests, a computerized neurocognitive test, and multiple symptom and depression scales. The associations among the neuroimaging results with these outcome measures were assessed utilizing Pearson, Spearman rank, and point-biserial correlations. Results: The 45 subjects (mean age, 46.7 ± 9.1 years) reported a mean 6.9 (±6.2) concussions and 13.0 (±7.9) “dings” in the NFL. Ten (22%) did not have a cavum septum pellucidum, while 32 (71%) had a small and 3 (7%) had a large one. Four (9%) had microhemorrhages. Global FA mean was 0.459 (±0.035). The majority (50.8%) of correlations among the neuroimaging parameters and neurocognitive/symptom scores fell below the threshold of “small” effect size (r < 0.10). The remaining (49.2%) correlations were between “small” and “medium” effect sizes (0.1 < r < 0.3). However, all correlations were statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: There were minimal and statistically nonsignificant correlations among the neuroimaging, neurocognitive, and symptom scores examined in this cohort of NFL retirees. Clinical Relevance: Associating the severity of structural brain changes to neurocognitive performance and symptom burden after RBT is complex may involve other moderating variables or biomarkers, and demands further study. © 2016, © 2016 The Author(s).

Ellis, M J; Ritchie, L J; McDonald, P J; Cordingley, D; Reimer, K; Nijjar, S; Koltek, M; Hosain, S; Johnston, J; Mansouri, B; Sawyer, S; Silver, N; Girardin, R; Larkins, S; Vis, S; Selci, E; Davidson, M; Gregoire, S; Sam, A; Black, B; Bunge, M; Essig, M; MacDonald, P; Leiter, J; Russell, K

Multidisciplinary Management of Pediatric Sports-Related Concussion Journal Article

In: Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 24–34, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Ellis2017a,

title = {Multidisciplinary Management of Pediatric Sports-Related Concussion},

author = {Ellis, M J and Ritchie, L J and McDonald, P J and Cordingley, D and Reimer, K and Nijjar, S and Koltek, M and Hosain, S and Johnston, J and Mansouri, B and Sawyer, S and Silver, N and Girardin, R and Larkins, S and Vis, S and Selci, E and Davidson, M and Gregoire, S and Sam, A and Black, B and Bunge, M and Essig, M and MacDonald, P and Leiter, J and Russell, K},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences},

volume = {44},

number = {1},

pages = {24--34},

abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC) patients who were evaluated and managed at a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program and examine the healthcare resources and personnel required to meet the needs of this patient population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of all pediatric SRC patients referred to the Pan Am Concussion Program from September 1st, 2013 to May 25th, 2015. Initial assessments and diagnoses were carried out by a single neurosurgeon. Return-to-Play decision-making was carried out by the multidisciplinary team. RESULTS: 604 patients, including 423 pediatric SRC patients were evaluated at the Pan Am Concussion Program during the study period. The mean age of study patients was 14.30 years (SD: 2.32, range 7-19 years); 252 (59.57%) were males. Hockey (182; 43.03%) and soccer (60; 14.18%) were the most commonly played sports at the time of injury. Overall, 294 (69.50%) of SRC patients met the clinical criteria for concussion recovery, while 75 (17.73%) were lost to follow-up, and 53 (12.53%) remained in active treatment at the end of the study period. The median duration of symptoms among the 261 acute SRC patients with complete follow-up was 23 days (IQR: 15, 36). Overall, 25.30% of pediatric SRC patients underwent at least one diagnostic imaging test and 32.62% received referral to another member of our multidisciplinary clinical team. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive care of pediatric SRC patients requires access to appropriate diagnostic resources and the multidisciplinary collaboration of experts with national and provincially-recognized training in TBI.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Girardin, R; Ritchie, L; Johnston, J

Migraine with aura or sports-related concussion: Case report, pathophysiology, and multidisciplinary approach to management Journal Article

In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 14–18, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

Clark, J F; Elgendy-Peerman, H T; Divine, J G; Mangine, R E; Hasselfeld, K A; Khoury, J C; Colosimo, A J

Lack of eye discipline during headers in high school girls soccer: A possible mechanism for increased concussion rates Journal Article

In: Medical Hypotheses, vol. 100, pp. 10–14, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Clark2017,

title = {Lack of eye discipline during headers in high school girls soccer: A possible mechanism for increased concussion rates},

author = {Clark, J F and Elgendy-Peerman, H T and Divine, J G and Mangine, R E and Hasselfeld, K A and Khoury, J C and Colosimo, A J},

doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2016.12.016},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Medical Hypotheses},

volume = {100},

pages = {10--14},

abstract = {The sport of soccer is the fastest growing and most popular sport worldwide. With this growth and popularity, attention needs to be given to this athletic population. Sports related concussions is a topic that has gained attention both in the media and by governmental organizations, with growing initiatives in diagnosis, prevention and treatment. The act of soccer heading is thought to contribute to increased concussion incidence. Current evidence reveals that within the high school soccer athletic population, female athletes incur a higher concussion rate than males. This is often attributed to many things including differing cervical spinal musculature, skull thickness, etc., but a definitive reason has not yet been found. Other behaviors, such as field awareness and eye discipline™ on the field of play, may also be contributing factors that result in females incurring a greater concussion rate than males. For the purposes of this paper we define eye discipline™ as the ability to keep the eyes engaged in sporting activity with high risk potential. We present our hypothesis that high school female soccer players are more likely to have their eyes closed when in position for heading the ball as compared to high school male soccer players and this lack of visual awareness may increase the risk of concussion. Should these differences be substantiated between males and females, it may initiate and promote discussion of the need for vision training in the high school athletic setting. As a tool for injury prevention, vision training may improve specific visual parameters improving athletes’ abilities to process the field of play and prepare for or avoid injury causing situations. Through ocular motor and visual conditioning, an athlete may become more eye disciplined™, and more likely to have their eyes open during heading of the ball, and more likely to avoid concussions. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Alosco, M L; Jarnagin, J; Tripodis, Y; Platt, M; Martin, B; Chaisson, C E; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A

Olfactory Function and Associated Clinical Correlates in Former National Football League Players Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 772–780, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Alosco2017,

title = {Olfactory Function and Associated Clinical Correlates in Former National Football League Players},

author = {Alosco, M L and Jarnagin, J and Tripodis, Y and Platt, M and Martin, B and Chaisson, C E and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {772--780},

abstract = {Professional American football players incur thousands of repetitive head impacts (RHIs) throughout their lifetime. The long-term consequences of RHI are not well characterized, but may include olfactory dysfunction. RHI has been associated with changes to brain regions involved in olfaction, and olfactory impairment is common after traumatic brain injury. Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent early sequelae of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), and RHI is associated with the neurodegenerative disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). We examined olfaction, and its association with clinical measures, in former National Football League (NFL) players. Ninety-five former NFL players (ages 40-69) and 28 same-age controls completed a neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric evaluation as part of a National Institutes of Health-funded study. The Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) assessed olfaction. Principal component analysis generated a four-factor structure of the clinical measures: behavioral/mood, psychomotor speed/executive function, and verbal and visual memory. Former NFL players had worse B-SIT scores relative to controls (p=0.0096). A B-SIT cutoff of 11 had the greatest accuracy (c-statistic=0.61) and specificity (79%) for discriminating former NFL players from controls. In the former NFL players, lower B-SIT scores correlated with greater behavioral/mood impairment (p=0.0254) and worse psychomotor speed/executive functioning (p=0.0464) after controlling for age and education. Former NFL players exhibited lower olfactory test scores relative to controls, and poorer olfactory test performance was associated with worse neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric functioning. Future work that uses more-comprehensive tests of olfaction and structural and functioning neuroimaging may improve understanding on the association between RHI and olfaction.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Gregory, E; West, T A; Cole, W R; Bailie, J M; McCulloch, K L; Ettenhofer, M L; Cecchini, A; Qashu, F M

Use of a multi-level mixed methods approach to study the effectiveness of a primary care progressive return to activity protocol after acute mild traumatic brain injury/concussion in the military Journal Article

In: Contemporary Clinical Trials, vol. 52, pp. 95–100, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Gregory2017,

title = {Use of a multi-level mixed methods approach to study the effectiveness of a primary care progressive return to activity protocol after acute mild traumatic brain injury/concussion in the military},

author = {Gregory, E and West, T A and Cole, W R and Bailie, J M and McCulloch, K L and Ettenhofer, M L and Cecchini, A and Qashu, F M},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Contemporary Clinical Trials},

volume = {52},

pages = {95--100},

abstract = {The large number of U.S. service members diagnosed with concussion/mild traumatic brain injury each year underscores the necessity for clear and effective clinical guidance for managing concussion. Relevant research continues to emerge supporting a gradual return to pre-injury activity levels without aggravating symptoms; however, available guidance does not provide detailed standards for this return to activity process. To fill this gap, the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center released a recommendation for primary care providers detailing a step-wise return to unrestricted activity during the acute phase of concussion. This guidance was developed in collaboration with an interdisciplinary group of clinical, military, and academic subject matter experts using an evidence-based approach. Systematic evaluation of the guidance is critical to ensure positive patient outcomes, to discover barriers to implementation by providers, and to identify ways to improve the recommendation. Here we describe a multi-level, mixed-methods approach to evaluate the recommendation incorporating outcomes from both patients and providers. Procedures were developed to implement the study within complex but ecologically-valid settings at multiple military treatment facilities and operational medical units. Special consideration was given to anticipated challenges such as the frequent movement of military personnel, selection of appropriate design and measures, study implementation at multiple sites, and involvement of multiple service branches (Army, Navy, and Marine Corps). We conclude by emphasizing the need to consider contemporary approaches for evaluating the effectiveness of clinical guidance.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

King, D; Hume, P; Gissane, C; Clark, T

Head impacts in a junior rugby league team measured with a wireless head impact sensor: an exploratory analysis Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 13–23, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Zusman, E E; Zopfi, P; Kuluva, J; Zuckerman, S

Can Ideas From United States Youth Sports Reduce Judo-Related Head Injuries in Japan? Journal Article

In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 97, pp. 725–727, 2017.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, head injury, judo, Secondary impact syndrome, Soccer, traumatic brain injury, Youth sports

Bailey, D M; Clark, J F; Myer, G D; Fisher, J A; Swenson, E R; Stacey, B S; Smith, J A; Owens, T S; Bailey, D M

Commentaries on Viewpoint: "Tighter fit" theory-physiologists explain why "higher altitude" and jugular occlusion are unlikely to reduce risks for sports concussion and brain injuries Journal Article

In: Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 122, no. 1, pp. 218–220, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

Black, A M; Sergio, L E; Macpherson, A K

The Epidemiology of Concussions: Number and Nature of Concussions and Time to Recovery Among Female and Male Canadian Varsity Athletes 2008 to 2011 Journal Article

In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 52–56, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Black2017,

title = {The Epidemiology of Concussions: Number and Nature of Concussions and Time to Recovery Among Female and Male Canadian Varsity Athletes 2008 to 2011},

author = {Black, A M and Sergio, L E and Macpherson, A K},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},

volume = {27},

number = {1},

pages = {52--56},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To provide incidence rates and days to symptom resolution and cognitive recovery stratified by sex and sport at a Canadian institution. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart analysis. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred fifty-nine varsity level athletes competing in men's football, men's and women's soccer, men's and women's volleyball, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's ice hockey, women's field hockey, women's rugby, men's and women's tennis, men's and women's water polo, men's and women's swimming, badminton, cross-country, and track and field in the 2008 to 2009 season through the 2010 to 2011 season. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of concussion, days to symptom recovery, and days to cognitive recovery as measured by clinical interpretation using the sports concussion assessment tool (SCAT)/SCAT2 and Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) with baseline and follow-up data. RESULTS: A total of 81 concussions were reported and diagnosed among 759 athletes. Significantly, more female athletes were concussed than male athletes (13.08%-7.53%, respectively; P = 0.014) with the highest rates in women's rugby [incidence density (ID) = 20.00 concussions per athlete-season], women's ice hockey (ID = 18.67 per athlete-season), and men's basketball (ID = 20.00 per athlete-season). Sex differences in symptom recovery and cognitive recovery were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of concussion across multiple sports in a Canadian varsity athlete population is of concern. There are inconsistencies found between the time an athlete claims to have no symptoms and the time of neurocognitive recovery as measured by computerized neurocognitive testing. Therefore, objective computerized testing is recommended to ensure that athletes are functionally recovered before return to play.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Asken, B M; Snyder, A R; Smith, M S; Zaremski, J L; Bauer, R M

Concussion-like symptom reporting in non-concussed adolescent athletes Journal Article

In: Clinical Neuropsychologist, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 138–153, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, biopsychosocial, Brain Injury, high school, Sport-related concussion

@article{Asken2017,

title = {Concussion-like symptom reporting in non-concussed adolescent athletes},

author = {Asken, B M and Snyder, A R and Smith, M S and Zaremski, J L and Bauer, R M},

doi = {10.1080/13854046.2016.1246672},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Clinical Neuropsychologist},

volume = {31},

number = {1},

pages = {138--153},

abstract = {Objective: The primary goals of this study were (1) to report rates of concussion-like symptoms in healthy adolescent student athletes assessed using the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) at baseline, (2) to examine rates of psychiatric diagnoses in this population, and (3) to evaluate effects of baseline symptoms on SCAT3 cognitive and balance performance. Methods: 349 adolescent student athletes (245 male) were administered the SCAT3 during pre-participation physical examinations. We described the prevalence rate of student athletes meeting criteria for International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, post-concussional syndrome (ICD-10 PCS) diagnosis at baseline, and evaluated associations between symptom reporting and demographic/medical history factors using chi-square tests. Rates of self-reported psychiatric diagnosis were compared to general population estimates with one-sample binomial tests. We also compared SCAT3 cognitive and balance performance between adolescents with and without baseline ICD-10 PCS symptoms. Results: Overall, 20.3% of participants met ICD-10 PCS criteria at baseline. Rates were similar across sexes and age groups. We found no statistical association with medical history factors. The proportion of student athletes reporting a history of psychiatric diagnosis (5.2%) was significantly lower than general population estimates (14.0%; p \<.001), and this effect was consistent across sexes and age groups. SCAT3 cognitive and balance performance did not differ based on baseline symptom reporting. Conclusions: Healthy adolescent student athletes frequently report concussion-like symptoms at baseline. Clinicians should factor pre-injury symptomatology and medical history into concussion management when determining symptom etiology throughout the course of recovery. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor \& Francis Group.},

keywords = {Adolescent, biopsychosocial, Brain Injury, high school, Sport-related concussion},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Bendlin, B B; Makdissi, M

Blood-based biomarkers for evaluating sport-related concussion: Back in the game Journal Article

In: Neurology, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 512–513, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

Hespanhol Junior, L C; van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E

Health and Economic Burden of Running-Related Injuries in Dutch Trailrunners: A Prospective Cohort Study Journal Article

In: Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 367–377, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{HespanholJunior2017,

title = {Health and Economic Burden of Running-Related Injuries in Dutch Trailrunners: A Prospective Cohort Study},

author = {{Hespanhol Junior}, L C and van Mechelen, W and Verhagen, E},

doi = {10.1007/s40279-016-0551-8},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Medicine},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {367--377},

abstract = {Background: Trailrunning is becoming very popular. However, the risk and burden of running-related injuries (RRI) in trailrunning is not well established. Objective: To investigate the prevalence, injury rate, severity, nature, and economic burden of RRIs in Dutch trailrunners. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 228 trailrunners aged 18 years or over (range 23\textendash67), and was conducted between October 2013 and December 2014. After completing the baseline questionnaire, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems was administered every 2 weeks to collect data on RRIs. Participants who reported RRIs were asked about healthcare utilization (direct costs) and absenteeism from paid work (indirect costs). RRI was defined as disorders of the musculoskeletal system or concussions experienced or sustained during participation in running. Results: The mean prevalence of RRIs measured over time was 22.4 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 20.9\textendash24.0], and the injury rate was 10.7 RRIs per 1000 h of running (95 % CI 9.4\textendash12.1). The prevalence was higher for overuse (17.7 %; 95 % CI 15.9\textendash19.5) than for acute (4.1 %; 95 % CI 3.3\textendash5.0) RRIs. Also, the injury rate was higher for overuse (8.1; 95 % CI 6.9\textendash9.3) than for acute (2.7; 95 % CI 2.0\textendash3.4) RRIs. The median of the severity score was 35.0 [25\textendash75 %, interquartile range (IQR) 22.0\textendash55.7], and the median of the duration of RRIs was 2.0 weeks (IQR 2.0\textendash6.0) during the study. The total economic burden of RRIs was estimated at €172.22 (95 % CI 117.10\textendash271.74) per RRI, and €1849.49 (95 % CI 1180.62\textendash3058.91) per 1000 h of running. An RRI was estimated to have a direct cost of €60.92 (95 % CI 45.11\textendash94.90) and an indirect cost of €111.30 (95 % CI 61.02\textendash192.75). Conclusions: The health and economic burden of RRIs presented in this study are significant for trailrunners and for society. Therefore, efforts should be made in order to prevent RRIs in trailrunners. © 2016, The Author(s).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Background: Trailrunning is becoming very popular. However, the risk and burden of running-related injuries (RRI) in trailrunning is not well established. Objective: To investigate the prevalence, injury rate, severity, nature, and economic burden of RRIs in Dutch trailrunners. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 228 trailrunners aged 18 years or over (range 23–67), and was conducted between October 2013 and December 2014. After completing the baseline questionnaire, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems was administered every 2 weeks to collect data on RRIs. Participants who reported RRIs were asked about healthcare utilization (direct costs) and absenteeism from paid work (indirect costs). RRI was defined as disorders of the musculoskeletal system or concussions experienced or sustained during participation in running. Results: The mean prevalence of RRIs measured over time was 22.4 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 20.9–24.0], and the injury rate was 10.7 RRIs per 1000 h of running (95 % CI 9.4–12.1). The prevalence was higher for overuse (17.7 %; 95 % CI 15.9–19.5) than for acute (4.1 %; 95 % CI 3.3–5.0) RRIs. Also, the injury rate was higher for overuse (8.1; 95 % CI 6.9–9.3) than for acute (2.7; 95 % CI 2.0–3.4) RRIs. The median of the severity score was 35.0 [25–75 %, interquartile range (IQR) 22.0–55.7], and the median of the duration of RRIs was 2.0 weeks (IQR 2.0–6.0) during the study. The total economic burden of RRIs was estimated at €172.22 (95 % CI 117.10–271.74) per RRI, and €1849.49 (95 % CI 1180.62–3058.91) per 1000 h of running. An RRI was estimated to have a direct cost of €60.92 (95 % CI 45.11–94.90) and an indirect cost of €111.30 (95 % CI 61.02–192.75). Conclusions: The health and economic burden of RRIs presented in this study are significant for trailrunners and for society. Therefore, efforts should be made in order to prevent RRIs in trailrunners. © 2016, The Author(s).

Wise, J

Heading football is related to concussion symptoms, study finds Journal Article

In: BMJ, vol. 356, pp. j569, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

Hardy, Richard; Jordan, Torri; Wolf, Allison; Johnson, Matteus; Brand, Jefferson

Concussions and Their Effects on Performance Measures of Major League Soccer Players: A Teaching Tool for Physical Education Teachers Journal Article

In: Physical Educator, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 150–163, 2017, ISBN: 00318981.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Career development, CONTROL groups (Research), Performance evaluation, Physical education teachers, SOCCER players

@article{Hardy2017,

title = {Concussions and Their Effects on Performance Measures of Major League Soccer Players: A Teaching Tool for Physical Education Teachers},

author = {Hardy, Richard and Jordan, Torri and Wolf, Allison and Johnson, Matteus and Brand, Jefferson},

doi = {10.18666/TPE-2017-V74-I1-6830},

isbn = {00318981},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Physical Educator},

volume = {74},

number = {1},

pages = {150--163},

publisher = {Sagamore Publishing},

abstract = {Concussions are a brain injury that affects the athlete on and off the playing field. The aim of our investigation was to give PE teachers another strategy to use in addition to the recommended approaches set forth by national organizations to convey the message to adolescents regarding the negative effects of concussion. Using the website www.mlssoccer.com, we evaluated the performance measures of MLS players. We compared career performance measures of a control group to the career performance measures of a concussed group, compared career performance measures per position, and compared career performance measures occurring prior to concussion onset to performance measures obtained after concussion occurrence for the concussed group. Of the 2,214 listed players, 288 were eligible for the study. From our sample, 34% sustained a concussion while competing in MLS and 66% were placed in the control group (nonconcussed). In a comparison of the control to the concussed group, total number of shots decreased per season for the concussed group. When the performance measures of both groups were compared by position, midfielders had fewer shots per season, and total shots on goal per season had a trend toward statistical significance. In the comparison of games measures before and after concussion, the total number of seasons and the average games played, total minutes, and shots on goal all decreased per season after concussion occurrence. Concussions negatively affected performance measures of MLS players. PE teachers can use this data to engage with their students about the importance of preventing concussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},

keywords = {Career development, CONTROL groups (Research), Performance evaluation, Physical education teachers, SOCCER players},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Effgen, G B; Morrison 3rd, B

Memantine Reduced Cell Death, Astrogliosis, and Functional Deficits in an in vitro Model of Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 934–942, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Reider, Bruce

Activating the Omega 13 Journal Article

In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 275–277, 2017, ISBN: 03635465.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACL tear, Concussion, female athlete triad, football, Injury prevention, rugby, Soccer

Baugh, C M; Kroshus, E; Kiernan, P T; Mendel, D; Meehan 3rd, W P

Football Players' Perceptions of Future Risk of Concussion and Concussion-Related Health Outcomes Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 790–797, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Baugh2017,

title = {Football Players' Perceptions of Future Risk of Concussion and Concussion-Related Health Outcomes},

author = {Baugh, C M and Kroshus, E and Kiernan, P T and Mendel, D and {Meehan 3rd}, W P},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {790--797},

abstract = {Concussion is increasingly recognized as a risk of participation in contact and collision sports. There have been few examinations of athletes' perceptions of their susceptibility to concussion or concussion-related health consequences. We examine college football players' perceptions of their risk of sustaining a concussion and concussion-related health consequences in their future, whether these perceptions change over time, and how concussion history is related to perceived future risk of concussion and concussion-related health consequences. A survey was administered to National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Championship Series athletes on 10 teams in 2013 and to nine of those teams in 2014. Athletes answered questions assessing their perceptions of concussion and potential concussion-related health consequences. Approximately 40% of athletes believed there was a strong possibility that they would sustain a concussion in the future, while approximately one-in-four thought a concussion would make them miss a few games. About one-in-10 athletes predicted dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or chronic traumatic encephalopathy would develop from concussions. These beliefs were stronger among athletes who had sustained previous concussions. Across the two years studied, athletes' perceptions of the risk of concussion and missing a few games because of concussion decreased significantly. Overall, a substantial proportion of college football players believe they will have long-term health consequences as a result of sustaining sport-related concussions. The true incidence and prevalence of many of these outcomes are unknown. Further research is needed to determine whether athletes have an accurate perception of the risks of these outcomes developing.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Grabowski, P; Wilson, J; Walker, A; Enz, D; Wang, S

Multimodal impairment-based physical therapy for the treatment of patients with post-concussion syndrome: A retrospective analysis on safety and feasibility Journal Article

In: Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 23, pp. 22–30, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Cardiovascular exercise, Concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, Physical therapy

@article{Grabowski2017,

title = {Multimodal impairment-based physical therapy for the treatment of patients with post-concussion syndrome: A retrospective analysis on safety and feasibility},

author = {Grabowski, P and Wilson, J and Walker, A and Enz, D and Wang, S},

doi = {10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.06.001},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Physical Therapy in Sport},

volume = {23},

pages = {22--30},

abstract = {Objective Demonstrate implementation, safety and feasibility of multimodal, impairment-based physical therapy (PT) combining vestibular/oculomotor and cervical rehabilitation with sub-symptom threshold exercise for the treatment of patients with post-concussion syndrome (PCS). Setting University hospital outpatient sports medicine facility. Participants Twenty-five patients (12\textendash20 years old) meeting World Health Organization criteria for PCS following sport-related concussion referred for supervised PT consisting of sub-symptom cardiovascular exercise, vestibular/oculomotor and cervical spine rehabilitation. Design Retrospective cohort. Main measures Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) total score, maximum symptom-free heart rate (SFHR) during graded exercise testing (GXT), GXT duration, balance error scoring system (BESS) score, and number of adverse events. Results Patients demonstrated a statistically significant decreasing trend (p \< 0.01) for total PCSS scores (pre-PT M = 18.2 (SD = 14.2), post-PT M = 9.1 (SD = 10.8), n = 25). Maximum SFHR achieved on GXT increased 23% (p \< 0.01, n = 14), and BESS errors decreased 52% (p \< 0.01, n = 13). Two patients reported mild symptom exacerbation with aerobic exercise at home, attenuated by adjustment of the home exercise program. Conclusions Multimodal, impairment-based PT is safe and associated with diminishing PCS symptoms. This establishes feasibility for future clinical trials to determine viable treatment approaches to reduce symptoms and improve function while avoiding negative repercussions of physical inactivity and premature return to full activity. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {Cardiovascular exercise, Concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, Physical therapy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

7841 entries « ‹ 2 of 157 › »

Reference Search

7841 entries « ‹ 2 of 393 › »

21.

Vestberg, Torbjörn; Reinebo, Gustaf; Maurex, Liselotte; Ingvar, Martin; Petrovic, Predrag

Core executive functions are associated with success in young elite soccer players Journal Article

In: PLoS ONE, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1–13, 2017, ISBN: 19326203.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Vestberg2017,

title = {Core executive functions are associated with success in young elite soccer players},

author = {Vestberg, Torbj\"{o}rn and Reinebo, Gustaf and Maurex, Liselotte and Ingvar, Martin and Petrovic, Predrag},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0170845},

isbn = {19326203},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {12},

number = {2},

pages = {1--13},

publisher = {Public Library of Science},

abstract = {Physical capacity and coordination cannot alone predict success in team sports such as soccer. Instead, more focus has been directed towards the importance of cognitive abilities, and it has been suggested that executive functions (EF) are fundamentally important for success in soccer. However, executive functions are going through a steep development from adolescence to adulthood. Moreover, more complex EF involving manipulation of information (higher level EF) develop later than simple executive functions such as those linked to simple working memory capacity (Core EF). The link between EF and success in young soccer players is therefore not obvious. In the present study we investigated whether EF are associated with success in soccer in young elite soccer players. We performed tests measuring core EF (a demanding working memory task involving a variable n-back task; dWM) and higher level EF (Design Fluency test; DF). Color-Word Interference Test and Trail Making Test were performed on an exploratory level as they contain a linguistic element. The lower level EF test (dWM) was taken from CogStateSport computerized concussion testing and the higher level EF test (DF) was from Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System test battery (D-KEFS). In a group of young elite soccer players (n = 30; aged 12\textendash19 years) we show that they perform better than the norm in both the dWM (+0.49 SD) and DF (+0.86 SD). Moreover, we could show that both dWM and DF correlate with the number of goals the players perform during the season. The effect was more prominent for dWM (r = 0.437) than for DF (r = 0.349), but strongest for a combined measurement (r = 0.550). The effect was still present when we controlled for intelligence, length and age in a partial correlation analysis. Thus, our study suggests that both core and higher level EF may predict success in soccer also in young players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

22.

Neal, T; McKeon, P O

Ethical issues in concussion management Journal Article

In: International Journal of Athletic Therapy & Training, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 24–32, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

23.

Weise, K K; Swanson, M W; Penix, K; Hale, M H; Ferguson, D

King-Devick and Pre-season Visual Function in Adolescent Athletes Journal Article

In: Optometry and Vision Science, vol. 94, no. 1, pp. 89–95, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Weise2017,

title = {King-Devick and Pre-season Visual Function in Adolescent Athletes},

author = {Weise, K K and Swanson, M W and Penix, K and Hale, M H and Ferguson, D},

doi = {10.1097/OPX.0000000000000938},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Optometry and Vision Science},

volume = {94},

number = {1},

pages = {89--95},

abstract = {Purpose The King-Devick test (KD) has been studied as a remove-from-play sideline test in college-age athletes and older; however, studies in younger athletes are limited. A cross-sectional study of the KD and other vision correlates was completed on school-aged athletes during pre-season physicals for a variety of sports to determine the repeatability of the KD. The study also evaluated how convergence, alignment, or pupil function contributed to a slower King-Devick baseline reading. Methods Seven hundred eighty-five athletes underwent vision screenings in a hospital or school setting by trained/certified staff as part of pre-season physicals. Six hundred nineteen had KD testing completed per the manufacturer's suggested protocol and repeated. Other baseline vision testing included visual acuity, Modified Thorington testing for alignment, convergence testing, and pupil function using the NeurOptics (NPI-200) NPi. Results The mean fastest, error-minimized KD time for all participants was 43.9 seconds(s) (SD ± 11.6, range 24-120). Median KD time got faster (+) with age (p \< 0.0001). The inter-class correlation coefficient for all scores was 0.92. The absolute mean time difference for any two tests was 3.5 s (SD ± 2.5, range 0-23). There was no association between the best KD time and reduced NPC (p = 0.63), Modified Thorington measure of alignment (p = 0.55), or NPi pupil function (p = 0.79). The Bland Altman repeated measure limits of agreement was ±6.5 seconds for those in the 10th to12th grades, and ±10.2 seconds for those in the 6th to 9th grades. Conclusions King-Devick score in junior high and high school athletes is variable but gets faster and more repeatable with increasing age. The KD does not correlate significantly with reduced convergence, alignment, or pupil function. Based on grouped data, a slowing of 10 seconds for younger athletes and 6 seconds for older athletes on a second administration represents a true difference in testing speed. Within-player variability should be considered when removal-from-play decisions are influenced by KD results. © 2016 American Academy of Optometry.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Purpose The King-Devick test (KD) has been studied as a remove-from-play sideline test in college-age athletes and older; however, studies in younger athletes are limited. A cross-sectional study of the KD and other vision correlates was completed on school-aged athletes during pre-season physicals for a variety of sports to determine the repeatability of the KD. The study also evaluated how convergence, alignment, or pupil function contributed to a slower King-Devick baseline reading. Methods Seven hundred eighty-five athletes underwent vision screenings in a hospital or school setting by trained/certified staff as part of pre-season physicals. Six hundred nineteen had KD testing completed per the manufacturer's suggested protocol and repeated. Other baseline vision testing included visual acuity, Modified Thorington testing for alignment, convergence testing, and pupil function using the NeurOptics (NPI-200) NPi. Results The mean fastest, error-minimized KD time for all participants was 43.9 seconds(s) (SD ± 11.6, range 24-120). Median KD time got faster (+) with age (p < 0.0001). The inter-class correlation coefficient for all scores was 0.92. The absolute mean time difference for any two tests was 3.5 s (SD ± 2.5, range 0-23). There was no association between the best KD time and reduced NPC (p = 0.63), Modified Thorington measure of alignment (p = 0.55), or NPi pupil function (p = 0.79). The Bland Altman repeated measure limits of agreement was ±6.5 seconds for those in the 10th to12th grades, and ±10.2 seconds for those in the 6th to 9th grades. Conclusions King-Devick score in junior high and high school athletes is variable but gets faster and more repeatable with increasing age. The KD does not correlate significantly with reduced convergence, alignment, or pupil function. Based on grouped data, a slowing of 10 seconds for younger athletes and 6 seconds for older athletes on a second administration represents a true difference in testing speed. Within-player variability should be considered when removal-from-play decisions are influenced by KD results. © 2016 American Academy of Optometry.

24.

Gardner, A J; Kohler, R M N; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L

Usefulness of Video Review of Possible Concussions in National Youth Rugby League Journal Article

In: International Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 71–75, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

25.

Dickson, T J; Trathen, S; Terwiel, F A; Waddington, G; Adams, R

Head injury trends and helmet use in skiers and snowboarders in Western Canada, 2008-2009 to 2012-2013: an ecological study Journal Article

In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 236–244, 2017, ISBN: 09057188.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

26.

Conley, Quincy; Savenye, Willi

Brainbook: An Impact Study of a Statewide Concussion Awareness Training for High School Athletes Journal Article

In: Performance Improvement, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 28–36, 2017, ISBN: 10908811.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

27.

Roberts, Simon P; Trewartha, Grant; England, Michael; Goodison, William; Stokes, Keith A

Concussions and Head Injuries in English Community Rugby Union Match Play Journal Article

In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 480–487, 2017, ISBN: 03635465.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Roberts2017,

title = {Concussions and Head Injuries in English Community Rugby Union Match Play},

author = {Roberts, Simon P and Trewartha, Grant and England, Michael and Goodison, William and Stokes, Keith A},

doi = {10.1177/0363546516668296},

isbn = {03635465},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Sports Medicine},

volume = {45},

number = {2},

pages = {480--487},

abstract = {Background: Previous research has described general injury patterns in community-level rugby union, but specific information on time-loss head injuries has not been reported. Purpose: To establish the incidence and nature of significant time-loss head injuries in English community rugby match play, and to identify the injury risk for specific contact events. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Over 6 seasons, injury information was collected from 46 (2009-2010), 67 (2010-2011), 76 (2011-2012), 50 (2012-2013), 67 (2013-2014), and 58 (2014-2015) English community rugby clubs (Rugby Football Union levels 3-9) over a total of 175,940 hours of player match exposure. Club injury management staff reported information for all head injuries sustained during match play whereby the player was absent for 8 days or greater. Clubs were subdivided into semiprofessional (mean player age, 24.6 ± 4.7 years), amateur (24.9 ± 5.1 years), and recreational (25.6 ± 6.1 years) playing levels. Contact events from a sample of 30 matches filmed over seasons 2009-2010, 2010-2011, and 2011-2012 provided mean values for the frequency of contact events. Results: The overall incidence for time-loss head injuries was 2.43 injuries per 1000 player match hours, with a higher incidence for the amateur (2.78; 95% CI, 2.37-3.20) compared with recreational (2.20; 95% CI, 1.86-2.53) (P = .032) playing level but not different to the semiprofessional (2.31; 95% CI, 1.83-2.79) playing level. Concussion was the most common time-loss head injury, with 1.46 per 1000 player match hours. The tackle event was associated with 64% of all head injuries and 74% of all concussions. There was also a higher risk of injuries per tackle (0.33 per 1000 events; 95% CI, 0.30-0.37) compared with all other contact events. Conclusion: Concussion was the most common head injury diagnosis, although it is likely that this injury was underreported. Continuing education programs for medical staff and players are essential for the improved identification and management of these injuries. With the majority of head injuries occurring during a tackle, an improved technique in this contact event through coach and player education may be effective in reducing these injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR].},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Background: Previous research has described general injury patterns in community-level rugby union, but specific information on time-loss head injuries has not been reported. Purpose: To establish the incidence and nature of significant time-loss head injuries in English community rugby match play, and to identify the injury risk for specific contact events. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Over 6 seasons, injury information was collected from 46 (2009-2010), 67 (2010-2011), 76 (2011-2012), 50 (2012-2013), 67 (2013-2014), and 58 (2014-2015) English community rugby clubs (Rugby Football Union levels 3-9) over a total of 175,940 hours of player match exposure. Club injury management staff reported information for all head injuries sustained during match play whereby the player was absent for 8 days or greater. Clubs were subdivided into semiprofessional (mean player age, 24.6 ± 4.7 years), amateur (24.9 ± 5.1 years), and recreational (25.6 ± 6.1 years) playing levels. Contact events from a sample of 30 matches filmed over seasons 2009-2010, 2010-2011, and 2011-2012 provided mean values for the frequency of contact events. Results: The overall incidence for time-loss head injuries was 2.43 injuries per 1000 player match hours, with a higher incidence for the amateur (2.78; 95% CI, 2.37-3.20) compared with recreational (2.20; 95% CI, 1.86-2.53) (P = .032) playing level but not different to the semiprofessional (2.31; 95% CI, 1.83-2.79) playing level. Concussion was the most common time-loss head injury, with 1.46 per 1000 player match hours. The tackle event was associated with 64% of all head injuries and 74% of all concussions. There was also a higher risk of injuries per tackle (0.33 per 1000 events; 95% CI, 0.30-0.37) compared with all other contact events. Conclusion: Concussion was the most common head injury diagnosis, although it is likely that this injury was underreported. Continuing education programs for medical staff and players are essential for the improved identification and management of these injuries. With the majority of head injuries occurring during a tackle, an improved technique in this contact event through coach and player education may be effective in reducing these injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR].

28.

Collins-Praino, L E; Corrigan, F

Does neuroinflammation drive the relationship between tau hyperphosphorylation and dementia development following traumatic brain injury? Journal Article

In: Brain, Behavior, & Immunity, vol. 60, pp. 369–382, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX

@article{Collins-Praino2017,

title = {Does neuroinflammation drive the relationship between tau hyperphosphorylation and dementia development following traumatic brain injury?},

author = {Collins-Praino, L E and Corrigan, F},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain, Behavior, \& Immunity},

volume = {60},

pages = {369--382},

abstract = {A history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked to an increased risk for the later development of dementia. This encompasses a variety of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), with AD linked to history of moderate-severe TBI and CTE to a history of repeated concussion. Of note, both AD and CTE are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates, which are thought to play an important role in the development of neurodegeneration. Hyperphosphorylation of tau leads to destabilization of microtubules, interrupting axonal transport, whilst tau aggregates are associated with synaptic dysfunction. The exact mechanisms via which TBI may promote the later tauopathy and its role in the later development of dementia are yet to be fully determined. Following TBI, it is proposed that axonal injury may provide the initial perturbation of tau, by promoting its dissociation from microtubules, facilitating its phosphorylation and aggregation. Altered tau dynamics may then be exacerbated by the chronic persistent inflammatory response that has been shown to persist for decades following the initial impact. Importantly, immune activation has been shown to play a role in accelerating disease progression in other tauopathies, with pro-inflammatory cytokines, like IL-1beta, shown to activate kinases that promote tau hyperphosphorylation. Thus, targeting the inflammatory response in the sub-acute phase following TBI may represent a promising target to halt the alterations in tau dynamics that may precede overt neurodegeneration and later development of dementia. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

29.

Fuller, C W; Fuller, G W; Kemp, S P; Raftery, M

Evaluation of World Rugby's concussion management process: results from Rugby World Cup 2015 Journal Article

In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 64–69, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX

@article{Fuller2017,

title = {Evaluation of World Rugby's concussion management process: results from Rugby World Cup 2015},

author = {Fuller, C W and Fuller, G W and Kemp, S P and Raftery, M},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},

volume = {51},

number = {1},

pages = {64--69},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate World Rugby's concussion management process during Rugby World Cup (RWC) 2015. DESIGN: A prospective, whole population study. POPULATION: 639 international rugby players representing 20 countries. METHOD: The concussion management process consisted of 3 time-based, multifaceted stages: an initial on-pitch and/or pitch-side assessment of the injury, a follow-up assessment within 3 hours and an assessment at 36-48 hours. The initial on-pitch assessment targeted obvious signs of concussion, which, if identified, lead to a 'permanent removal from play' decision and a diagnosis of concussion. If the on-pitch diagnosis was unclear, a 10-min off-pitch assessment was undertaken for signs and symptoms of concussion leading to a 'suspected concussion with permanent removal from play' or a 'no indication of concussion with return to play' decision. Evaluations at 3 and 36-48 hours postmatch lead to diagnoses of 'confirmed concussion' or 'no concussion'. Medical staff's decision-making was supported during each stage by real-time video review of events. Players diagnosed with confirmed concussion followed a 5-stage graduated-return-to-play protocol before being allowed to return to training and/or competition. RESULTS: Players were evaluated for concussion on 49 occasions, of which 24 resulted in diagnoses of concussion. Fourteen players showing on-pitch signs of concussion were permanently removed from play: 4 of the 5 players removed from play following off-pitch medical room evaluation were later diagnosed with a confirmed concussion. Five players not exhibiting in-match signs or symptoms of concussion were later diagnosed with concussion. The overall incidence of concussion during RWC 2015 was 12.5 concussions/1000 player-match-hours. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the implementation of a multimodal, multitime-based concussion evaluation process to ensure that immediate and late developing concussions are captured.Copyright Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate World Rugby's concussion management process during Rugby World Cup (RWC) 2015. DESIGN: A prospective, whole population study. POPULATION: 639 international rugby players representing 20 countries. METHOD: The concussion management process consisted of 3 time-based, multifaceted stages: an initial on-pitch and/or pitch-side assessment of the injury, a follow-up assessment within 3 hours and an assessment at 36-48 hours. The initial on-pitch assessment targeted obvious signs of concussion, which, if identified, lead to a 'permanent removal from play' decision and a diagnosis of concussion. If the on-pitch diagnosis was unclear, a 10-min off-pitch assessment was undertaken for signs and symptoms of concussion leading to a 'suspected concussion with permanent removal from play' or a 'no indication of concussion with return to play' decision. Evaluations at 3 and 36-48 hours postmatch lead to diagnoses of 'confirmed concussion' or 'no concussion'. Medical staff's decision-making was supported during each stage by real-time video review of events. Players diagnosed with confirmed concussion followed a 5-stage graduated-return-to-play protocol before being allowed to return to training and/or competition. RESULTS: Players were evaluated for concussion on 49 occasions, of which 24 resulted in diagnoses of concussion. Fourteen players showing on-pitch signs of concussion were permanently removed from play: 4 of the 5 players removed from play following off-pitch medical room evaluation were later diagnosed with a confirmed concussion. Five players not exhibiting in-match signs or symptoms of concussion were later diagnosed with concussion. The overall incidence of concussion during RWC 2015 was 12.5 concussions/1000 player-match-hours. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the implementation of a multimodal, multitime-based concussion evaluation process to ensure that immediate and late developing concussions are captured.Copyright Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

30.

Smoliga, J M; Zavorsky, G S

"Tighter fit" theory-physiologists explain why "higher altitude" and jugular occlusion are unlikely to reduce risks for sports concussion and brain injuries Journal Article

In: Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 122, no. 1, pp. 215–217, 2017.

BibTeX

31.

Wojtowicz, M; Iverson, G L; Silverberg, N D; Mannix, R; Zafonte, R; Maxwell, B; Berkner, P D

Consistency of Self-Reported Concussion History in Adolescent Athletes Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 322–327, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Wojtowicz2017,

title = {Consistency of Self-Reported Concussion History in Adolescent Athletes},

author = {Wojtowicz, M and Iverson, G L and Silverberg, N D and Mannix, R and Zafonte, R and Maxwell, B and Berkner, P D},

doi = {10.1089/neu.2016.4412},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {2},

pages = {322--327},

abstract = {Relying on self-reported concussion injury history is common in both clinical care and research. However, young athletes may not provide consistent medical information. To date, little is known about the reliability of self-reported concussion history in high school students. This study examined whether student athletes reported their lifetime history of concussions consistently over time. Self-reported concussion history was examined in 4792 student athletes (ages 13-18) from Maine who completed a preseason health survey on two occasions (median re-test interval = 23.7 months; standard deviation = 7.3; interquartile range = 12.4-24.5). Consistency of self-reported concussion history was determined by differences in the number of concussions reported during the second survey. Inconsistent concussion history was defined primarily by a decrease in the number of lifetime concussions reported at the second testing, compared with at the first testing. The majority of the sample (80.3%) reported no change in the number of concussions between the two baseline assessments. A minority (15.9%; n = 763) reported more concussions during the second assessment. Only 3.8% (n = 181) of student athletes provided inconsistent concussion histories, defined as fewer concussions at the second assessment. Boys provided inconsistent concussion histories a little more frequently, compared with girls (5.3% and 2.0%, respectively; p \< 0.001). Similarly, athletes with self-reported attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) provided inconsistent concussion histories somewhat more frequently, compared with those without ADHD (7.8% and 3.5%, respectively; p \< 0.001). Of the athletes with inconsistent concussion histories, greater degree of inconsistency was associated with a greater number of concussions initially reported at baseline (rs = 0.54; p \< 0.001). Only a small proportion of student athletes provided inconsistent concussion histories. Male gender, ADHD, and greater number of baseline concussions were significantly associated with inconsistency in reporting. Overall, these findings suggest that student athletes are quite consistent when reporting their concussion history when surveyed twice during high school. Copyright © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Relying on self-reported concussion injury history is common in both clinical care and research. However, young athletes may not provide consistent medical information. To date, little is known about the reliability of self-reported concussion history in high school students. This study examined whether student athletes reported their lifetime history of concussions consistently over time. Self-reported concussion history was examined in 4792 student athletes (ages 13-18) from Maine who completed a preseason health survey on two occasions (median re-test interval = 23.7 months; standard deviation = 7.3; interquartile range = 12.4-24.5). Consistency of self-reported concussion history was determined by differences in the number of concussions reported during the second survey. Inconsistent concussion history was defined primarily by a decrease in the number of lifetime concussions reported at the second testing, compared with at the first testing. The majority of the sample (80.3%) reported no change in the number of concussions between the two baseline assessments. A minority (15.9%; n = 763) reported more concussions during the second assessment. Only 3.8% (n = 181) of student athletes provided inconsistent concussion histories, defined as fewer concussions at the second assessment. Boys provided inconsistent concussion histories a little more frequently, compared with girls (5.3% and 2.0%, respectively; p < 0.001). Similarly, athletes with self-reported attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) provided inconsistent concussion histories somewhat more frequently, compared with those without ADHD (7.8% and 3.5%, respectively; p < 0.001). Of the athletes with inconsistent concussion histories, greater degree of inconsistency was associated with a greater number of concussions initially reported at baseline (rs = 0.54; p < 0.001). Only a small proportion of student athletes provided inconsistent concussion histories. Male gender, ADHD, and greater number of baseline concussions were significantly associated with inconsistency in reporting. Overall, these findings suggest that student athletes are quite consistent when reporting their concussion history when surveyed twice during high school. Copyright © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.

32.

Hayter, C; Meares, S; Shores, E A

The Abbreviated Westmead Post-traumatic Amnesia Scale and Pocket Concussion Recognition Tool: Data from amateur sports players in live-match conditions Journal Article

In: Applied Neuropsychology. Adult, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 30–41, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX

33.

Moore, R D; Lepine, J; Ellemberg, D

The independent influence of concussive and sub-concussive impacts on soccer players’ neurophysiological and neuropsychological function Journal Article

In: International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 112, pp. 22–30, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Moore2017,

title = {The independent influence of concussive and sub-concussive impacts on soccer players’ neurophysiological and neuropsychological function},

author = {Moore, R D and Lepine, J and Ellemberg, D},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.11.011},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology},

volume = {112},

pages = {22--30},

abstract = {Accumulating research demonstrates that repetitive sub-concussive impacts can alter the structure, function and connectivity of the brain. However, the functional significance of these alterations as well as the independent contribution of concussive and sub-concussive impacts to neurophysiological and neuropsychological health are unclear. Accordingly, we compared the neurophysiological and neuropsychological function of contact athletes with (concussion group) and without (sub-concussion group) a history of concussion, to non-contact athletes. We evaluated event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited during an oddball task and performance on a targeted battery of neuropsychological tasks. Athletes in the sub-concussion and concussion groups exhibited similar amplitude reductions in the ERP indices of attentional resource allocation (P3b) and attentional orienting (P3a) relative to non-contact athletes. However, only athletes in the concussion group exhibited reduced amplitude in the ERP index of perceptual attention (N1). Athletes in the sub-concussion and concussion groups also exhibited deficits in memory recall relative to non-contact athletes, but athletes in the concussion group also exhibited significantly more recall errors than athletes in the sub-concussion group. Additionally, only athletes in the concussion group exhibited response delays during the oddball task. The current findings suggest that sub-concussive impacts are associated with alterations in the neurophysiological and neuropsychological indices of essential cognitive functions, albeit to a lesser degree than the combination of sub-concussive and concussive impacts. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

34.

Terrell, T R; Bostick, R; Barth, J; Sloane, R; Cantu, R C; Bennett, E; Galloway, L; Laskowitz, D; Erlanger, D; McKeag, D; Valentine, V; Nichols, G

Multicenter cohort study on association of genotypes with prospective sports concussion: methods, lessons learned, and recommendations Journal Article

In: Journal of Sports Medicine & Physical Fitness, vol. 57, no. 1-2, pp. 77–89, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX

@article{Terrell2017,

title = {Multicenter cohort study on association of genotypes with prospective sports concussion: methods, lessons learned, and recommendations},

author = {Terrell, T R and Bostick, R and Barth, J and Sloane, R and Cantu, R C and Bennett, E and Galloway, L and Laskowitz, D and Erlanger, D and McKeag, D and Valentine, V and Nichols, G},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Sports Medicine \& Physical Fitness},

volume = {57},

number = {1-2},

pages = {77--89},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Approximately 3.8 million sports related TBIs occur per year. Genetic variation may affect both TBI risk and post-TBI clinical outcome. Limited research has focused on genetic risk for concussion among athletes. We describe the design, methods, and baseline characteristics of this prospective cohort study designed to investigate a potential association between genetic polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E gene, APOE promoter G-219T, and Tau gene exon 6 polymorphisms (Ser53 Pro and Hist47Tyr) with: 1) the risk of prospective concussion; 2) concussion severity; and 3) postconcussion neurocognitive recovery. METHODS: The prospective cohort study included a final population of 2947 college, high school, and professional athletes. Baseline data collection included a concussion/medical history questionnaire, neuropsychological (NP) testing, and genetic sampling for the genetic polymorphisms. Data collection on new concussions experienced utilized post-concussion history/mental status form, Lovell post-concussion symptom score, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) and/or the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT)-1/SCAT-2, and post-concussion NP testing. RESULTS: This paper is focused on discussing the important methodological considerations, organizational challenges and lessons learned in the completion of a multi-center prospective cohort study. A total of 3740 subjects enrolled, with a total of 335 concussions experienced. CONCLUSIONS: Of critical importance to the success of a study of this type is to successfully recruit committed institutions with qualified local study personnel, obtain "buy-in" from study sites, and cultivate strong working relationships with study sites. The use of approved incentives may improve study site recruitment, enhance retention, and enhance compliance with study protocols. Future publications will detail the specific findings of this study. Collaborative research is very likely needed given the nature of this study population.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

BACKGROUND: Approximately 3.8 million sports related TBIs occur per year. Genetic variation may affect both TBI risk and post-TBI clinical outcome. Limited research has focused on genetic risk for concussion among athletes. We describe the design, methods, and baseline characteristics of this prospective cohort study designed to investigate a potential association between genetic polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E gene, APOE promoter G-219T, and Tau gene exon 6 polymorphisms (Ser53 Pro and Hist47Tyr) with: 1) the risk of prospective concussion; 2) concussion severity; and 3) postconcussion neurocognitive recovery. METHODS: The prospective cohort study included a final population of 2947 college, high school, and professional athletes. Baseline data collection included a concussion/medical history questionnaire, neuropsychological (NP) testing, and genetic sampling for the genetic polymorphisms. Data collection on new concussions experienced utilized post-concussion history/mental status form, Lovell post-concussion symptom score, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) and/or the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT)-1/SCAT-2, and post-concussion NP testing. RESULTS: This paper is focused on discussing the important methodological considerations, organizational challenges and lessons learned in the completion of a multi-center prospective cohort study. A total of 3740 subjects enrolled, with a total of 335 concussions experienced. CONCLUSIONS: Of critical importance to the success of a study of this type is to successfully recruit committed institutions with qualified local study personnel, obtain "buy-in" from study sites, and cultivate strong working relationships with study sites. The use of approved incentives may improve study site recruitment, enhance retention, and enhance compliance with study protocols. Future publications will detail the specific findings of this study. Collaborative research is very likely needed given the nature of this study population.

35.

Bailly, N; Afquir, S; Laporte, J D; Melot, A; Savary, D; Seigneuret, E; Delay, J B; Donnadieu, T; Masson, C; Arnoux, P J

Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders Journal Article

In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Bailly2017,

title = {Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders},

author = {Bailly, N and Afquir, S and Laporte, J D and Melot, A and Savary, D and Seigneuret, E and Delay, J B and Donnadieu, T and Masson, C and Arnoux, P J},

doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001078},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},

volume = {49},

number = {1},

pages = {1--10},

abstract = {Purpose Mechanisms of injury and description of head impacts leading to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in skiers and snowboarders have not been extensively documented. We investigate snow sport crashes leading to TBI 1) to identify typical mechanisms leading to TBI to better target prevention measures and 2) to identify the injury mechanisms and the head impact conditions. Methods The subjects were skiers and snowboarders diagnosed of TBI and admitted between 2013 and 2015 to one of the 15 medical offices and three hospital centers involved in the study. The survey includes the description of the patients (age, sex, practice, skill level, and helmet use), the crash (type, location, estimated speed, causes, and fall description), and the injuries sustained (symptoms, head trauma scores, and other injuries). Sketches were used to describe the crash and impact locations. Clustering methods were used to distinguish profiles of injured participants. Results A total of 295 skiers and 71 snowboarders were interviewed. The most frequent type of mechanism was falls (54%), followed by collision between users (18%) and jumps (15%). Collision with obstacle (13%) caused the most serious TBI. Three categories of patients were identified. First, men age 16-25 yr are more involved in crash at high speed or in connection with a jump. Second, women, children (\<16 yr), and beginners are particularly injured in collisions between users. Third, those older than 50 yr, usually nonhelmeted, are frequently involved in falls. Ten crash scenarios were identified. Falling head first is the most frequent of skiers' falls (28%). Conclusion Crash scenarios leading to TBI were identified and associated with profiles of injured participants. Those results should help to better target TBI prevention and protection campaigns. © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

36.

Salisbury, David; Kolessar, Michael; Callender, Librada; Bennett, Monica

Concussion knowledge among rehabilitation staff Journal Article

In: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 33–37, 2017, ISBN: 0899-8280.

BibTeX

37.

Imhoff, S; Malenfant, S; Nadreau, É; Poirier, P; Bailey, D M; Brassard, P

Uncoupling between cerebral perfusion and oxygenation during incremental exercise in an athlete with postconcussion syndrome: a case report Journal Article

In: Physiological Reports, vol. 5, no. 2, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

38.

Kroshus, E; Baugh, C M; Stein, C J; Austin, S B; Calzo, J P

Concussion reporting, sex, and conformity to traditional gender norms in young adults Journal Article

In: Journal of Adolescence, vol. 54, pp. 110–119, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

39.

Margolis, L H; Canty, G; Halstead, M; Lantos, J D

Should School Boards Discontinue Support for High School Football? Journal Article

In: Pediatrics, vol. 139, no. 1, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX

40.

Horris, Hannah B; Elmer, Carlie; McLeod, Tamara C Valovich

Premorbid Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the Association of Concussion Risk and Prolonged Recovery Journal Article

In: Athletic Training & Sports Health Care, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 39–44, 2017, ISBN: 19425864.

Abstract | BibTeX

7841 entries « ‹ 2 of 393 › »

Most Referenced Keywords

7841 entries « ‹ 2 of 157 › »

2017

Arriaza, R; Cierna, D; Regueiro, P; Inman, D; Roman, F; Abarca, B; Barrientos, M; Saavedra, M A

Low risk of concussions in top-level karate competition Journal Article

In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 226–230, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Léveillé, E; Guay, S; Blais, C; Scherzer, P; De Beaumont, L

In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 65–77, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, Concussion, depression, Emotional facial expression, Gender Differences, Sport

@article{Leveille2017,

title = {Sex-Related Differences in Emotion Recognition in Multi-concussed Athletes},

author = {L\'{e}veill\'{e}, E and Guay, S and Blais, C and Scherzer, P and {De Beaumont}, L},

doi = {10.1017/S1355617716001004},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society},

volume = {23},

number = {1},

pages = {65--77},

abstract = {Objectives: Concussion is defined as a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain. Although the cumulative and long-term effects of multiple concussions are now well documented on cognitive and motor function, little is known about their effects on emotion recognition. Recent studies have suggested that concussion can result in emotional sequelae, particularly in females and multi-concussed athletes. The objective of this study was to investigate sex-related differences in emotion recognition in asymptomatic male and female multi-concussed athletes. Methods: We tested 28 control athletes (15 males) and 22 multi-concussed athletes (10 males) more than a year since the last concussion. Participants completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, a neuropsychological test battery and a morphed emotion recognition task. Pictures of a male face expressing basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise) morphed with another emotion were randomly presented. After each face presentation, participants were asked to indicate the emotion expressed by the face. Results: Results revealed significant sex by group interactions in accuracy and intensity threshold for negative emotions, together with significant main effects of emotion and group. Conclusions: Male concussed athletes were significantly impaired in recognizing negative emotions and needed more emotional intensity to correctly identify these emotions, compared to same-sex controls. In contrast, female concussed athletes performed similarly to same-sex controls. These findings suggest that sex significantly modulates concussion effects on emotional facial expression recognition. © 2016 The International Neuropsychological Society.},

keywords = {Anxiety, Concussion, depression, Emotional facial expression, Gender Differences, Sport},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Lewis, G N; Hume, P A; Stavric, V; Brown, S R; Taylor, D

New zealand rugby health study: Motor cortex excitability in retired elite and community level rugby players Journal Article

In: New Zealand Medical Journal, vol. 130, no. 1448, pp. 34–44, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Pabian, P S; Oliveira, L; Tucker, J; Beato, M; Gual, C

Interprofessional management of concussion in sport Journal Article

In: Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 23, pp. 123–132, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Howell, D R; Beasley, M; Vopat, L; Meehan 3rd, W P

The Effect of Prior Concussion History on Dual-Task Gait following a Concussion Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 838–844, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Collins, M W; Womble, M N

American pediatric surgical association journal of pediatric surgery lecture Journal Article

In: Journal of Pediatric Surgery, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 16–21, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, head injury, migraine, Ocular, Risk Factors, vestibular

Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D M; Vis, S; Reimer, K M; Leiter, J; Russell, K

Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 38–45, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Ellis2017b,

title = {Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},

author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D M and Vis, S and Reimer, K M and Leiter, J and Russell, K},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics.},

volume = {19},

number = {1},

pages = {38--45},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE There were 2 objectives of this study. The first objective was to identify clinical variables associated with vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) detected at initial consultation among pediatric patients with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS). The second objective was to reexamine the prevalence of VOD in this clinical cohort and evaluate the effect of VOD on length of recovery and the development of PCS. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted for all patients with acute SRC and PCS who were evaluated at a pediatric multidisciplinary concussion program from September 2013 to May 2015. Acute SRS was defined as presenting \< 30 days postinjury, and PCS was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision criteria and included being symptomatic 30 days or longer postinjury. The initial assessment included clinical history and physical examination performed by 1 neurosurgeon. Patients were assessed for VOD, defined as the presence of more than 1 subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, diplopia, blurred vision, etc.) and more than 1 objective physical examination finding (abnormal near point of convergence, smooth pursuits, saccades, or vestibulo-ocular reflex testing). Poisson regression analysis was used to identify factors that increased the risk of VOD at initial presentation and the development of PCS. RESULTS Three hundred ninety-nine children, including 306 patients with acute SRC and 93 with PCS, were included. Of these patients, 30.1% of those with acute SRC (65.0% male, mean age 13.9 years) and 43.0% of those with PCS (41.9% male, mean age 15.4 years) met the criteria for VOD at initial consultation. Independent predictors of VOD at initial consultation included female sex, preinjury history of depression, posttraumatic amnesia, and presence of dizziness, blurred vision, or difficulty focusing at the time of injury. Independent predictors of PCS among patients with acute SRC included the presence of VOD at initial consultation, preinjury history of depression, and posttraumatic amnesia at the time of injury. CONCLUSIONS This study identified important potential risk factors for the development of VOD following pediatric SRC. These results provide confirmatory evidence that VOD at initial consultation is associated with prolonged recovery and is an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Future studies examining clinical prediction rules in pediatric concussion should include VOD. Additional research is needed to elucidate the natural history of VOD following SRC and establish evidence-based indications for targeted vestibular rehabilitation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Kuhn, Elizabeth; Miller, Joseph; Feltman, Blake; Powers, Alexander; Sicking, Dean; Johnston, James

Youth helmet design in sports with repetitive low- and medium-energy impacts: a systematic review Journal Article

In: Sports Engineering, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 29–40, 2017, ISBN: 13697072.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Kuhn2017a,

title = {Youth helmet design in sports with repetitive low- and medium-energy impacts: a systematic review},

author = {Kuhn, Elizabeth and Miller, Joseph and Feltman, Blake and Powers, Alexander and Sicking, Dean and Johnston, James},

doi = {10.1007/s12283-016-0215-9},

isbn = {13697072},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Engineering},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {29--40},

abstract = {Concussion awareness in youth sports has increased secondary to recent legislation, public health campaigns, and media coverage. The potential for long-term negative sequelae is now widely recognized and there have been a number of initiatives nationwide to prevent pediatric head injuries, including efforts to design more effective helmets for repetitive impact sports. The primary aim of this review is to systematically assess the literature regarding helmet design in youth sports specifically designed to mitigate repetitive low- and medium-energy impacts. Secondary aims include identifying areas for future research and opportunities for helmet design improvement. A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify articles relating to youth helmet design and biomechanical studies of concussion in youth sports. Pubmed, Google scholar, Cochrane Review and article citations were used to identify all pertinent English articles between 1971 and January 2016. A total of 14 studies met criteria for inclusion in this review, three of which included clinical outcomes (all Level of Evidence II) and eleven of which included biomechanical outcomes. The vast majority focused on adolescents playing football. Six of the biomechanical studies demonstrated improved biomechanical metrics in helmets with increasing foam thickness and number of foam layers. Two clinical studies also seem to support this concept, with significant caveats. To date, there are limited clinical and biomechanical data on youth helmet design. There is a need for further research in order to optimize helmet design and reduce the number and severity of pediatric sports-related head injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Ahmed, O H; Hall, E E

"It was only a mild concussion": Exploring the description of sports concussion in online news articles Journal Article

In: Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 23, pp. 7–13, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

White matter alterations in college football players: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study Journal Article

In: Brain Imaging & Behavior, 2017, ISBN: 1931-7557.

@article{Mayinger2017,

title = {White matter alterations in college football players: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study},

author = {Mayinger, Michael Christian and Merchant-Borna, Kian and Hufschmidt, Jakob and Muehlmann, Marc and Weir, Isabelle Ruth and Rauchmann, Boris-Stephan and Shenton, Martha Elizabeth and Koerte, Inga Katharina and Bazarian, Jeffrey John},

doi = {10.1007/s11682-017-9672-4},

isbn = {1931-7557},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain Imaging \& Behavior},

publisher = {Springer},

address = {Germany},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal changes in the diffusion characteristics of brain white matter (WM) in collegiate athletes at three time points: prior to the start of the football season (T1), after one season of football (T2), followed by six months of no-contact rest (T3). Fifteen male collegiate football players and 5 male non-athlete student controls underwent diffusion MR imaging and computerized cognitive testing at all three timepoints. Whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD), and trace between all timepoints. Average diffusion values were obtained from statistically significant clusters for each individual. No athlete suffered a concussion during the study period. After one season of play (T1 to T2), we observed a significant increase in trace in a cluster located in the brainstem and left temporal lobe, and a significant increase in FA in the left parietal lobe. After six months of no-contact rest (T2 to T3), there was a significant decrease in trace and FA in clusters that were partially overlapping or in close proximity with the initial clusters (T1 to T2), with no significant changes from T1 to T3. Repetitive head impacts (RHI) sustained during a single football season may result in alterations of the brain’s WM in collegiate football players. These changes appear to return to baseline after 6 months of no-contact rest, suggesting remission of WM alterations. Our preliminary results suggest that collegiate football players might benefit from periods without exposure to RHI. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)},

keywords = {2017, Athletics, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, fractional anisotropy, High magnitude impact, Human studies, Longitudinal, No terms assigned, Repetitive head impacts, Sports, Subconcussive head trauma, TBSS, white matter},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Witcher, K G; Godbout, J P

Can Sustained Glia-Mediated Brain Inflammation After Repeated Concussive Brain Injury Be Detected In Vivo? Journal Article

In: JAMA Neurology, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 23–25, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

King, D; Hume, P; Gissane, C; Clark, T

Semi-Professional Rugby League Players have Higher Concussion Risk than Professional or Amateur Participants: A Pooled Analysis Journal Article

In: Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 197–205, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{King2017a,

title = {Semi-Professional Rugby League Players have Higher Concussion Risk than Professional or Amateur Participants: A Pooled Analysis},

author = {King, D and Hume, P and Gissane, C and Clark, T},

doi = {10.1007/s40279-016-0576-z},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Medicine},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {197--205},

abstract = {A combined estimate of injuries within a specific sport through pooled analysis provides more precise evidence and meaningful information about the sport, whilst controlling for between-study variation due to individual sub-cohort characteristics. The objective of this analysis was to review all published rugby league studies reporting injuries from match and training participation and report the pooled data estimates for rugby league concussion injury epidemiology. A systematic literature analysis of concussion in rugby league was performed on published studies from January 1990 to October 2015. Data were extracted and pooled from 25 studies that reported the number and incidence of concussions in rugby league match and training activities. Amateur rugby league players had the highest incidence of concussive injuries in match activities (19.1 per 1000 match hours) while semi-professional players had the highest incidence of concussive injuries in training activities (3.1 per 1000 training hours). This pooled analysis showed that, during match participation activities, amateur rugby league participants had a higher reported concussion injury rate than professional and semi-professional participants. Semi-professional participants had nearly a threefold greater concussion injury risk than amateur rugby league participants during match participation. They also had nearly a 600-fold greater concussion injury risk than professional rugby league participants during training participation. © 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Meier, T B; Lancaster, M A; Mayer, A R; Teague, T K; Savitz, J

Abnormalities in Functional Connectivity in Collegiate Football Athletes with and without a Concussion History: Implications and Role of Neuroactive Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 824–837, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Meier2017,

title = {Abnormalities in Functional Connectivity in Collegiate Football Athletes with and without a Concussion History: Implications and Role of Neuroactive Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites},

author = {Meier, T B and Lancaster, M A and Mayer, A R and Teague, T K and Savitz, J},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {824--837},

abstract = {There is a great need to identify potential long-term consequences of contact sport exposure and to identify molecular pathways that may be associated with these changes. We tested the hypothesis that football players with (Ath-mTBI) (n=25) and without a concussion history (Ath) (n=24) have altered resting state functional connectivity in regions with previously documented structural changes relative to healthy controls without football or concussion history (HC) (n=27). As a secondary aim, we tested the hypothesis that group differences in functional connectivity are moderated by the relative ratio of neuroprotective to neurotoxic metabolites of the kynurenine pathway. Ath-mTBI had significantly increased connectivity of motor cortex to the supplementary motor area relative to Ath and HC. In contrast, both Ath-mTBI and Ath had increased connectivity between the left orbital frontal cortex and the right lateral frontal cortex, and between the left cornu ammonis areas 2 and 3/dentate gyrus (CA2-3/DG) of the hippocampus and the middle and posterior cingulate cortices, relative to HC. The relationship between the ratio of plasma concentrations of kynurenic acid to quinolinic acid (KYNA/QUIN) and left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex connectivity to multiple regions as well as KYNA/QUIN and right CA2-3/DG connectivity to multiple regions differed significantly according to football and concussion history. The results suggest that football exposure with and without concussion history can have a significant effect on intrinsic brain connectivity and implicate the kynurenine metabolic pathway as one potential moderator of functional connectivity dependent on football exposure and concussion history.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Montenigro, P H; Alosco, M L; Martin, B M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Chaisson, C E; Nowinski, C J; Au, R; McKee, A C; Cantu, R C; McClean, M D; Stern, R A; Tripodis, Y

Cumulative Head Impact Exposure Predicts Later-Life Depression, Apathy, Executive Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Former High School and College Football Players Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 328–340, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: behavior, cognition, Concussion, football, long-term impairment, subconcussive impacts

@article{Montenigro2017,

title = {Cumulative Head Impact Exposure Predicts Later-Life Depression, Apathy, Executive Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Former High School and College Football Players},

author = {Montenigro, P H and Alosco, M L and Martin, B M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Chaisson, C E and Nowinski, C J and Au, R and McKee, A C and Cantu, R C and McClean, M D and Stern, R A and Tripodis, Y},

doi = {10.1089/neu.2016.4413},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {2},

pages = {328--340},

abstract = {The term "repetitive head impacts" (RHI) refers to the cumulative exposure to concussive and subconcussive events. Although RHI are believed to increase risk for later-life neurological consequences (including chronic traumatic encephalopathy), quantitative analysis of this relationship has not yet been examined because of the lack of validated tools to quantify lifetime RHI exposure. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop a metric to quantify cumulative RHI exposure from football, which we term the "cumulative head impact index" (CHII); 2) to use the CHII to examine the association between RHI exposure and long-term clinical outcomes; and 3) to evaluate its predictive properties relative to other exposure metrics (i.e., duration of play, age of first exposure, concussion history). Participants included 93 former high school and collegiate football players who completed objective cognitive and self-reported behavioral/mood tests as part of a larger ongoing longitudinal study. Using established cutoff scores, we transformed continuous outcomes into dichotomous variables (normal vs. impaired). The CHII was computed for each participant and derived from a combination of self-reported athletic history (i.e., number of seasons, position[s], levels played), and impact frequencies reported in helmet accelerometer studies. A bivariate probit, instrumental variable model revealed a threshold dose-response relationship between the CHII and risk for later-life cognitive impairment (p \< 0.0001), self-reported executive dysfunction (p \< 0.0001), depression (p \< 0.0001), apathy (p = 0.0161), and behavioral dysregulation (p \< 0.0001). Ultimately, the CHII demonstrated greater predictive validity than other individual exposure metrics. Copyright © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.},

keywords = {behavior, cognition, Concussion, football, long-term impairment, subconcussive impacts},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Asken, Breton M; Clugston, James R; Snyder, Aliyah R; Bauer, Russell M

Baseline Neurocognitive Performance and Clearance for Athletes to Return to Contact Journal Article

In: Journal of Athletic Training, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 51–57, 2017, ISBN: 10626050.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Brain Injuries, collegiate athletes, Computerized testing, ImPACT

Wurlitzer, Katherine C

Removal From Play After Concussion and Recovery Time: Elbin RJ, Sufrinko A, Schatz P, et al. Pediatrics. 2016;138(3):e20160910 Journal Article

In: Journal of Emergency Medicine (0736-4679), vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 127–128, 2017, ISBN: 07364679.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: ATHLETES -- Health, Dizziness, headache, SPORTS medicine, Visual Perception

Gill, Jessica; Merchant-Borna, Kian; Jeromin, Andreas; Livingston, Whitney; Bazarian, Jeffrey

Acute plasma tau relates to prolonged return to play after concussion Journal Article

In: Neurology, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 595–602, 2017, ISBN: 0028-3878.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

Anzalone, Anthony J; Blueitt, Damond; Case, Tami; McGuffin, Tiffany; Pollard, Kalyssa; Garrison, J Craig; Jones, Margaret T; Pavur, Robert; Turner, Stephanie; Oliver, Jonathan M

A Positive Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Is Associated With Increased Recovery Time After Sports-Related Concussion in Youth and Adolescent Athletes Journal Article

In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 474–479, 2017, ISBN: 03635465.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, Ocular motor, Symptoms, vestibular

Tanaka, Yuto; Tsugawa, Tsuyoshi; Maeda, Yoshinobu

Effect of mouthguards on impact to the craniomandibular complex Journal Article

In: Dental Traumatology, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 51–56, 2017, ISBN: 16004469.

Stovitz, S D; Weseman, J D; Hooks, M C; Schmidt, R J; Koffel, J B; Patricios, J S

What definition is used to describe second impact syndrome in sports? A systematic and critical review Journal Article

In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 50–55, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

Tapper, A; Gonzalez, D; Roy, E; Niechwiej-Szwedo, E

Executive function deficits in team sport athletes with a history of concussion revealed by a visual-auditory dual task paradigm Journal Article

In: Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 231–240, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Ghajari, M; Hellyer, P J; Sharp, D J

Computational modelling of traumatic brain injury predicts the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology Journal Article

In: Brain, vol. 140, no. Pt 2, pp. 333–343, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Ghajari2017,

title = {Computational modelling of traumatic brain injury predicts the location of chronic traumatic encephalopathy pathology},

author = {Ghajari, M and Hellyer, P J and Sharp, D J},

year = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain},

volume = {140},

number = {Pt 2},

pages = {333--343},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Lyon, Louisa

High impact research: investigating the effects of repetitive head injury Journal Article

In: Brain: A Journal of Neurology, vol. 140, no. 1, pp. e6–e6, 2017, ISBN: 00068950.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: BRAIN -- Concussion, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, DISEASE susceptibility, Head Injuries, NATIONAL Football League

Klein, T A; Graves, J M

A Comparison of Psychiatric and Nonpsychiatric Nurse Practitioner Knowledge and Management Recommendations Regarding Adolescent Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article

In: Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 37–49, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adolescents/adolescence, Brain Injury, Concussion, nurse practitioner

@article{Klein2017,

title = {A Comparison of Psychiatric and Nonpsychiatric Nurse Practitioner Knowledge and Management Recommendations Regarding Adolescent Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},

author = {Klein, T A and Graves, J M},

doi = {10.1177/1078390316668992},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association},

volume = {23},

number = {1},

pages = {37--49},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nurse practitioners (NPs) are statutorily authorized to provide assessment and cognitive recommendations for concussion in most states. Their scope of practice includes assessment and management of concussion sequalae including anxiety, insomnia, and depression, as well as return to school and activity guidance. OBJECTIVES: Analysis of symptom-based diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adolescents, including return to school and school workload recommendations comparing psychiatric and nonpsychiatric NPs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional Web-based survey with embedded videos using standardized actors and scripts randomized for patient sex and sport. A total of 4,849 NPs licensed in Oregon or Washington were invited by e-mail to view and respond to this study, with a response rate of 23%. RESULTS: Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) were 44% less likely than family NPs to report using standardized concussion tools. 17% had completed continuing education on mild TBI compared to 54.5% of family NPs. Seven PMHNPs provided additional feedback related to discomfort in completing the survey due to lack of comfort or experience. Return to school recommendations and reduced workload advice did not significantly differ by NP type. CONCLUSION: PMHNPs may support individualized assessment through concussion evaluation, use of standardized tools, and differential consideration of TBI for mental health symptoms. More research is required related to the role and contribution of cognitive rest to full recovery. © 2016, © The Author(s) 2016.},

keywords = {adolescents/adolescence, Brain Injury, Concussion, nurse practitioner},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Dillard, C; Ditchman, N; Nersessova, K; Foster, N; Wehman, P; West, M; Riedlinger, B; Monasterio, E; Shaw, B; Neblett, J

Post-concussion symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury: findings from a paediatric outpatient clinic Journal Article

In: Disability & Rehabilitation, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 544–550, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, paediatric hospitals, Post-Concussion Syndrome

@article{Dillard2017,

title = {Post-concussion symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury: findings from a paediatric outpatient clinic},

author = {Dillard, C and Ditchman, N and Nersessova, K and Foster, N and Wehman, P and West, M and Riedlinger, B and Monasterio, E and Shaw, B and Neblett, J},

doi = {10.3109/09638288.2016.1152602},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Disability \& Rehabilitation},

volume = {39},

number = {6},

pages = {544--550},

abstract = {Purpose Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common among children and is associated with a range of symptomatology and clinical presentations. This study uses data from a paediatric outpatient TBI clinic to (1) investigate characteristics associated with more severe post-concussive symptoms and (2) examine differences in the proportion of individuals endorsing specific post-concussion symptoms based on group (e.g., sex, type of injury, and psychiatric history). Methods Data from the Children’s Hospital of Richmond’s TBI outpatient programme were analysed (N = 157). Results Gender and sports injury were associated with severity of symptoms. In addition, females endorsed a greater number of overall symptoms than males. A number of specific symptoms were found to be endorsed to a greater extent based on psychiatric history and type of injury; however, overall total number of symptoms endorsed did not differ based on these characteristics. Conclusions Findings from this study provide further evidence that mTBI affects a wide range of youth and that associated symptomatology can indeed be varied. Moreover, results revealed differences in endorsement of specific symptoms and symptom severity based on patient and injury characteristics which have implications for concussion assessment and treatment. Implications for Rehabilitation Symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children and adolescents can have varied presentation, ranging from minimal to severe. Females and those with non-sports-related injuries are more likely to endorse greater symptoms following concussion. Symptom evaluation is an essential component of the concussion assessment and treatment of paediatric patients following mTBI, and clinicians should be aware of patient characteristics associated with increased symptoms, especially when baseline symptom data are not available. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor \& Francis Group.},

keywords = {Adolescent, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, paediatric hospitals, Post-Concussion Syndrome},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Tuominen, M; Stuart, M J; Aubry, M; Kannus, P; Parkkari, J

Injuries in world junior ice hockey championships between 2006 and 2015 Journal Article

In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 36–43, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Tuominen2017,

title = {Injuries in world junior ice hockey championships between 2006 and 2015},

author = {Tuominen, M and Stuart, M J and Aubry, M and Kannus, P and Parkkari, J},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},

volume = {51},

number = {1},

pages = {36--43},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Detailed injury data are not available for international ice hockey tournaments played by junior athletes. We report the incidence, type, mechanism and severity of injuries in males under ages 18 and 20 at junior ice hockey World Championships during 2006-2015. METHODS: All injuries in the International Ice Hockey Federation World Junior under-20 (WJ U20) Championship and under-18 (WJ U18) Championship were collected over a 9-year period using a strict injury definition, a standardised injury reporting system and diagnoses made by a team physician. RESULTS: 633 injuries were recorded in 1326 games over a 9-year period, resulting in an injury rate (IR) of 11.0 per 1000 player-games and 39.8/1000 player-game hours. The IRs in all tournaments were 4.3/1000 player-games for the head and face, 3.2 for the upper body, 2.6 for the lower body and 1.0 for the spine and trunk. A laceration was the most common injury type followed by a sprain. Lacerations accounted for 80% (IR 3.6) of facial injuries in WJ U20 tournaments. The shoulder was the most common injury site (IR 2.0) in WJ U18 tournaments. Board contact was the mechanism for 59% of these shoulder injuries. Concussion was the most common head and face injury (46%; IR 1.2) in WJ U18 tournaments. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The risk of injury among male junior ice hockey players was lower than the reported rates in adult men but higher than that in women. Facial lacerations were common in U20 junior players (WJ U20) since most wear only partial facial protection (visor). The IR for shoulder injuries was high in U18 junior players (WJ U18). Suggested strategies for injury prevention include full facial protection for all players and flexible board and glass for all junior tournaments.Copyright Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Janssen, P H H; Mandrekar, J; Mielke, M M; Ahlskog, J E; Boeve, B F; Josephs, K; Savica, R

High School Football and Late-Life Risk of Neurodegenerative Syndromes, 1956-1970 Journal Article

In: Mayo Clinic Proceedings, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 66–71, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Janssen2017,

title = {High School Football and Late-Life Risk of Neurodegenerative Syndromes, 1956-1970},

author = {Janssen, P H H and Mandrekar, J and Mielke, M M and Ahlskog, J E and Boeve, B F and Josephs, K and Savica, R},

doi = {10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.09.004},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings},

volume = {92},

number = {1},

pages = {66--71},

abstract = {Objective To assess whether athletes who played American varsity high school football between 1956 and 1970 have an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases later in life. Patients and Methods We identified all male varsity football players between 1956 and 1970 in the public high schools of Rochester, Minnesota, and non\textendashfootball-playing male varsity swimmers, wrestlers, and basketball players. Using the medical records linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, we ascertained the incidence of late-life neurodegenerative diseases: dementia, parkinsonism, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also recorded medical record\textendashdocumented head trauma during high school years. Results We identified 296 varsity football players and 190 athletes engaging in other sports. Football players had an increased risk of medically documented head trauma, especially if they played football for more than 1 year. Compared with nonfootball athletes, football players did not have an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease overall or of the individual conditions of dementia, parkinsonism, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Conclusion In this community-based study, varsity high school football players from 1956 to 1970 did not have an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases compared with athletes engaged in other varsity sports. This was from an era when there was a generally nihilistic view of concussion dangers, less protective equipment, and no prohibition of spearing (head-first tackling). However, the size and strength of players from previous eras may not be comparable with that of current high school athletes. © 2016 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Churchill, N; Hutchison, M G; Leung, G; Graham, S; Schweizer, T A

Changes in functional connectivity of the brain associated with a history of sport concussion: A preliminary investigation Journal Article

In: Brain Injury, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 39–48, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, Functional MRI, MRI scan, neuroimaging

@article{Churchill2017,

title = {Changes in functional connectivity of the brain associated with a history of sport concussion: A preliminary investigation},

author = {Churchill, N and Hutchison, M G and Leung, G and Graham, S and Schweizer, T A},

doi = {10.1080/02699052.2016.1221135},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Brain Injury},

volume = {31},

number = {1},

pages = {39--48},

abstract = {Objective: There is evidence of long-term clinical consequences associated with a history of sport concussion. However, there remains limited information about the underlying changes in brain function. The goal of this study was to identify brain regions where abnormal resting-state function is associated with chronic concussion, for athletes without persistent symptoms. Methods: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) was performed on a group of athletes with prior concussion (n = 22) and a group without documented injury (n = 21). Multivariate predictive modelling was used to localize reliable changes in brain connectivity that are associated with a history of concussion and with clinical factors, including number of prior concussions and recovery time from last injury. Results: No significant differences were found between athletes with and without a history of concussion, but functional connectivity was significantly associated with clinical history. The number of prior concussions was associated with most extensive connectivity changes, particularly for elements of the visual attention network and cerebellum. Conclusion: The findings of this preliminary study indicate that functional brain abnormalities associated with chronic concussion may be significantly dependent on clinical history. In addition, elements of the visual and cerebellar systems may be most sensitive to the long-term effects of sport concussion. © 2017 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},

keywords = {Concussion, Functional MRI, MRI scan, neuroimaging},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Mihalik, J P; Lynall, R C; Wasserman, E B; Guskiewicz, K M; Marshall, S W

Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help? Journal Article

In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 247–253, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Biomechanics, Brain Injury, Concussion, sport injury

Cobbs, L; Hasanaj, L; Amorapanth, P; Rizzo, J R; Nolan, R; Serrano, L; Raynowska, J; Rucker, J C; Jordan, B D; Galetta, S L; Balcer, L J

Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES) test: A new measure of rapid picture naming for concussion Journal Article

In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 372, pp. 393–398, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, King-Devick test, Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System, saccades, Sports, Vision

@article{Cobbs2017,

title = {Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES) test: A new measure of rapid picture naming for concussion},

author = {Cobbs, L and Hasanaj, L and Amorapanth, P and Rizzo, J R and Nolan, R and Serrano, L and Raynowska, J and Rucker, J C and Jordan, B D and Galetta, S L and Balcer, L J},

doi = {10.1016/j.jns.2016.10.044},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the Neurological Sciences},

volume = {372},

pages = {393--398},

abstract = {Objective This study introduces a rapid picture naming test, the Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES), as a novel, vision-based performance measure for concussion screening. The MULES is a visual-verbal task that includes 54 original photographs of fruits, objects and animals. We piloted MULES in a cohort of volunteers to determine feasibility, ranges of picture naming responses, and the relation of MULES time scores to those of King-Devick (K-D), a rapid number naming test. Methods A convenience sample (n = 20, age 34 ± 10) underwent MULES and K-D (spiral bound, iPad versions). Administration order was randomized; MULES tests were audio-recorded to provide objective data on temporal variability and ranges of picture naming responses. Results Scores for the best of two trials for all tests were 40\textendash50 s; average times required to name each MULES picture (0.72 ± 0.14 s) was greater than those needed for each K-D number ((spiral: 0.33 ± 0.05 s, iPad: 0.36 ± 0.06 s, 120 numbers), p \< 0.0001, paired t-test). MULES scores showed the greatest degree of improvement between trials (9.4 ± 4.8 s, p \< 0.0001 for trials 1 vs. 2), compared to K-D (spiral 1.5 ± 3.3 s, iPad 1.8 ± 3.4 s). Shorter MULES times demonstrated moderate and significant correlations with shorter iPad but not spiral K-D times (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). Conclusion The MULES test is a rapid picture naming task that may engage more extensive neural systems than more commonly used rapid number naming tasks. Rapid picture naming may require additional processing devoted to color perception, object identification, and categorization. Both tests rely on initiation and sequencing of saccadic eye movements. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {Concussion, King-Devick test, Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System, saccades, Sports, Vision},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Knowles, B M; Yu, H; Dennison, C R

Accuracy of a Wearable Sensor for Measures of Head Kinematics and Calculation of Brain Tissue Strain Journal Article

In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 2–11, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Kuhn, A W; Zuckerman, S L; Solomon, G S; Casson, I R; Viano, D C

Interrelationships Among Neuroimaging Biomarkers, Neuropsychological Test Data, and Symptom Reporting in a Cohort of Retired National Football League Players Journal Article

In: Sports Health, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 30–40, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: chronic impairment, Cognitive function, NATIONAL Football League, neuroimaging, Neuropsychological testing, neuroradiology, Sport-related concussion

@article{Kuhn2017,

title = {Interrelationships Among Neuroimaging Biomarkers, Neuropsychological Test Data, and Symptom Reporting in a Cohort of Retired National Football League Players},

author = {Kuhn, A W and Zuckerman, S L and Solomon, G S and Casson, I R and Viano, D C},

doi = {10.1177/1941738116674006},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Health},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

pages = {30--40},

abstract = {Background: Structural brain changes, potentially resulting from repetitive brain trauma (RBT), have been correlated with neurocognitive decline and increased symptom reporting in retired athletes. Hypothesis: In a cohort of retired National Football League (NFL) players, the relationships between 3 neuroimaging parameters, neuropsychological testing, and symptom scores will be significantly correlated. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 45 retired NFL players. Three neuroanatomical parameters were assessed by board-certified radiologists blinded to the purpose of the study: (1) the absence or presence of small or large cavum septum pellucidum, (2) a global mean score of fractional anisotropy (FA), and (3) the presence or absence of microhemorrhages. The subjects underwent a battery of 9 paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests, a computerized neurocognitive test, and multiple symptom and depression scales. The associations among the neuroimaging results with these outcome measures were assessed utilizing Pearson, Spearman rank, and point-biserial correlations. Results: The 45 subjects (mean age, 46.7 ± 9.1 years) reported a mean 6.9 (±6.2) concussions and 13.0 (±7.9) “dings” in the NFL. Ten (22%) did not have a cavum septum pellucidum, while 32 (71%) had a small and 3 (7%) had a large one. Four (9%) had microhemorrhages. Global FA mean was 0.459 (±0.035). The majority (50.8%) of correlations among the neuroimaging parameters and neurocognitive/symptom scores fell below the threshold of “small” effect size (r \< 0.10). The remaining (49.2%) correlations were between “small” and “medium” effect sizes (0.1 \< r \< 0.3). However, all correlations were statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: There were minimal and statistically nonsignificant correlations among the neuroimaging, neurocognitive, and symptom scores examined in this cohort of NFL retirees. Clinical Relevance: Associating the severity of structural brain changes to neurocognitive performance and symptom burden after RBT is complex may involve other moderating variables or biomarkers, and demands further study. © 2016, © 2016 The Author(s).},

keywords = {chronic impairment, Cognitive function, NATIONAL Football League, neuroimaging, Neuropsychological testing, neuroradiology, Sport-related concussion},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Multidisciplinary Management of Pediatric Sports-Related Concussion Journal Article

In: Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 24–34, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Ellis2017a,

title = {Multidisciplinary Management of Pediatric Sports-Related Concussion},

author = {Ellis, M J and Ritchie, L J and McDonald, P J and Cordingley, D and Reimer, K and Nijjar, S and Koltek, M and Hosain, S and Johnston, J and Mansouri, B and Sawyer, S and Silver, N and Girardin, R and Larkins, S and Vis, S and Selci, E and Davidson, M and Gregoire, S and Sam, A and Black, B and Bunge, M and Essig, M and MacDonald, P and Leiter, J and Russell, K},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences},

volume = {44},

number = {1},

pages = {24--34},

abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC) patients who were evaluated and managed at a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program and examine the healthcare resources and personnel required to meet the needs of this patient population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of all pediatric SRC patients referred to the Pan Am Concussion Program from September 1st, 2013 to May 25th, 2015. Initial assessments and diagnoses were carried out by a single neurosurgeon. Return-to-Play decision-making was carried out by the multidisciplinary team. RESULTS: 604 patients, including 423 pediatric SRC patients were evaluated at the Pan Am Concussion Program during the study period. The mean age of study patients was 14.30 years (SD: 2.32, range 7-19 years); 252 (59.57%) were males. Hockey (182; 43.03%) and soccer (60; 14.18%) were the most commonly played sports at the time of injury. Overall, 294 (69.50%) of SRC patients met the clinical criteria for concussion recovery, while 75 (17.73%) were lost to follow-up, and 53 (12.53%) remained in active treatment at the end of the study period. The median duration of symptoms among the 261 acute SRC patients with complete follow-up was 23 days (IQR: 15, 36). Overall, 25.30% of pediatric SRC patients underwent at least one diagnostic imaging test and 32.62% received referral to another member of our multidisciplinary clinical team. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive care of pediatric SRC patients requires access to appropriate diagnostic resources and the multidisciplinary collaboration of experts with national and provincially-recognized training in TBI.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Girardin, R; Ritchie, L; Johnston, J

Migraine with aura or sports-related concussion: Case report, pathophysiology, and multidisciplinary approach to management Journal Article

In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 14–18, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

Clark, J F; Elgendy-Peerman, H T; Divine, J G; Mangine, R E; Hasselfeld, K A; Khoury, J C; Colosimo, A J

Lack of eye discipline during headers in high school girls soccer: A possible mechanism for increased concussion rates Journal Article

In: Medical Hypotheses, vol. 100, pp. 10–14, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Clark2017,

title = {Lack of eye discipline during headers in high school girls soccer: A possible mechanism for increased concussion rates},

author = {Clark, J F and Elgendy-Peerman, H T and Divine, J G and Mangine, R E and Hasselfeld, K A and Khoury, J C and Colosimo, A J},

doi = {10.1016/j.mehy.2016.12.016},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Medical Hypotheses},

volume = {100},

pages = {10--14},

abstract = {The sport of soccer is the fastest growing and most popular sport worldwide. With this growth and popularity, attention needs to be given to this athletic population. Sports related concussions is a topic that has gained attention both in the media and by governmental organizations, with growing initiatives in diagnosis, prevention and treatment. The act of soccer heading is thought to contribute to increased concussion incidence. Current evidence reveals that within the high school soccer athletic population, female athletes incur a higher concussion rate than males. This is often attributed to many things including differing cervical spinal musculature, skull thickness, etc., but a definitive reason has not yet been found. Other behaviors, such as field awareness and eye discipline™ on the field of play, may also be contributing factors that result in females incurring a greater concussion rate than males. For the purposes of this paper we define eye discipline™ as the ability to keep the eyes engaged in sporting activity with high risk potential. We present our hypothesis that high school female soccer players are more likely to have their eyes closed when in position for heading the ball as compared to high school male soccer players and this lack of visual awareness may increase the risk of concussion. Should these differences be substantiated between males and females, it may initiate and promote discussion of the need for vision training in the high school athletic setting. As a tool for injury prevention, vision training may improve specific visual parameters improving athletes’ abilities to process the field of play and prepare for or avoid injury causing situations. Through ocular motor and visual conditioning, an athlete may become more eye disciplined™, and more likely to have their eyes open during heading of the ball, and more likely to avoid concussions. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Alosco, M L; Jarnagin, J; Tripodis, Y; Platt, M; Martin, B; Chaisson, C E; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A

Olfactory Function and Associated Clinical Correlates in Former National Football League Players Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 772–780, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Alosco2017,

title = {Olfactory Function and Associated Clinical Correlates in Former National Football League Players},

author = {Alosco, M L and Jarnagin, J and Tripodis, Y and Platt, M and Martin, B and Chaisson, C E and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {772--780},

abstract = {Professional American football players incur thousands of repetitive head impacts (RHIs) throughout their lifetime. The long-term consequences of RHI are not well characterized, but may include olfactory dysfunction. RHI has been associated with changes to brain regions involved in olfaction, and olfactory impairment is common after traumatic brain injury. Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent early sequelae of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), and RHI is associated with the neurodegenerative disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). We examined olfaction, and its association with clinical measures, in former National Football League (NFL) players. Ninety-five former NFL players (ages 40-69) and 28 same-age controls completed a neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric evaluation as part of a National Institutes of Health-funded study. The Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) assessed olfaction. Principal component analysis generated a four-factor structure of the clinical measures: behavioral/mood, psychomotor speed/executive function, and verbal and visual memory. Former NFL players had worse B-SIT scores relative to controls (p=0.0096). A B-SIT cutoff of 11 had the greatest accuracy (c-statistic=0.61) and specificity (79%) for discriminating former NFL players from controls. In the former NFL players, lower B-SIT scores correlated with greater behavioral/mood impairment (p=0.0254) and worse psychomotor speed/executive functioning (p=0.0464) after controlling for age and education. Former NFL players exhibited lower olfactory test scores relative to controls, and poorer olfactory test performance was associated with worse neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric functioning. Future work that uses more-comprehensive tests of olfaction and structural and functioning neuroimaging may improve understanding on the association between RHI and olfaction.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Gregory, E; West, T A; Cole, W R; Bailie, J M; McCulloch, K L; Ettenhofer, M L; Cecchini, A; Qashu, F M

In: Contemporary Clinical Trials, vol. 52, pp. 95–100, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Gregory2017,

title = {Use of a multi-level mixed methods approach to study the effectiveness of a primary care progressive return to activity protocol after acute mild traumatic brain injury/concussion in the military},

author = {Gregory, E and West, T A and Cole, W R and Bailie, J M and McCulloch, K L and Ettenhofer, M L and Cecchini, A and Qashu, F M},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Contemporary Clinical Trials},

volume = {52},

pages = {95--100},

abstract = {The large number of U.S. service members diagnosed with concussion/mild traumatic brain injury each year underscores the necessity for clear and effective clinical guidance for managing concussion. Relevant research continues to emerge supporting a gradual return to pre-injury activity levels without aggravating symptoms; however, available guidance does not provide detailed standards for this return to activity process. To fill this gap, the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center released a recommendation for primary care providers detailing a step-wise return to unrestricted activity during the acute phase of concussion. This guidance was developed in collaboration with an interdisciplinary group of clinical, military, and academic subject matter experts using an evidence-based approach. Systematic evaluation of the guidance is critical to ensure positive patient outcomes, to discover barriers to implementation by providers, and to identify ways to improve the recommendation. Here we describe a multi-level, mixed-methods approach to evaluate the recommendation incorporating outcomes from both patients and providers. Procedures were developed to implement the study within complex but ecologically-valid settings at multiple military treatment facilities and operational medical units. Special consideration was given to anticipated challenges such as the frequent movement of military personnel, selection of appropriate design and measures, study implementation at multiple sites, and involvement of multiple service branches (Army, Navy, and Marine Corps). We conclude by emphasizing the need to consider contemporary approaches for evaluating the effectiveness of clinical guidance.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

King, D; Hume, P; Gissane, C; Clark, T

Head impacts in a junior rugby league team measured with a wireless head impact sensor: an exploratory analysis Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 13–23, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Zusman, E E; Zopfi, P; Kuluva, J; Zuckerman, S

Can Ideas From United States Youth Sports Reduce Judo-Related Head Injuries in Japan? Journal Article

In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 97, pp. 725–727, 2017.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, head injury, judo, Secondary impact syndrome, Soccer, traumatic brain injury, Youth sports

Bailey, D M; Clark, J F; Myer, G D; Fisher, J A; Swenson, E R; Stacey, B S; Smith, J A; Owens, T S; Bailey, D M

Commentaries on Viewpoint: "Tighter fit" theory-physiologists explain why "higher altitude" and jugular occlusion are unlikely to reduce risks for sports concussion and brain injuries Journal Article

In: Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 122, no. 1, pp. 218–220, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

Black, A M; Sergio, L E; Macpherson, A K

The Epidemiology of Concussions: Number and Nature of Concussions and Time to Recovery Among Female and Male Canadian Varsity Athletes 2008 to 2011 Journal Article

In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 52–56, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Black2017,

title = {The Epidemiology of Concussions: Number and Nature of Concussions and Time to Recovery Among Female and Male Canadian Varsity Athletes 2008 to 2011},

author = {Black, A M and Sergio, L E and Macpherson, A K},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},

volume = {27},

number = {1},

pages = {52--56},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To provide incidence rates and days to symptom resolution and cognitive recovery stratified by sex and sport at a Canadian institution. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart analysis. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred fifty-nine varsity level athletes competing in men's football, men's and women's soccer, men's and women's volleyball, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's ice hockey, women's field hockey, women's rugby, men's and women's tennis, men's and women's water polo, men's and women's swimming, badminton, cross-country, and track and field in the 2008 to 2009 season through the 2010 to 2011 season. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of concussion, days to symptom recovery, and days to cognitive recovery as measured by clinical interpretation using the sports concussion assessment tool (SCAT)/SCAT2 and Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) with baseline and follow-up data. RESULTS: A total of 81 concussions were reported and diagnosed among 759 athletes. Significantly, more female athletes were concussed than male athletes (13.08%-7.53%, respectively; P = 0.014) with the highest rates in women's rugby [incidence density (ID) = 20.00 concussions per athlete-season], women's ice hockey (ID = 18.67 per athlete-season), and men's basketball (ID = 20.00 per athlete-season). Sex differences in symptom recovery and cognitive recovery were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of concussion across multiple sports in a Canadian varsity athlete population is of concern. There are inconsistencies found between the time an athlete claims to have no symptoms and the time of neurocognitive recovery as measured by computerized neurocognitive testing. Therefore, objective computerized testing is recommended to ensure that athletes are functionally recovered before return to play.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Asken, B M; Snyder, A R; Smith, M S; Zaremski, J L; Bauer, R M

Concussion-like symptom reporting in non-concussed adolescent athletes Journal Article

In: Clinical Neuropsychologist, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 138–153, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, biopsychosocial, Brain Injury, high school, Sport-related concussion

@article{Asken2017,

title = {Concussion-like symptom reporting in non-concussed adolescent athletes},

author = {Asken, B M and Snyder, A R and Smith, M S and Zaremski, J L and Bauer, R M},

doi = {10.1080/13854046.2016.1246672},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Clinical Neuropsychologist},

volume = {31},

number = {1},

pages = {138--153},

abstract = {Objective: The primary goals of this study were (1) to report rates of concussion-like symptoms in healthy adolescent student athletes assessed using the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) at baseline, (2) to examine rates of psychiatric diagnoses in this population, and (3) to evaluate effects of baseline symptoms on SCAT3 cognitive and balance performance. Methods: 349 adolescent student athletes (245 male) were administered the SCAT3 during pre-participation physical examinations. We described the prevalence rate of student athletes meeting criteria for International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, post-concussional syndrome (ICD-10 PCS) diagnosis at baseline, and evaluated associations between symptom reporting and demographic/medical history factors using chi-square tests. Rates of self-reported psychiatric diagnosis were compared to general population estimates with one-sample binomial tests. We also compared SCAT3 cognitive and balance performance between adolescents with and without baseline ICD-10 PCS symptoms. Results: Overall, 20.3% of participants met ICD-10 PCS criteria at baseline. Rates were similar across sexes and age groups. We found no statistical association with medical history factors. The proportion of student athletes reporting a history of psychiatric diagnosis (5.2%) was significantly lower than general population estimates (14.0%; p \<.001), and this effect was consistent across sexes and age groups. SCAT3 cognitive and balance performance did not differ based on baseline symptom reporting. Conclusions: Healthy adolescent student athletes frequently report concussion-like symptoms at baseline. Clinicians should factor pre-injury symptomatology and medical history into concussion management when determining symptom etiology throughout the course of recovery. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor \& Francis Group.},

keywords = {Adolescent, biopsychosocial, Brain Injury, high school, Sport-related concussion},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Bendlin, B B; Makdissi, M

Blood-based biomarkers for evaluating sport-related concussion: Back in the game Journal Article

In: Neurology, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 512–513, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

Hespanhol Junior, L C; van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E

Health and Economic Burden of Running-Related Injuries in Dutch Trailrunners: A Prospective Cohort Study Journal Article

In: Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 367–377, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{HespanholJunior2017,

title = {Health and Economic Burden of Running-Related Injuries in Dutch Trailrunners: A Prospective Cohort Study},

author = {{Hespanhol Junior}, L C and van Mechelen, W and Verhagen, E},

doi = {10.1007/s40279-016-0551-8},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Sports Medicine},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {367--377},

abstract = {Background: Trailrunning is becoming very popular. However, the risk and burden of running-related injuries (RRI) in trailrunning is not well established. Objective: To investigate the prevalence, injury rate, severity, nature, and economic burden of RRIs in Dutch trailrunners. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 228 trailrunners aged 18 years or over (range 23\textendash67), and was conducted between October 2013 and December 2014. After completing the baseline questionnaire, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems was administered every 2 weeks to collect data on RRIs. Participants who reported RRIs were asked about healthcare utilization (direct costs) and absenteeism from paid work (indirect costs). RRI was defined as disorders of the musculoskeletal system or concussions experienced or sustained during participation in running. Results: The mean prevalence of RRIs measured over time was 22.4 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 20.9\textendash24.0], and the injury rate was 10.7 RRIs per 1000 h of running (95 % CI 9.4\textendash12.1). The prevalence was higher for overuse (17.7 %; 95 % CI 15.9\textendash19.5) than for acute (4.1 %; 95 % CI 3.3\textendash5.0) RRIs. Also, the injury rate was higher for overuse (8.1; 95 % CI 6.9\textendash9.3) than for acute (2.7; 95 % CI 2.0\textendash3.4) RRIs. The median of the severity score was 35.0 [25\textendash75 %, interquartile range (IQR) 22.0\textendash55.7], and the median of the duration of RRIs was 2.0 weeks (IQR 2.0\textendash6.0) during the study. The total economic burden of RRIs was estimated at €172.22 (95 % CI 117.10\textendash271.74) per RRI, and €1849.49 (95 % CI 1180.62\textendash3058.91) per 1000 h of running. An RRI was estimated to have a direct cost of €60.92 (95 % CI 45.11\textendash94.90) and an indirect cost of €111.30 (95 % CI 61.02\textendash192.75). Conclusions: The health and economic burden of RRIs presented in this study are significant for trailrunners and for society. Therefore, efforts should be made in order to prevent RRIs in trailrunners. © 2016, The Author(s).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Wise, J

Heading football is related to concussion symptoms, study finds Journal Article

In: BMJ, vol. 356, pp. j569, 2017.

BibTeX | Tags:

Hardy, Richard; Jordan, Torri; Wolf, Allison; Johnson, Matteus; Brand, Jefferson

Concussions and Their Effects on Performance Measures of Major League Soccer Players: A Teaching Tool for Physical Education Teachers Journal Article

In: Physical Educator, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 150–163, 2017, ISBN: 00318981.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Career development, CONTROL groups (Research), Performance evaluation, Physical education teachers, SOCCER players

@article{Hardy2017,

title = {Concussions and Their Effects on Performance Measures of Major League Soccer Players: A Teaching Tool for Physical Education Teachers},

author = {Hardy, Richard and Jordan, Torri and Wolf, Allison and Johnson, Matteus and Brand, Jefferson},

doi = {10.18666/TPE-2017-V74-I1-6830},

isbn = {00318981},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Physical Educator},

volume = {74},

number = {1},

pages = {150--163},

publisher = {Sagamore Publishing},

abstract = {Concussions are a brain injury that affects the athlete on and off the playing field. The aim of our investigation was to give PE teachers another strategy to use in addition to the recommended approaches set forth by national organizations to convey the message to adolescents regarding the negative effects of concussion. Using the website www.mlssoccer.com, we evaluated the performance measures of MLS players. We compared career performance measures of a control group to the career performance measures of a concussed group, compared career performance measures per position, and compared career performance measures occurring prior to concussion onset to performance measures obtained after concussion occurrence for the concussed group. Of the 2,214 listed players, 288 were eligible for the study. From our sample, 34% sustained a concussion while competing in MLS and 66% were placed in the control group (nonconcussed). In a comparison of the control to the concussed group, total number of shots decreased per season for the concussed group. When the performance measures of both groups were compared by position, midfielders had fewer shots per season, and total shots on goal per season had a trend toward statistical significance. In the comparison of games measures before and after concussion, the total number of seasons and the average games played, total minutes, and shots on goal all decreased per season after concussion occurrence. Concussions negatively affected performance measures of MLS players. PE teachers can use this data to engage with their students about the importance of preventing concussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},

keywords = {Career development, CONTROL groups (Research), Performance evaluation, Physical education teachers, SOCCER players},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Effgen, G B; Morrison 3rd, B

Memantine Reduced Cell Death, Astrogliosis, and Functional Deficits in an in vitro Model of Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 934–942, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

Reider, Bruce

Activating the Omega 13 Journal Article

In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 275–277, 2017, ISBN: 03635465.

Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACL tear, Concussion, female athlete triad, football, Injury prevention, rugby, Soccer

Baugh, C M; Kroshus, E; Kiernan, P T; Mendel, D; Meehan 3rd, W P

Football Players' Perceptions of Future Risk of Concussion and Concussion-Related Health Outcomes Journal Article

In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 790–797, 2017.

Abstract | BibTeX | Tags:

@article{Baugh2017,

title = {Football Players' Perceptions of Future Risk of Concussion and Concussion-Related Health Outcomes},

author = {Baugh, C M and Kroshus, E and Kiernan, P T and Mendel, D and {Meehan 3rd}, W P},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {790--797},

abstract = {Concussion is increasingly recognized as a risk of participation in contact and collision sports. There have been few examinations of athletes' perceptions of their susceptibility to concussion or concussion-related health consequences. We examine college football players' perceptions of their risk of sustaining a concussion and concussion-related health consequences in their future, whether these perceptions change over time, and how concussion history is related to perceived future risk of concussion and concussion-related health consequences. A survey was administered to National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Championship Series athletes on 10 teams in 2013 and to nine of those teams in 2014. Athletes answered questions assessing their perceptions of concussion and potential concussion-related health consequences. Approximately 40% of athletes believed there was a strong possibility that they would sustain a concussion in the future, while approximately one-in-four thought a concussion would make them miss a few games. About one-in-10 athletes predicted dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or chronic traumatic encephalopathy would develop from concussions. These beliefs were stronger among athletes who had sustained previous concussions. Across the two years studied, athletes' perceptions of the risk of concussion and missing a few games because of concussion decreased significantly. Overall, a substantial proportion of college football players believe they will have long-term health consequences as a result of sustaining sport-related concussions. The true incidence and prevalence of many of these outcomes are unknown. Further research is needed to determine whether athletes have an accurate perception of the risks of these outcomes developing.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Grabowski, P; Wilson, J; Walker, A; Enz, D; Wang, S

Multimodal impairment-based physical therapy for the treatment of patients with post-concussion syndrome: A retrospective analysis on safety and feasibility Journal Article

In: Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 23, pp. 22–30, 2017.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Cardiovascular exercise, Concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, Physical therapy

@article{Grabowski2017,

title = {Multimodal impairment-based physical therapy for the treatment of patients with post-concussion syndrome: A retrospective analysis on safety and feasibility},

author = {Grabowski, P and Wilson, J and Walker, A and Enz, D and Wang, S},

doi = {10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.06.001},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Physical Therapy in Sport},

volume = {23},

pages = {22--30},

abstract = {Objective Demonstrate implementation, safety and feasibility of multimodal, impairment-based physical therapy (PT) combining vestibular/oculomotor and cervical rehabilitation with sub-symptom threshold exercise for the treatment of patients with post-concussion syndrome (PCS). Setting University hospital outpatient sports medicine facility. Participants Twenty-five patients (12\textendash20 years old) meeting World Health Organization criteria for PCS following sport-related concussion referred for supervised PT consisting of sub-symptom cardiovascular exercise, vestibular/oculomotor and cervical spine rehabilitation. Design Retrospective cohort. Main measures Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) total score, maximum symptom-free heart rate (SFHR) during graded exercise testing (GXT), GXT duration, balance error scoring system (BESS) score, and number of adverse events. Results Patients demonstrated a statistically significant decreasing trend (p \< 0.01) for total PCSS scores (pre-PT M = 18.2 (SD = 14.2), post-PT M = 9.1 (SD = 10.8), n = 25). Maximum SFHR achieved on GXT increased 23% (p \< 0.01, n = 14), and BESS errors decreased 52% (p \< 0.01, n = 13). Two patients reported mild symptom exacerbation with aerobic exercise at home, attenuated by adjustment of the home exercise program. Conclusions Multimodal, impairment-based PT is safe and associated with diminishing PCS symptoms. This establishes feasibility for future clinical trials to determine viable treatment approaches to reduce symptoms and improve function while avoiding negative repercussions of physical inactivity and premature return to full activity. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {Cardiovascular exercise, Concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, Physical therapy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

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