Bailly, N; Afquir, S; Laporte, J D; Melot, A; Savary, D; Seigneuret, E; Delay, J B; Donnadieu, T; Masson, C; Arnoux, P J
Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2017.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, head injury, Helmet, SKI, snowboard
@article{Bailly2017,
title = {Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders},
author = {Bailly, N and Afquir, S and Laporte, J D and Melot, A and Savary, D and Seigneuret, E and Delay, J B and Donnadieu, T and Masson, C and Arnoux, P J},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001078},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {49},
number = {1},
pages = {1--10},
abstract = {Purpose Mechanisms of injury and description of head impacts leading to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in skiers and snowboarders have not been extensively documented. We investigate snow sport crashes leading to TBI 1) to identify typical mechanisms leading to TBI to better target prevention measures and 2) to identify the injury mechanisms and the head impact conditions. Methods The subjects were skiers and snowboarders diagnosed of TBI and admitted between 2013 and 2015 to one of the 15 medical offices and three hospital centers involved in the study. The survey includes the description of the patients (age, sex, practice, skill level, and helmet use), the crash (type, location, estimated speed, causes, and fall description), and the injuries sustained (symptoms, head trauma scores, and other injuries). Sketches were used to describe the crash and impact locations. Clustering methods were used to distinguish profiles of injured participants. Results A total of 295 skiers and 71 snowboarders were interviewed. The most frequent type of mechanism was falls (54%), followed by collision between users (18%) and jumps (15%). Collision with obstacle (13%) caused the most serious TBI. Three categories of patients were identified. First, men age 16-25 yr are more involved in crash at high speed or in connection with a jump. Second, women, children (\<16 yr), and beginners are particularly injured in collisions between users. Third, those older than 50 yr, usually nonhelmeted, are frequently involved in falls. Ten crash scenarios were identified. Falling head first is the most frequent of skiers' falls (28%). Conclusion Crash scenarios leading to TBI were identified and associated with profiles of injured participants. Those results should help to better target TBI prevention and protection campaigns. © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Concussion, head injury, Helmet, SKI, snowboard},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lloyd, John
Biomechanics of motorcycle helmet protection Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 13, pp. A–84–A–84, 2016, ISBN: 08977151.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: accident, Accident victims -- Abstracts, Biomechanics -- Abstracts, Helmet, motorcycle, TBI, Traffic accidents -- Abstracts
@article{Lloyd2016,
title = {Biomechanics of motorcycle helmet protection},
author = {Lloyd, John},
isbn = {08977151},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {13},
pages = {A--84--A--84},
abstract = {Motorcycle accident victims account for more than 340,000 fatalities annually, with the Unites States ranking 8th highest worldwide in number of motorcycle accident deaths. Seventy-five percent of all fatal motorcycle accidents involve head and brain injury, with rotational forces acting on the brain the primary cause of mortality. Current motorcycle helmets are reasonably effective at reducing head injuries associated with blunt impact. However, the mechanism of traumatic brain injury is biomechanically very different from that associated with head injury. This biomechanics study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of current motorcycle helmets at reducing the risk of traumatic brain injuries, including hemorrhages and concussion. A variety of motorcycle helmet designs, including full-face, threequarter, half-helmets and novelty (non DOT) helmets were evaluated at impact speeds up to 25 mph using a validated test apparatus outfitted with a crash test dummy head and neck. Sensors installed at the center of gravity of the headform and on the helmet enabled high-speed data acquisition of linear and angular head kinematics associated with impact. Variables depicting the impact characteristics and protective properties of the helmet were computed using Matlab- and plot against established biomechanical thresholds for skull fracture, concussion and subdural hematoma. Results of this study indicate that larger, heavier helmets, such as full-face motorcycle helmets, seem to yield a higher risk of traumatic brain injuries, likely due to increased rotational inertia acting on the brain. Findings are also categorized according to the certification standard to which the respective helmets were designed, with interesting discoveries. Most alarming was the limited effectives of current motorcycle helmets in preventing concussion and severe traumatic brain injuries at even modest impact speeds. Considering that motorcyclists purchase protective headgear with the intent of protecting both the head and brain against acute injury it is anticipated that findings from this study will enable endusers to make better-informed purchase decisions. Moreover, it is hoped that knowledge learned from this study will enable the development of a new generation of advanced motorcycle helmets that offer improved protection against both head and brain injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {accident, Accident victims -- Abstracts, Biomechanics -- Abstracts, Helmet, motorcycle, TBI, Traffic accidents -- Abstracts},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tripathi, M; Shukla, D P; Bhat, D I; Bhagavatula, I D; Mishra, T
Craniofacial injuries in professional cricket: No more a red herring Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 40, no. 4, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Ball, Batsman, Concussion, Cricket, head injury, Helmet, Protective gears
@article{Tripathi2016,
title = {Craniofacial injuries in professional cricket: No more a red herring},
author = {Tripathi, M and Shukla, D P and Bhat, D I and Bhagavatula, I D and Mishra, T},
doi = {10.3171/2016.2.FOCUS15341},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {40},
number = {4},
abstract = {The issue of head injury in a noncontact sport like cricket is a matter of great debate and it carries more questions than answers. Recent incidents of fatal head injuries in individuals wearing a helmet have caused some to question the protective value of the helmet. The authors discuss the pattern, type of injury, incidents, and location of cranio-facio-ocular injuries in professional cricket to date. They evaluate the history of usage of the helmet in cricket, changes in design, and the protective value, and they compare the efficacy of various sports' helmets with injury profiles similar to those in cricket. The drop test and air cannon test are compared for impact energy attenuation performance of cricket helmets. A total of 36 cases of head injuries were identified, of which 5 (14%) were fatal and 9 (22%) were career-terminating events. Batsmen are the most vulnerable to injury, bearing 86% of the burden, followed by wicketkeepers (8%) and fielders (5.5%). In 53% of cases, the ball directly hit the head, while in 19.5% of cases the ball entered the gap between the peak and the faceguard. Ocular injuries to 3 wicketkeepers proved to be career-terminating injuries. The air cannon test is a better test for evaluating cricket helmets than the drop test. Craniofacial injuries are more common than popularly believed. There is an urgent need to improve the efficacy and compliance of protective restraints in cricket. A strict injury surveillance system with universal acceptance is needed to identify the burden of injuries and modes for their prevention. © AANS, 2016.},
keywords = {Ball, Batsman, Concussion, Cricket, head injury, Helmet, Protective gears},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stieg, P E; Perrine, K
Helmet Use and Traumatic Brain Injury in Snowboarding Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 86, pp. 65–68, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: brain hemorrhage, Concussion, disability, emergency ward, Female, head injury, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, Morbidity, MORTALITY, Neuroprotection, Review, skiing, skull fracture, Snowboarding, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States, winter sport
@article{Stieg2016,
title = {Helmet Use and Traumatic Brain Injury in Snowboarding},
author = {Stieg, P E and Perrine, K},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.044},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {86},
pages = {65--68},
keywords = {brain hemorrhage, Concussion, disability, emergency ward, Female, head injury, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, Morbidity, MORTALITY, Neuroprotection, Review, skiing, skull fracture, Snowboarding, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States, winter sport},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Whyte, Thomas; Gibson, Tom; Anderson, Robert; Eager, David; Milthorpe, Bruce
Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 1802–1807, 2016, ISBN: 0897-7151 1557-9042.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury
@article{Whyte2016,
title = {Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases},
author = {Whyte, Thomas and Gibson, Tom and Anderson, Robert and Eager, David and Milthorpe, Bruce},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4208},
isbn = {0897-7151
1557-9042},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {19},
pages = {1802--1807},
publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
address = {US},
abstract = {Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate for the observed injury profiles. This study analysed a collection of in-depth crash investigations of fatally injured helmeted riders in the Adelaide metropolitan region between 1983 and 1994 inclusive to review the head and neck injury patterns that resulted from specific types of impact. Inertial brain injury was sustained in 49% of examined cases, most often resulting from facial impacts but also in a large proportion of tangential, run over, and occipital impact cases. Focal brain and brainstem injury was also common (53%) and regularly associated with skull vault (11/12) and skull base fractures (22/31). Prevention of these fractures in impacts outside the area of required protection and in impacts with a straight edge would provide a significant increase in helmeted rider protection. Cervical spinal cord injury was sustained in facial, straight edge, and tangential impacts on the head. Motorcycle helmets are effective for preventing local skull fractures in impacts for which they are designed, whereas other serious injuries such as basilar skull fracture (BSF) and inertial brain injury persist despite helmet protection. Further impact test procedures should be developed for injurious impact types not currently assessed by major helmet standards, in particular facial impacts, and using test criteria based on commonly observed injuries. This study provides the necessary link, from impact load to injury, for guiding impact test development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)},
keywords = {2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brewster, R; Bi, W L; Smith, T R; Gormley, W B; Dunn, I F; Laws Jr., E R
The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 39, no. 1, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy
@article{Brewster2015,
title = {The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet},
author = {Brewster, R and Bi, W L and Smith, T R and Gormley, W B and Dunn, I F and {Laws Jr.}, E R},
doi = {10.3171/2015.3.FOCUS1552},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
abstract = {Baseball maintains one of the highest impact injury rates in all athletics. A principal causative factor is the "beanball," referring to a pitch thrown directly at a batter's head. Frequent morbidities elicited demand for the development of protective gear development in the 20th century. In this setting, Dr. Walter Dandy was commissioned to design a "protective cap" in 1941. His invention became widely adopted by professional baseball and inspired subsequent generations of batting helmets. As a baseball aficionado since his youth, Walter Dandy identified a natural partnership between baseball and medical practice for the reduction of beaning-related brain injuries. This history further supports the unique position of neurosurgeons to leverage clinical insights, inform innovation, and expand service to society. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bowman, T G; Breedlove, K M; Breedlove, E L; Dodge, T M; Nauman, E A
Impact attenuation properties of new and used lacrosse helmets Journal Article
In: Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 48, no. 14, pp. 3782–3787, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accident prevention, Article, Athletic Injuries, attenuation, brain concussion, Cracks, Drop test, Drops, Equipment Design, Gadd Severity Index, head impact, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, Helmet evaluation, human, Humans, Injuries, lacrosse helmet, Materials testing, mechanical stress, priority journal, protective equipment, racquet sport, Racquet Sports, recertification, rigidity, Safety devices, Severity index, Sporting goods, Sports Equipment, standards, stress strain relationship, velocity
@article{Bowman2015,
title = {Impact attenuation properties of new and used lacrosse helmets},
author = {Bowman, T G and Breedlove, K M and Breedlove, E L and Dodge, T M and Nauman, E A},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.08.026},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Biomechanics},
volume = {48},
number = {14},
pages = {3782--3787},
abstract = {The National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) has developed impact attenuation thresholds that protective helmets worn in sport must meet to be commercially available in an attempt to prevent injury. It remains unknown how normal helmet use in athletic activity alters the force attenuation ability of lacrosse helmets. We tested 3 new and 3 randomly selected used helmets from 2 popular lacrosse models (Cascade Pro7, Cascade CPXR). All used helmets had been worn for 3 collegiate seasons prior to testing and had never been refurbished. Helmets were drop-tested using 3 prescribed impact velocities at 6 locations according to the NOCSAE lacrosse helmet standard, and we compared the Gadd Severity Index (GSI) scores between new and used helmets using a repeated measure ANOVA with location as the repeated variable and data separated by impact velocity. All 12 helmets passed the NOCSAE GSI threshold for all testing conditions; however 1 used helmet shell cracked resulting in a failed test. We found a significant main effect for helmet age at the low (F5},
keywords = {Accident prevention, Article, Athletic Injuries, attenuation, brain concussion, Cracks, Drop test, Drops, Equipment Design, Gadd Severity Index, head impact, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, Helmet evaluation, human, Humans, Injuries, lacrosse helmet, Materials testing, mechanical stress, priority journal, protective equipment, racquet sport, Racquet Sports, recertification, rigidity, Safety devices, Severity index, Sporting goods, Sports Equipment, standards, stress strain relationship, velocity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
KrzeminskI, David E; Goetz, James T; Janisse, Andrew P; Lippa, Nadine M; Gould, Trenton E; RawlinS, James W; Piland, Scott G
Investigation of linear impact energy management and product claims of a novel American football helmet liner component Journal Article
In: Sports Technology, vol. 4, no. 1/2, pp. 65–76, 2011, ISBN: 19346182.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *FOOTBALL equipment, *FOOTBALL helmets, *FOOTBALL injuries, *PROTECTIVE equipment (Sporting goods), *SPORTS -- Safety measures, *SPORTS injuries, air chamber, brain injury of concussion, DESIGN & construction, energy absorber, Helmet, impact energy attenuation, SOCIAL aspects
@article{KrzeminskI2011,
title = {Investigation of linear impact energy management and product claims of a novel American football helmet liner component},
author = {KrzeminskI, David E and Goetz, James T and Janisse, Andrew P and Lippa, Nadine M and Gould, Trenton E and RawlinS, James W and Piland, Scott G},
isbn = {19346182},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Sports Technology},
volume = {4},
number = {1/2},
pages = {65--76},
abstract = {The article discusses a study concerning the linear impact energy management and high prevalence of the brain injury of concussion in athletes. It states the products claims of novel American football helmet and protective technologies. It also emphasizes the request of the American football to conduct investigations involving the increasing rate of concussive injuries.},
keywords = {*Athletes, *FOOTBALL equipment, *FOOTBALL helmets, *FOOTBALL injuries, *PROTECTIVE equipment (Sporting goods), *SPORTS -- Safety measures, *SPORTS injuries, air chamber, brain injury of concussion, DESIGN \& construction, energy absorber, Helmet, impact energy attenuation, SOCIAL aspects},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bailly, N; Afquir, S; Laporte, J D; Melot, A; Savary, D; Seigneuret, E; Delay, J B; Donnadieu, T; Masson, C; Arnoux, P J
Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2017.
@article{Bailly2017,
title = {Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders},
author = {Bailly, N and Afquir, S and Laporte, J D and Melot, A and Savary, D and Seigneuret, E and Delay, J B and Donnadieu, T and Masson, C and Arnoux, P J},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001078},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {49},
number = {1},
pages = {1--10},
abstract = {Purpose Mechanisms of injury and description of head impacts leading to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in skiers and snowboarders have not been extensively documented. We investigate snow sport crashes leading to TBI 1) to identify typical mechanisms leading to TBI to better target prevention measures and 2) to identify the injury mechanisms and the head impact conditions. Methods The subjects were skiers and snowboarders diagnosed of TBI and admitted between 2013 and 2015 to one of the 15 medical offices and three hospital centers involved in the study. The survey includes the description of the patients (age, sex, practice, skill level, and helmet use), the crash (type, location, estimated speed, causes, and fall description), and the injuries sustained (symptoms, head trauma scores, and other injuries). Sketches were used to describe the crash and impact locations. Clustering methods were used to distinguish profiles of injured participants. Results A total of 295 skiers and 71 snowboarders were interviewed. The most frequent type of mechanism was falls (54%), followed by collision between users (18%) and jumps (15%). Collision with obstacle (13%) caused the most serious TBI. Three categories of patients were identified. First, men age 16-25 yr are more involved in crash at high speed or in connection with a jump. Second, women, children (\<16 yr), and beginners are particularly injured in collisions between users. Third, those older than 50 yr, usually nonhelmeted, are frequently involved in falls. Ten crash scenarios were identified. Falling head first is the most frequent of skiers' falls (28%). Conclusion Crash scenarios leading to TBI were identified and associated with profiles of injured participants. Those results should help to better target TBI prevention and protection campaigns. © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lloyd, John
Biomechanics of motorcycle helmet protection Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 13, pp. A–84–A–84, 2016, ISBN: 08977151.
@article{Lloyd2016,
title = {Biomechanics of motorcycle helmet protection},
author = {Lloyd, John},
isbn = {08977151},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {13},
pages = {A--84--A--84},
abstract = {Motorcycle accident victims account for more than 340,000 fatalities annually, with the Unites States ranking 8th highest worldwide in number of motorcycle accident deaths. Seventy-five percent of all fatal motorcycle accidents involve head and brain injury, with rotational forces acting on the brain the primary cause of mortality. Current motorcycle helmets are reasonably effective at reducing head injuries associated with blunt impact. However, the mechanism of traumatic brain injury is biomechanically very different from that associated with head injury. This biomechanics study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of current motorcycle helmets at reducing the risk of traumatic brain injuries, including hemorrhages and concussion. A variety of motorcycle helmet designs, including full-face, threequarter, half-helmets and novelty (non DOT) helmets were evaluated at impact speeds up to 25 mph using a validated test apparatus outfitted with a crash test dummy head and neck. Sensors installed at the center of gravity of the headform and on the helmet enabled high-speed data acquisition of linear and angular head kinematics associated with impact. Variables depicting the impact characteristics and protective properties of the helmet were computed using Matlab- and plot against established biomechanical thresholds for skull fracture, concussion and subdural hematoma. Results of this study indicate that larger, heavier helmets, such as full-face motorcycle helmets, seem to yield a higher risk of traumatic brain injuries, likely due to increased rotational inertia acting on the brain. Findings are also categorized according to the certification standard to which the respective helmets were designed, with interesting discoveries. Most alarming was the limited effectives of current motorcycle helmets in preventing concussion and severe traumatic brain injuries at even modest impact speeds. Considering that motorcyclists purchase protective headgear with the intent of protecting both the head and brain against acute injury it is anticipated that findings from this study will enable endusers to make better-informed purchase decisions. Moreover, it is hoped that knowledge learned from this study will enable the development of a new generation of advanced motorcycle helmets that offer improved protection against both head and brain injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tripathi, M; Shukla, D P; Bhat, D I; Bhagavatula, I D; Mishra, T
Craniofacial injuries in professional cricket: No more a red herring Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 40, no. 4, 2016.
@article{Tripathi2016,
title = {Craniofacial injuries in professional cricket: No more a red herring},
author = {Tripathi, M and Shukla, D P and Bhat, D I and Bhagavatula, I D and Mishra, T},
doi = {10.3171/2016.2.FOCUS15341},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {40},
number = {4},
abstract = {The issue of head injury in a noncontact sport like cricket is a matter of great debate and it carries more questions than answers. Recent incidents of fatal head injuries in individuals wearing a helmet have caused some to question the protective value of the helmet. The authors discuss the pattern, type of injury, incidents, and location of cranio-facio-ocular injuries in professional cricket to date. They evaluate the history of usage of the helmet in cricket, changes in design, and the protective value, and they compare the efficacy of various sports' helmets with injury profiles similar to those in cricket. The drop test and air cannon test are compared for impact energy attenuation performance of cricket helmets. A total of 36 cases of head injuries were identified, of which 5 (14%) were fatal and 9 (22%) were career-terminating events. Batsmen are the most vulnerable to injury, bearing 86% of the burden, followed by wicketkeepers (8%) and fielders (5.5%). In 53% of cases, the ball directly hit the head, while in 19.5% of cases the ball entered the gap between the peak and the faceguard. Ocular injuries to 3 wicketkeepers proved to be career-terminating injuries. The air cannon test is a better test for evaluating cricket helmets than the drop test. Craniofacial injuries are more common than popularly believed. There is an urgent need to improve the efficacy and compliance of protective restraints in cricket. A strict injury surveillance system with universal acceptance is needed to identify the burden of injuries and modes for their prevention. © AANS, 2016.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stieg, P E; Perrine, K
Helmet Use and Traumatic Brain Injury in Snowboarding Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 86, pp. 65–68, 2016.
@article{Stieg2016,
title = {Helmet Use and Traumatic Brain Injury in Snowboarding},
author = {Stieg, P E and Perrine, K},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.044},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {86},
pages = {65--68},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Whyte, Thomas; Gibson, Tom; Anderson, Robert; Eager, David; Milthorpe, Bruce
Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 1802–1807, 2016, ISBN: 0897-7151 1557-9042.
@article{Whyte2016,
title = {Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases},
author = {Whyte, Thomas and Gibson, Tom and Anderson, Robert and Eager, David and Milthorpe, Bruce},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4208},
isbn = {0897-7151
1557-9042},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {19},
pages = {1802--1807},
publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
address = {US},
abstract = {Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate for the observed injury profiles. This study analysed a collection of in-depth crash investigations of fatally injured helmeted riders in the Adelaide metropolitan region between 1983 and 1994 inclusive to review the head and neck injury patterns that resulted from specific types of impact. Inertial brain injury was sustained in 49% of examined cases, most often resulting from facial impacts but also in a large proportion of tangential, run over, and occipital impact cases. Focal brain and brainstem injury was also common (53%) and regularly associated with skull vault (11/12) and skull base fractures (22/31). Prevention of these fractures in impacts outside the area of required protection and in impacts with a straight edge would provide a significant increase in helmeted rider protection. Cervical spinal cord injury was sustained in facial, straight edge, and tangential impacts on the head. Motorcycle helmets are effective for preventing local skull fractures in impacts for which they are designed, whereas other serious injuries such as basilar skull fracture (BSF) and inertial brain injury persist despite helmet protection. Further impact test procedures should be developed for injurious impact types not currently assessed by major helmet standards, in particular facial impacts, and using test criteria based on commonly observed injuries. This study provides the necessary link, from impact load to injury, for guiding impact test development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brewster, R; Bi, W L; Smith, T R; Gormley, W B; Dunn, I F; Laws Jr., E R
The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 39, no. 1, 2015.
@article{Brewster2015,
title = {The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet},
author = {Brewster, R and Bi, W L and Smith, T R and Gormley, W B and Dunn, I F and {Laws Jr.}, E R},
doi = {10.3171/2015.3.FOCUS1552},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
abstract = {Baseball maintains one of the highest impact injury rates in all athletics. A principal causative factor is the "beanball," referring to a pitch thrown directly at a batter's head. Frequent morbidities elicited demand for the development of protective gear development in the 20th century. In this setting, Dr. Walter Dandy was commissioned to design a "protective cap" in 1941. His invention became widely adopted by professional baseball and inspired subsequent generations of batting helmets. As a baseball aficionado since his youth, Walter Dandy identified a natural partnership between baseball and medical practice for the reduction of beaning-related brain injuries. This history further supports the unique position of neurosurgeons to leverage clinical insights, inform innovation, and expand service to society. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bowman, T G; Breedlove, K M; Breedlove, E L; Dodge, T M; Nauman, E A
Impact attenuation properties of new and used lacrosse helmets Journal Article
In: Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 48, no. 14, pp. 3782–3787, 2015.
@article{Bowman2015,
title = {Impact attenuation properties of new and used lacrosse helmets},
author = {Bowman, T G and Breedlove, K M and Breedlove, E L and Dodge, T M and Nauman, E A},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.08.026},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Biomechanics},
volume = {48},
number = {14},
pages = {3782--3787},
abstract = {The National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) has developed impact attenuation thresholds that protective helmets worn in sport must meet to be commercially available in an attempt to prevent injury. It remains unknown how normal helmet use in athletic activity alters the force attenuation ability of lacrosse helmets. We tested 3 new and 3 randomly selected used helmets from 2 popular lacrosse models (Cascade Pro7, Cascade CPXR). All used helmets had been worn for 3 collegiate seasons prior to testing and had never been refurbished. Helmets were drop-tested using 3 prescribed impact velocities at 6 locations according to the NOCSAE lacrosse helmet standard, and we compared the Gadd Severity Index (GSI) scores between new and used helmets using a repeated measure ANOVA with location as the repeated variable and data separated by impact velocity. All 12 helmets passed the NOCSAE GSI threshold for all testing conditions; however 1 used helmet shell cracked resulting in a failed test. We found a significant main effect for helmet age at the low (F5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
KrzeminskI, David E; Goetz, James T; Janisse, Andrew P; Lippa, Nadine M; Gould, Trenton E; RawlinS, James W; Piland, Scott G
Investigation of linear impact energy management and product claims of a novel American football helmet liner component Journal Article
In: Sports Technology, vol. 4, no. 1/2, pp. 65–76, 2011, ISBN: 19346182.
@article{KrzeminskI2011,
title = {Investigation of linear impact energy management and product claims of a novel American football helmet liner component},
author = {KrzeminskI, David E and Goetz, James T and Janisse, Andrew P and Lippa, Nadine M and Gould, Trenton E and RawlinS, James W and Piland, Scott G},
isbn = {19346182},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Sports Technology},
volume = {4},
number = {1/2},
pages = {65--76},
abstract = {The article discusses a study concerning the linear impact energy management and high prevalence of the brain injury of concussion in athletes. It states the products claims of novel American football helmet and protective technologies. It also emphasizes the request of the American football to conduct investigations involving the increasing rate of concussive injuries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bailly, N; Afquir, S; Laporte, J D; Melot, A; Savary, D; Seigneuret, E; Delay, J B; Donnadieu, T; Masson, C; Arnoux, P J
Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2017.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussion, head injury, Helmet, SKI, snowboard
@article{Bailly2017,
title = {Analysis of Injury Mechanisms in Head Injuries in Skiers and Snowboarders},
author = {Bailly, N and Afquir, S and Laporte, J D and Melot, A and Savary, D and Seigneuret, E and Delay, J B and Donnadieu, T and Masson, C and Arnoux, P J},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001078},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {49},
number = {1},
pages = {1--10},
abstract = {Purpose Mechanisms of injury and description of head impacts leading to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in skiers and snowboarders have not been extensively documented. We investigate snow sport crashes leading to TBI 1) to identify typical mechanisms leading to TBI to better target prevention measures and 2) to identify the injury mechanisms and the head impact conditions. Methods The subjects were skiers and snowboarders diagnosed of TBI and admitted between 2013 and 2015 to one of the 15 medical offices and three hospital centers involved in the study. The survey includes the description of the patients (age, sex, practice, skill level, and helmet use), the crash (type, location, estimated speed, causes, and fall description), and the injuries sustained (symptoms, head trauma scores, and other injuries). Sketches were used to describe the crash and impact locations. Clustering methods were used to distinguish profiles of injured participants. Results A total of 295 skiers and 71 snowboarders were interviewed. The most frequent type of mechanism was falls (54%), followed by collision between users (18%) and jumps (15%). Collision with obstacle (13%) caused the most serious TBI. Three categories of patients were identified. First, men age 16-25 yr are more involved in crash at high speed or in connection with a jump. Second, women, children (\<16 yr), and beginners are particularly injured in collisions between users. Third, those older than 50 yr, usually nonhelmeted, are frequently involved in falls. Ten crash scenarios were identified. Falling head first is the most frequent of skiers' falls (28%). Conclusion Crash scenarios leading to TBI were identified and associated with profiles of injured participants. Those results should help to better target TBI prevention and protection campaigns. © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Concussion, head injury, Helmet, SKI, snowboard},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lloyd, John
Biomechanics of motorcycle helmet protection Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 13, pp. A–84–A–84, 2016, ISBN: 08977151.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: accident, Accident victims -- Abstracts, Biomechanics -- Abstracts, Helmet, motorcycle, TBI, Traffic accidents -- Abstracts
@article{Lloyd2016,
title = {Biomechanics of motorcycle helmet protection},
author = {Lloyd, John},
isbn = {08977151},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {13},
pages = {A--84--A--84},
abstract = {Motorcycle accident victims account for more than 340,000 fatalities annually, with the Unites States ranking 8th highest worldwide in number of motorcycle accident deaths. Seventy-five percent of all fatal motorcycle accidents involve head and brain injury, with rotational forces acting on the brain the primary cause of mortality. Current motorcycle helmets are reasonably effective at reducing head injuries associated with blunt impact. However, the mechanism of traumatic brain injury is biomechanically very different from that associated with head injury. This biomechanics study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of current motorcycle helmets at reducing the risk of traumatic brain injuries, including hemorrhages and concussion. A variety of motorcycle helmet designs, including full-face, threequarter, half-helmets and novelty (non DOT) helmets were evaluated at impact speeds up to 25 mph using a validated test apparatus outfitted with a crash test dummy head and neck. Sensors installed at the center of gravity of the headform and on the helmet enabled high-speed data acquisition of linear and angular head kinematics associated with impact. Variables depicting the impact characteristics and protective properties of the helmet were computed using Matlab- and plot against established biomechanical thresholds for skull fracture, concussion and subdural hematoma. Results of this study indicate that larger, heavier helmets, such as full-face motorcycle helmets, seem to yield a higher risk of traumatic brain injuries, likely due to increased rotational inertia acting on the brain. Findings are also categorized according to the certification standard to which the respective helmets were designed, with interesting discoveries. Most alarming was the limited effectives of current motorcycle helmets in preventing concussion and severe traumatic brain injuries at even modest impact speeds. Considering that motorcyclists purchase protective headgear with the intent of protecting both the head and brain against acute injury it is anticipated that findings from this study will enable endusers to make better-informed purchase decisions. Moreover, it is hoped that knowledge learned from this study will enable the development of a new generation of advanced motorcycle helmets that offer improved protection against both head and brain injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {accident, Accident victims -- Abstracts, Biomechanics -- Abstracts, Helmet, motorcycle, TBI, Traffic accidents -- Abstracts},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tripathi, M; Shukla, D P; Bhat, D I; Bhagavatula, I D; Mishra, T
Craniofacial injuries in professional cricket: No more a red herring Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 40, no. 4, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Ball, Batsman, Concussion, Cricket, head injury, Helmet, Protective gears
@article{Tripathi2016,
title = {Craniofacial injuries in professional cricket: No more a red herring},
author = {Tripathi, M and Shukla, D P and Bhat, D I and Bhagavatula, I D and Mishra, T},
doi = {10.3171/2016.2.FOCUS15341},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {40},
number = {4},
abstract = {The issue of head injury in a noncontact sport like cricket is a matter of great debate and it carries more questions than answers. Recent incidents of fatal head injuries in individuals wearing a helmet have caused some to question the protective value of the helmet. The authors discuss the pattern, type of injury, incidents, and location of cranio-facio-ocular injuries in professional cricket to date. They evaluate the history of usage of the helmet in cricket, changes in design, and the protective value, and they compare the efficacy of various sports' helmets with injury profiles similar to those in cricket. The drop test and air cannon test are compared for impact energy attenuation performance of cricket helmets. A total of 36 cases of head injuries were identified, of which 5 (14%) were fatal and 9 (22%) were career-terminating events. Batsmen are the most vulnerable to injury, bearing 86% of the burden, followed by wicketkeepers (8%) and fielders (5.5%). In 53% of cases, the ball directly hit the head, while in 19.5% of cases the ball entered the gap between the peak and the faceguard. Ocular injuries to 3 wicketkeepers proved to be career-terminating injuries. The air cannon test is a better test for evaluating cricket helmets than the drop test. Craniofacial injuries are more common than popularly believed. There is an urgent need to improve the efficacy and compliance of protective restraints in cricket. A strict injury surveillance system with universal acceptance is needed to identify the burden of injuries and modes for their prevention. © AANS, 2016.},
keywords = {Ball, Batsman, Concussion, Cricket, head injury, Helmet, Protective gears},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stieg, P E; Perrine, K
Helmet Use and Traumatic Brain Injury in Snowboarding Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 86, pp. 65–68, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: brain hemorrhage, Concussion, disability, emergency ward, Female, head injury, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, Morbidity, MORTALITY, Neuroprotection, Review, skiing, skull fracture, Snowboarding, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States, winter sport
@article{Stieg2016,
title = {Helmet Use and Traumatic Brain Injury in Snowboarding},
author = {Stieg, P E and Perrine, K},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.044},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {86},
pages = {65--68},
keywords = {brain hemorrhage, Concussion, disability, emergency ward, Female, head injury, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, Morbidity, MORTALITY, Neuroprotection, Review, skiing, skull fracture, Snowboarding, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States, winter sport},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Whyte, Thomas; Gibson, Tom; Anderson, Robert; Eager, David; Milthorpe, Bruce
Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 1802–1807, 2016, ISBN: 0897-7151 1557-9042.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury
@article{Whyte2016,
title = {Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases},
author = {Whyte, Thomas and Gibson, Tom and Anderson, Robert and Eager, David and Milthorpe, Bruce},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4208},
isbn = {0897-7151
1557-9042},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {19},
pages = {1802--1807},
publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
address = {US},
abstract = {Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate for the observed injury profiles. This study analysed a collection of in-depth crash investigations of fatally injured helmeted riders in the Adelaide metropolitan region between 1983 and 1994 inclusive to review the head and neck injury patterns that resulted from specific types of impact. Inertial brain injury was sustained in 49% of examined cases, most often resulting from facial impacts but also in a large proportion of tangential, run over, and occipital impact cases. Focal brain and brainstem injury was also common (53%) and regularly associated with skull vault (11/12) and skull base fractures (22/31). Prevention of these fractures in impacts outside the area of required protection and in impacts with a straight edge would provide a significant increase in helmeted rider protection. Cervical spinal cord injury was sustained in facial, straight edge, and tangential impacts on the head. Motorcycle helmets are effective for preventing local skull fractures in impacts for which they are designed, whereas other serious injuries such as basilar skull fracture (BSF) and inertial brain injury persist despite helmet protection. Further impact test procedures should be developed for injurious impact types not currently assessed by major helmet standards, in particular facial impacts, and using test criteria based on commonly observed injuries. This study provides the necessary link, from impact load to injury, for guiding impact test development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)},
keywords = {2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brewster, R; Bi, W L; Smith, T R; Gormley, W B; Dunn, I F; Laws Jr., E R
The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 39, no. 1, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy
@article{Brewster2015,
title = {The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet},
author = {Brewster, R and Bi, W L and Smith, T R and Gormley, W B and Dunn, I F and {Laws Jr.}, E R},
doi = {10.3171/2015.3.FOCUS1552},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
abstract = {Baseball maintains one of the highest impact injury rates in all athletics. A principal causative factor is the "beanball," referring to a pitch thrown directly at a batter's head. Frequent morbidities elicited demand for the development of protective gear development in the 20th century. In this setting, Dr. Walter Dandy was commissioned to design a "protective cap" in 1941. His invention became widely adopted by professional baseball and inspired subsequent generations of batting helmets. As a baseball aficionado since his youth, Walter Dandy identified a natural partnership between baseball and medical practice for the reduction of beaning-related brain injuries. This history further supports the unique position of neurosurgeons to leverage clinical insights, inform innovation, and expand service to society. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bowman, T G; Breedlove, K M; Breedlove, E L; Dodge, T M; Nauman, E A
Impact attenuation properties of new and used lacrosse helmets Journal Article
In: Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 48, no. 14, pp. 3782–3787, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accident prevention, Article, Athletic Injuries, attenuation, brain concussion, Cracks, Drop test, Drops, Equipment Design, Gadd Severity Index, head impact, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, Helmet evaluation, human, Humans, Injuries, lacrosse helmet, Materials testing, mechanical stress, priority journal, protective equipment, racquet sport, Racquet Sports, recertification, rigidity, Safety devices, Severity index, Sporting goods, Sports Equipment, standards, stress strain relationship, velocity
@article{Bowman2015,
title = {Impact attenuation properties of new and used lacrosse helmets},
author = {Bowman, T G and Breedlove, K M and Breedlove, E L and Dodge, T M and Nauman, E A},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.08.026},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Biomechanics},
volume = {48},
number = {14},
pages = {3782--3787},
abstract = {The National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) has developed impact attenuation thresholds that protective helmets worn in sport must meet to be commercially available in an attempt to prevent injury. It remains unknown how normal helmet use in athletic activity alters the force attenuation ability of lacrosse helmets. We tested 3 new and 3 randomly selected used helmets from 2 popular lacrosse models (Cascade Pro7, Cascade CPXR). All used helmets had been worn for 3 collegiate seasons prior to testing and had never been refurbished. Helmets were drop-tested using 3 prescribed impact velocities at 6 locations according to the NOCSAE lacrosse helmet standard, and we compared the Gadd Severity Index (GSI) scores between new and used helmets using a repeated measure ANOVA with location as the repeated variable and data separated by impact velocity. All 12 helmets passed the NOCSAE GSI threshold for all testing conditions; however 1 used helmet shell cracked resulting in a failed test. We found a significant main effect for helmet age at the low (F5},
keywords = {Accident prevention, Article, Athletic Injuries, attenuation, brain concussion, Cracks, Drop test, Drops, Equipment Design, Gadd Severity Index, head impact, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, Helmet evaluation, human, Humans, Injuries, lacrosse helmet, Materials testing, mechanical stress, priority journal, protective equipment, racquet sport, Racquet Sports, recertification, rigidity, Safety devices, Severity index, Sporting goods, Sports Equipment, standards, stress strain relationship, velocity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
KrzeminskI, David E; Goetz, James T; Janisse, Andrew P; Lippa, Nadine M; Gould, Trenton E; RawlinS, James W; Piland, Scott G
Investigation of linear impact energy management and product claims of a novel American football helmet liner component Journal Article
In: Sports Technology, vol. 4, no. 1/2, pp. 65–76, 2011, ISBN: 19346182.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *FOOTBALL equipment, *FOOTBALL helmets, *FOOTBALL injuries, *PROTECTIVE equipment (Sporting goods), *SPORTS -- Safety measures, *SPORTS injuries, air chamber, brain injury of concussion, DESIGN & construction, energy absorber, Helmet, impact energy attenuation, SOCIAL aspects
@article{KrzeminskI2011,
title = {Investigation of linear impact energy management and product claims of a novel American football helmet liner component},
author = {KrzeminskI, David E and Goetz, James T and Janisse, Andrew P and Lippa, Nadine M and Gould, Trenton E and RawlinS, James W and Piland, Scott G},
isbn = {19346182},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Sports Technology},
volume = {4},
number = {1/2},
pages = {65--76},
abstract = {The article discusses a study concerning the linear impact energy management and high prevalence of the brain injury of concussion in athletes. It states the products claims of novel American football helmet and protective technologies. It also emphasizes the request of the American football to conduct investigations involving the increasing rate of concussive injuries.},
keywords = {*Athletes, *FOOTBALL equipment, *FOOTBALL helmets, *FOOTBALL injuries, *PROTECTIVE equipment (Sporting goods), *SPORTS -- Safety measures, *SPORTS injuries, air chamber, brain injury of concussion, DESIGN \& construction, energy absorber, Helmet, impact energy attenuation, SOCIAL aspects},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}