Whyte, Thomas; Gibson, Tom; Anderson, Robert; Eager, David; Milthorpe, Bruce
Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 1802–1807, 2016, ISBN: 0897-7151 1557-9042.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury
@article{Whyte2016,
title = {Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases},
author = {Whyte, Thomas and Gibson, Tom and Anderson, Robert and Eager, David and Milthorpe, Bruce},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4208},
isbn = {0897-7151
1557-9042},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {19},
pages = {1802--1807},
publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
address = {US},
abstract = {Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate for the observed injury profiles. This study analysed a collection of in-depth crash investigations of fatally injured helmeted riders in the Adelaide metropolitan region between 1983 and 1994 inclusive to review the head and neck injury patterns that resulted from specific types of impact. Inertial brain injury was sustained in 49% of examined cases, most often resulting from facial impacts but also in a large proportion of tangential, run over, and occipital impact cases. Focal brain and brainstem injury was also common (53%) and regularly associated with skull vault (11/12) and skull base fractures (22/31). Prevention of these fractures in impacts outside the area of required protection and in impacts with a straight edge would provide a significant increase in helmeted rider protection. Cervical spinal cord injury was sustained in facial, straight edge, and tangential impacts on the head. Motorcycle helmets are effective for preventing local skull fractures in impacts for which they are designed, whereas other serious injuries such as basilar skull fracture (BSF) and inertial brain injury persist despite helmet protection. Further impact test procedures should be developed for injurious impact types not currently assessed by major helmet standards, in particular facial impacts, and using test criteria based on commonly observed injuries. This study provides the necessary link, from impact load to injury, for guiding impact test development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)},
keywords = {2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Yoshida, Toru; Maeda, Noriaki; Matono, Kei; Toyama, Yukimasa
Survey Results of Compulsory Wearing of Mouthguards in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament Journal Article
In: Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 26–32, 2007, ISBN: 1344140X.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *ATHLETICS -- Equipment & supplies, *Mouth Protectors, *RUGBY football -- Competitions, *TEETH -- Wounds & injuries, Concussion, JAPAN, Mouthguard, obligation, standardization, SURVEYS, traumatic injury
@article{Yoshida2007,
title = {Survey Results of Compulsory Wearing of Mouthguards in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament},
author = {Yoshida, Toru and Maeda, Noriaki and Matono, Kei and Toyama, Yukimasa},
isbn = {1344140X},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {26--32},
abstract = {The players in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament were required to wear a mouthguard following enactment of a domestic law for the game in Japan in December 2005. In this article, we report the results of the questionnaire survey to the players. The all players according to the survey the 79.8% of the players had already worn a mouthguard before the enactment of the law. On the contrary, the all players ware a mouthguard in this tournament. In the investigation of the same tournament 9 years ago, the prevalence of wearing a mouthguard was 44.4%. Mouthguards have now become very popular for high school players in Japan. Tooth injuries were reported in 34 players (2.7%) compared with in 81 players (6.4%) 9 years ago. 75.7% of the players had their mouthguards custom-made at a dental office. The International Rugby Board (IRB) recommends the use of a mouthguard to protect against not only injuries of the teeth but also concussion. The IRB asks players to wear a mouthguard that has been properly designed and fabricated. We propose that mouthguards should be made according to standards for the materials, design, and fabrication. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*ATHLETICS -- Equipment \& supplies, *Mouth Protectors, *RUGBY football -- Competitions, *TEETH -- Wounds \& injuries, Concussion, JAPAN, Mouthguard, obligation, standardization, SURVEYS, traumatic injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Whyte, Thomas; Gibson, Tom; Anderson, Robert; Eager, David; Milthorpe, Bruce
Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 1802–1807, 2016, ISBN: 0897-7151 1557-9042.
@article{Whyte2016,
title = {Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases},
author = {Whyte, Thomas and Gibson, Tom and Anderson, Robert and Eager, David and Milthorpe, Bruce},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4208},
isbn = {0897-7151
1557-9042},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {19},
pages = {1802--1807},
publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
address = {US},
abstract = {Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate for the observed injury profiles. This study analysed a collection of in-depth crash investigations of fatally injured helmeted riders in the Adelaide metropolitan region between 1983 and 1994 inclusive to review the head and neck injury patterns that resulted from specific types of impact. Inertial brain injury was sustained in 49% of examined cases, most often resulting from facial impacts but also in a large proportion of tangential, run over, and occipital impact cases. Focal brain and brainstem injury was also common (53%) and regularly associated with skull vault (11/12) and skull base fractures (22/31). Prevention of these fractures in impacts outside the area of required protection and in impacts with a straight edge would provide a significant increase in helmeted rider protection. Cervical spinal cord injury was sustained in facial, straight edge, and tangential impacts on the head. Motorcycle helmets are effective for preventing local skull fractures in impacts for which they are designed, whereas other serious injuries such as basilar skull fracture (BSF) and inertial brain injury persist despite helmet protection. Further impact test procedures should be developed for injurious impact types not currently assessed by major helmet standards, in particular facial impacts, and using test criteria based on commonly observed injuries. This study provides the necessary link, from impact load to injury, for guiding impact test development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Yoshida, Toru; Maeda, Noriaki; Matono, Kei; Toyama, Yukimasa
Survey Results of Compulsory Wearing of Mouthguards in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament Journal Article
In: Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 26–32, 2007, ISBN: 1344140X.
@article{Yoshida2007,
title = {Survey Results of Compulsory Wearing of Mouthguards in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament},
author = {Yoshida, Toru and Maeda, Noriaki and Matono, Kei and Toyama, Yukimasa},
isbn = {1344140X},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {26--32},
abstract = {The players in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament were required to wear a mouthguard following enactment of a domestic law for the game in Japan in December 2005. In this article, we report the results of the questionnaire survey to the players. The all players according to the survey the 79.8% of the players had already worn a mouthguard before the enactment of the law. On the contrary, the all players ware a mouthguard in this tournament. In the investigation of the same tournament 9 years ago, the prevalence of wearing a mouthguard was 44.4%. Mouthguards have now become very popular for high school players in Japan. Tooth injuries were reported in 34 players (2.7%) compared with in 81 players (6.4%) 9 years ago. 75.7% of the players had their mouthguards custom-made at a dental office. The International Rugby Board (IRB) recommends the use of a mouthguard to protect against not only injuries of the teeth but also concussion. The IRB asks players to wear a mouthguard that has been properly designed and fabricated. We propose that mouthguards should be made according to standards for the materials, design, and fabrication. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Whyte, Thomas; Gibson, Tom; Anderson, Robert; Eager, David; Milthorpe, Bruce
Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 1802–1807, 2016, ISBN: 0897-7151 1557-9042.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury
@article{Whyte2016,
title = {Mechanisms of head and neck injuries sustained by helmeted motorcyclists in fatal real-world crashes: Analysis of 47 in-depth cases},
author = {Whyte, Thomas and Gibson, Tom and Anderson, Robert and Eager, David and Milthorpe, Bruce},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4208},
isbn = {0897-7151
1557-9042},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {19},
pages = {1802--1807},
publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
address = {US},
abstract = {Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate for the observed injury profiles. This study analysed a collection of in-depth crash investigations of fatally injured helmeted riders in the Adelaide metropolitan region between 1983 and 1994 inclusive to review the head and neck injury patterns that resulted from specific types of impact. Inertial brain injury was sustained in 49% of examined cases, most often resulting from facial impacts but also in a large proportion of tangential, run over, and occipital impact cases. Focal brain and brainstem injury was also common (53%) and regularly associated with skull vault (11/12) and skull base fractures (22/31). Prevention of these fractures in impacts outside the area of required protection and in impacts with a straight edge would provide a significant increase in helmeted rider protection. Cervical spinal cord injury was sustained in facial, straight edge, and tangential impacts on the head. Motorcycle helmets are effective for preventing local skull fractures in impacts for which they are designed, whereas other serious injuries such as basilar skull fracture (BSF) and inertial brain injury persist despite helmet protection. Further impact test procedures should be developed for injurious impact types not currently assessed by major helmet standards, in particular facial impacts, and using test criteria based on commonly observed injuries. This study provides the necessary link, from impact load to injury, for guiding impact test development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)},
keywords = {2016, BRAIN damage, Head Injuries, Helmet, mechanisms, Motor Vehicles, motorcyclist, Safety devices, traumatic injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Yoshida, Toru; Maeda, Noriaki; Matono, Kei; Toyama, Yukimasa
Survey Results of Compulsory Wearing of Mouthguards in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament Journal Article
In: Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 26–32, 2007, ISBN: 1344140X.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *ATHLETICS -- Equipment & supplies, *Mouth Protectors, *RUGBY football -- Competitions, *TEETH -- Wounds & injuries, Concussion, JAPAN, Mouthguard, obligation, standardization, SURVEYS, traumatic injury
@article{Yoshida2007,
title = {Survey Results of Compulsory Wearing of Mouthguards in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament},
author = {Yoshida, Toru and Maeda, Noriaki and Matono, Kei and Toyama, Yukimasa},
isbn = {1344140X},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {26--32},
abstract = {The players in the 85th Japan High School Rugby Football Tournament were required to wear a mouthguard following enactment of a domestic law for the game in Japan in December 2005. In this article, we report the results of the questionnaire survey to the players. The all players according to the survey the 79.8% of the players had already worn a mouthguard before the enactment of the law. On the contrary, the all players ware a mouthguard in this tournament. In the investigation of the same tournament 9 years ago, the prevalence of wearing a mouthguard was 44.4%. Mouthguards have now become very popular for high school players in Japan. Tooth injuries were reported in 34 players (2.7%) compared with in 81 players (6.4%) 9 years ago. 75.7% of the players had their mouthguards custom-made at a dental office. The International Rugby Board (IRB) recommends the use of a mouthguard to protect against not only injuries of the teeth but also concussion. The IRB asks players to wear a mouthguard that has been properly designed and fabricated. We propose that mouthguards should be made according to standards for the materials, design, and fabrication. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*ATHLETICS -- Equipment \& supplies, *Mouth Protectors, *RUGBY football -- Competitions, *TEETH -- Wounds \& injuries, Concussion, JAPAN, Mouthguard, obligation, standardization, SURVEYS, traumatic injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}