Hoffer, M E; Szczupak, M; Kiderman, A; Crawford, J; Murphy, S; Marshall, K; Pelusso, C; Balaban, C
Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. e0146039, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult
@article{Hoffer2016,
title = {Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Hoffer, M E and Szczupak, M and Kiderman, A and Crawford, J and Murphy, S and Marshall, K and Pelusso, C and Balaban, C},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {e0146039},
abstract = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prominent public health issue. To date, subjective symptom complaints primarily dictate diagnostic and treatment approaches. As such, the description and qualification of these symptoms in the mTBI patient population is of great value. This manuscript describes the symptoms of mTBI patients as compared to controls in a larger study designed to examine the use of vestibular testing to diagnose mTBI. Five symptom clusters were identified: Post-Traumatic Headache/Migraine, Nausea, Emotional/Affective, Fatigue/Malaise, and Dizziness/Mild Cognitive Impairment. Our analysis indicates that individuals with mTBI have headache, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction far out of proportion to those without mTBI. In addition, sleep disorders and emotional issues were significantly more common amongst mTBI patients than non-injured individuals. A simple set of questions inquiring about dizziness, headache, and cognitive issues may provide diagnostic accuracy. The consideration of other symptoms may be critical for providing prognostic value and treatment for best short-term outcomes or prevention of long-term complications.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brown, J C; Viljoen, W; Lambert, M I; Readhead, C; Fuller, C; Van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E
The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments Journal Article
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 394–399, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries
@article{Brown2015b,
title = {The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments},
author = {Brown, J C and Viljoen, W and Lambert, M I and Readhead, C and Fuller, C and {Van Mechelen}, W and Verhagen, E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {394--399},
abstract = {Objectives: Rugby Union ("rugby") is a popular sport with high injury risk. Burden of injury is described by the incidence and severity of injury. However reports have ignored the monetary cost of injuries. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the monetary cost associated with youth rugby injuries. Design: This descriptive study quantified medical treatments of injured players at the South African Rugby Union Youth tournaments in 2011/2012 and the days of work parents missed as a result of the injuries. A health insurer used these data to calculate associated costs. Methods: Legal guardians of the 421 injured players were contacted telephonically on a weekly basis until they returned to play. Treatments costs were estimated in South African Rands based on 2013 insurance rates and converted to US$ using purchasing power parities. Results: Of the 3652 players, 2% (n=71) sought medical care after the tournament. For these players, average treatment costs were high (US$731 per player, 95% CI: US$425-US$1096), with fractures being the most expensive type of injury. Players with medical insurance had higher costs (US$937, 95% CI: US$486-US$1500) than those without (US$220, 95% CI: US$145-US$302). Conclusions: Although a minority of players sought follow-up treatment after the tournaments, the cost of these injuries was high. Players without medical insurance having lower costs may indicate that these players did not receive adequate treatment for their injuries. Injury prevention efforts should consider injuries with high costs and the treatment of players without medical insurance. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McGinley, A D; Master, C L; Zonfrillo, M R
Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update Journal Article
In: Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 491–506, 2015.
BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{McGinley2015,
title = {Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update},
author = {McGinley, A D and Master, C L and Zonfrillo, M R},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {491--506},
keywords = {Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Thornton, A E; Cox, D N; Whitfield, K; Fouladi, R T
Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 398–409, 2008.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{Thornton2008a,
title = {Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes},
author = {Thornton, A E and Cox, D N and Whitfield, K and Fouladi, R T},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {398--409},
abstract = {A total of 111 rugby players underwent comprehensive testing to determine the impact of self-reported concussion exposure. Reliable estimates of concussion exposure were associated with an increase in postconcussion symptoms (PCS), but not diminished neurocognitive functioning. Importantly, the effects of concussion exposure on PCS varied as a function of player status. More specifically, extent of concussion exposure was associated with increased memory complaints and overall PCS endorsements in a dose-dependent manner for retired and older recreational players, but not for those who were younger and playing at more competitive levels. Future work should systematically evaluate the constituent participant factors that may influence differential concussion outcomes.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chiu, W T; Huang, S J; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Tsai, M D; Lin, T J; Huang, W C
The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 930–935, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics & Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics & Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention & Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]
@article{Chiu2007,
title = {The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury},
author = {Chiu, W T and Huang, S J and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Tsai, M D and Lin, T J and Huang, W C},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
number = {10},
pages = {930--935},
abstract = {In 1991, a population-based epidemiologic traumatic brain injury (TBI) study was done in urban and rural areas of Taiwan; this was 5 years before the helmet use law was passed and 8 years before the drink driving law was passed. In order to evaluate the impact of three major determinants (time, geography, and legislation) on the epidemiology of TBI, we conducted a prospective study in 2001 and used the 1991 data to examine the differences in TBI distribution in urban and rural Taiwan a decade after these laws were passed. In 2001, 5754 TBI cases were collected from the urban area of Taipei City, and 1474 TBI cases were collected from the rural area of Hualien County. The TBI incidence rate in Taipei City in 2001 was estimated to be 218/100,000 population (285/100,000 for males and 152/100,000 for females). When compared to the 1991 data, the incidence rate in 2001 had increased by 20%. The TBI incidence rate in Hualien County in 2001 was estimated to be 417/100,000 population (516/100,000 for males and 306/100,000 for females); this was a 37% increase over the 1991 data. Our study found that the distribution of causes and age distribution had shifted significantly over the 10-year period. In 2001, the age group with the highest incidence was 20-29 years, while in 1991 it had been the over 70 years age group. While traffic-related TBI had decreased, falls and assaults had increased in 2001. We also found that legislation, such as the helmet law, affects TBI distribution by decreasing the traffic-related TBI rate, decreasing the admission severity of TBI, and reducing TBI-related mortality. Finally, geography plays a crucial role in the outcome of TBI; over the 10 year period, Taipei had an increase in moderately severe outcomes, while Hualien had an increase in more severe outcomes. Comparative studies of TBI in urban and rural areas have shown that time, legislation, and geography are crucial determinants of TBI epidemiology. Although time and legal interventions seem to have more of an impact, geography does affect TBI outcomes.},
keywords = {*Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics \& Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention \& Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Macpherson, A K; To, T M; Macarthur, C; Chipman, M L; Wright, J G; Parkin, P C
Impact of mandatory helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in children: a population-based study Journal Article
In: Pediatrics, vol. 110, no. 5, pp. e60, 2002.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Bicycling/in [Injuries], *Bicycling/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence], *Craniocerebral Trauma/pc [Prevention & Control], *Head Protective Devices/ut [Utilization], Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Bicycling/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Canada/ep [Epidemiology], Child, Cohort Studies, Craniocerebral Trauma/di [Diagnosis], Craniocerebral Trauma/ep [Epidemiology], Female, Hospitalized/sn [Statistics & Numerical Dat, Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Da, Male, Preschool, Public Policy, Traffic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{Macpherson2002,
title = {Impact of mandatory helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in children: a population-based study},
author = {Macpherson, A K and To, T M and Macarthur, C and Chipman, M L and Wright, J G and Parkin, P C},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Pediatrics},
volume = {110},
number = {5},
pages = {e60},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Childhood bicycle-related head injuries can be prevented through the use of helmets. Although helmet legislation has proved to be a successful strategy for the adoption of helmets, its effect on the rates of head injury is uncertain. In Canada, 4 provinces have such legislation. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in Canadian children. METHODS: Routinely collected data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information identified all Canadian children (5-19 years) who were hospitalized for bicycling-related injuries from 1994-1998. Children were categorized as head or other injury on the basis of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes. Rates of head injuries and other injuries were compared over time in provinces that adopted legislation and those that did not. RESULTS: Of the 9650 children who were hospitalized because of a bicycle-related injury, 3426 sustained injuries to the head and face and the remaining 6224 had other injuries. The bicycle-related head injury rate declined significantly (45% reduction) in provinces where legislation had been adopted compared with provinces and territories that did not adopt legislation (27% reduction). CONCLUSION: This country-wide study compared rates of head injury in regions with and without mandatory helmet legislation. Comparing head injuries with other non-head-injured children controlled for potential differences in children's cycling habits. The strong protective association between helmet legislation and head injuries supports the adoption of helmet legislation as an effective tool in the prevention of childhood bicycle-related head injuries.},
keywords = {*Bicycling/in [Injuries], *Bicycling/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence], *Craniocerebral Trauma/pc [Prevention \& Control], *Head Protective Devices/ut [Utilization], Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Bicycling/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Canada/ep [Epidemiology], Child, Cohort Studies, Craniocerebral Trauma/di [Diagnosis], Craniocerebral Trauma/ep [Epidemiology], Female, Hospitalized/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Dat, Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Da, Male, Preschool, Public Policy, Traffic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hoffer, M E; Szczupak, M; Kiderman, A; Crawford, J; Murphy, S; Marshall, K; Pelusso, C; Balaban, C
Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. e0146039, 2016.
@article{Hoffer2016,
title = {Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Hoffer, M E and Szczupak, M and Kiderman, A and Crawford, J and Murphy, S and Marshall, K and Pelusso, C and Balaban, C},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {e0146039},
abstract = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prominent public health issue. To date, subjective symptom complaints primarily dictate diagnostic and treatment approaches. As such, the description and qualification of these symptoms in the mTBI patient population is of great value. This manuscript describes the symptoms of mTBI patients as compared to controls in a larger study designed to examine the use of vestibular testing to diagnose mTBI. Five symptom clusters were identified: Post-Traumatic Headache/Migraine, Nausea, Emotional/Affective, Fatigue/Malaise, and Dizziness/Mild Cognitive Impairment. Our analysis indicates that individuals with mTBI have headache, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction far out of proportion to those without mTBI. In addition, sleep disorders and emotional issues were significantly more common amongst mTBI patients than non-injured individuals. A simple set of questions inquiring about dizziness, headache, and cognitive issues may provide diagnostic accuracy. The consideration of other symptoms may be critical for providing prognostic value and treatment for best short-term outcomes or prevention of long-term complications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brown, J C; Viljoen, W; Lambert, M I; Readhead, C; Fuller, C; Van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E
The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments Journal Article
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 394–399, 2015.
@article{Brown2015b,
title = {The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments},
author = {Brown, J C and Viljoen, W and Lambert, M I and Readhead, C and Fuller, C and {Van Mechelen}, W and Verhagen, E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {394--399},
abstract = {Objectives: Rugby Union ("rugby") is a popular sport with high injury risk. Burden of injury is described by the incidence and severity of injury. However reports have ignored the monetary cost of injuries. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the monetary cost associated with youth rugby injuries. Design: This descriptive study quantified medical treatments of injured players at the South African Rugby Union Youth tournaments in 2011/2012 and the days of work parents missed as a result of the injuries. A health insurer used these data to calculate associated costs. Methods: Legal guardians of the 421 injured players were contacted telephonically on a weekly basis until they returned to play. Treatments costs were estimated in South African Rands based on 2013 insurance rates and converted to US$ using purchasing power parities. Results: Of the 3652 players, 2% (n=71) sought medical care after the tournament. For these players, average treatment costs were high (US$731 per player, 95% CI: US$425-US$1096), with fractures being the most expensive type of injury. Players with medical insurance had higher costs (US$937, 95% CI: US$486-US$1500) than those without (US$220, 95% CI: US$145-US$302). Conclusions: Although a minority of players sought follow-up treatment after the tournaments, the cost of these injuries was high. Players without medical insurance having lower costs may indicate that these players did not receive adequate treatment for their injuries. Injury prevention efforts should consider injuries with high costs and the treatment of players without medical insurance. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McGinley, A D; Master, C L; Zonfrillo, M R
Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update Journal Article
In: Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 491–506, 2015.
@article{McGinley2015,
title = {Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update},
author = {McGinley, A D and Master, C L and Zonfrillo, M R},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {491--506},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Thornton, A E; Cox, D N; Whitfield, K; Fouladi, R T
Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 398–409, 2008.
@article{Thornton2008a,
title = {Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes},
author = {Thornton, A E and Cox, D N and Whitfield, K and Fouladi, R T},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {398--409},
abstract = {A total of 111 rugby players underwent comprehensive testing to determine the impact of self-reported concussion exposure. Reliable estimates of concussion exposure were associated with an increase in postconcussion symptoms (PCS), but not diminished neurocognitive functioning. Importantly, the effects of concussion exposure on PCS varied as a function of player status. More specifically, extent of concussion exposure was associated with increased memory complaints and overall PCS endorsements in a dose-dependent manner for retired and older recreational players, but not for those who were younger and playing at more competitive levels. Future work should systematically evaluate the constituent participant factors that may influence differential concussion outcomes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chiu, W T; Huang, S J; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Tsai, M D; Lin, T J; Huang, W C
The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 930–935, 2007.
@article{Chiu2007,
title = {The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury},
author = {Chiu, W T and Huang, S J and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Tsai, M D and Lin, T J and Huang, W C},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
number = {10},
pages = {930--935},
abstract = {In 1991, a population-based epidemiologic traumatic brain injury (TBI) study was done in urban and rural areas of Taiwan; this was 5 years before the helmet use law was passed and 8 years before the drink driving law was passed. In order to evaluate the impact of three major determinants (time, geography, and legislation) on the epidemiology of TBI, we conducted a prospective study in 2001 and used the 1991 data to examine the differences in TBI distribution in urban and rural Taiwan a decade after these laws were passed. In 2001, 5754 TBI cases were collected from the urban area of Taipei City, and 1474 TBI cases were collected from the rural area of Hualien County. The TBI incidence rate in Taipei City in 2001 was estimated to be 218/100,000 population (285/100,000 for males and 152/100,000 for females). When compared to the 1991 data, the incidence rate in 2001 had increased by 20%. The TBI incidence rate in Hualien County in 2001 was estimated to be 417/100,000 population (516/100,000 for males and 306/100,000 for females); this was a 37% increase over the 1991 data. Our study found that the distribution of causes and age distribution had shifted significantly over the 10-year period. In 2001, the age group with the highest incidence was 20-29 years, while in 1991 it had been the over 70 years age group. While traffic-related TBI had decreased, falls and assaults had increased in 2001. We also found that legislation, such as the helmet law, affects TBI distribution by decreasing the traffic-related TBI rate, decreasing the admission severity of TBI, and reducing TBI-related mortality. Finally, geography plays a crucial role in the outcome of TBI; over the 10 year period, Taipei had an increase in moderately severe outcomes, while Hualien had an increase in more severe outcomes. Comparative studies of TBI in urban and rural areas have shown that time, legislation, and geography are crucial determinants of TBI epidemiology. Although time and legal interventions seem to have more of an impact, geography does affect TBI outcomes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Macpherson, A K; To, T M; Macarthur, C; Chipman, M L; Wright, J G; Parkin, P C
Impact of mandatory helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in children: a population-based study Journal Article
In: Pediatrics, vol. 110, no. 5, pp. e60, 2002.
@article{Macpherson2002,
title = {Impact of mandatory helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in children: a population-based study},
author = {Macpherson, A K and To, T M and Macarthur, C and Chipman, M L and Wright, J G and Parkin, P C},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Pediatrics},
volume = {110},
number = {5},
pages = {e60},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Childhood bicycle-related head injuries can be prevented through the use of helmets. Although helmet legislation has proved to be a successful strategy for the adoption of helmets, its effect on the rates of head injury is uncertain. In Canada, 4 provinces have such legislation. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in Canadian children. METHODS: Routinely collected data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information identified all Canadian children (5-19 years) who were hospitalized for bicycling-related injuries from 1994-1998. Children were categorized as head or other injury on the basis of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes. Rates of head injuries and other injuries were compared over time in provinces that adopted legislation and those that did not. RESULTS: Of the 9650 children who were hospitalized because of a bicycle-related injury, 3426 sustained injuries to the head and face and the remaining 6224 had other injuries. The bicycle-related head injury rate declined significantly (45% reduction) in provinces where legislation had been adopted compared with provinces and territories that did not adopt legislation (27% reduction). CONCLUSION: This country-wide study compared rates of head injury in regions with and without mandatory helmet legislation. Comparing head injuries with other non-head-injured children controlled for potential differences in children's cycling habits. The strong protective association between helmet legislation and head injuries supports the adoption of helmet legislation as an effective tool in the prevention of childhood bicycle-related head injuries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hoffer, M E; Szczupak, M; Kiderman, A; Crawford, J; Murphy, S; Marshall, K; Pelusso, C; Balaban, C
Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. e0146039, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult
@article{Hoffer2016,
title = {Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Hoffer, M E and Szczupak, M and Kiderman, A and Crawford, J and Murphy, S and Marshall, K and Pelusso, C and Balaban, C},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {e0146039},
abstract = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prominent public health issue. To date, subjective symptom complaints primarily dictate diagnostic and treatment approaches. As such, the description and qualification of these symptoms in the mTBI patient population is of great value. This manuscript describes the symptoms of mTBI patients as compared to controls in a larger study designed to examine the use of vestibular testing to diagnose mTBI. Five symptom clusters were identified: Post-Traumatic Headache/Migraine, Nausea, Emotional/Affective, Fatigue/Malaise, and Dizziness/Mild Cognitive Impairment. Our analysis indicates that individuals with mTBI have headache, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction far out of proportion to those without mTBI. In addition, sleep disorders and emotional issues were significantly more common amongst mTBI patients than non-injured individuals. A simple set of questions inquiring about dizziness, headache, and cognitive issues may provide diagnostic accuracy. The consideration of other symptoms may be critical for providing prognostic value and treatment for best short-term outcomes or prevention of long-term complications.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brown, J C; Viljoen, W; Lambert, M I; Readhead, C; Fuller, C; Van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E
The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments Journal Article
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 394–399, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries
@article{Brown2015b,
title = {The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments},
author = {Brown, J C and Viljoen, W and Lambert, M I and Readhead, C and Fuller, C and {Van Mechelen}, W and Verhagen, E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {394--399},
abstract = {Objectives: Rugby Union ("rugby") is a popular sport with high injury risk. Burden of injury is described by the incidence and severity of injury. However reports have ignored the monetary cost of injuries. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the monetary cost associated with youth rugby injuries. Design: This descriptive study quantified medical treatments of injured players at the South African Rugby Union Youth tournaments in 2011/2012 and the days of work parents missed as a result of the injuries. A health insurer used these data to calculate associated costs. Methods: Legal guardians of the 421 injured players were contacted telephonically on a weekly basis until they returned to play. Treatments costs were estimated in South African Rands based on 2013 insurance rates and converted to US$ using purchasing power parities. Results: Of the 3652 players, 2% (n=71) sought medical care after the tournament. For these players, average treatment costs were high (US$731 per player, 95% CI: US$425-US$1096), with fractures being the most expensive type of injury. Players with medical insurance had higher costs (US$937, 95% CI: US$486-US$1500) than those without (US$220, 95% CI: US$145-US$302). Conclusions: Although a minority of players sought follow-up treatment after the tournaments, the cost of these injuries was high. Players without medical insurance having lower costs may indicate that these players did not receive adequate treatment for their injuries. Injury prevention efforts should consider injuries with high costs and the treatment of players without medical insurance. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McGinley, A D; Master, C L; Zonfrillo, M R
Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update Journal Article
In: Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 491–506, 2015.
BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{McGinley2015,
title = {Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update},
author = {McGinley, A D and Master, C L and Zonfrillo, M R},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {491--506},
keywords = {Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Thornton, A E; Cox, D N; Whitfield, K; Fouladi, R T
Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 398–409, 2008.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{Thornton2008a,
title = {Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes},
author = {Thornton, A E and Cox, D N and Whitfield, K and Fouladi, R T},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {398--409},
abstract = {A total of 111 rugby players underwent comprehensive testing to determine the impact of self-reported concussion exposure. Reliable estimates of concussion exposure were associated with an increase in postconcussion symptoms (PCS), but not diminished neurocognitive functioning. Importantly, the effects of concussion exposure on PCS varied as a function of player status. More specifically, extent of concussion exposure was associated with increased memory complaints and overall PCS endorsements in a dose-dependent manner for retired and older recreational players, but not for those who were younger and playing at more competitive levels. Future work should systematically evaluate the constituent participant factors that may influence differential concussion outcomes.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chiu, W T; Huang, S J; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Tsai, M D; Lin, T J; Huang, W C
The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 930–935, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics & Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics & Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention & Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]
@article{Chiu2007,
title = {The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury},
author = {Chiu, W T and Huang, S J and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Tsai, M D and Lin, T J and Huang, W C},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
number = {10},
pages = {930--935},
abstract = {In 1991, a population-based epidemiologic traumatic brain injury (TBI) study was done in urban and rural areas of Taiwan; this was 5 years before the helmet use law was passed and 8 years before the drink driving law was passed. In order to evaluate the impact of three major determinants (time, geography, and legislation) on the epidemiology of TBI, we conducted a prospective study in 2001 and used the 1991 data to examine the differences in TBI distribution in urban and rural Taiwan a decade after these laws were passed. In 2001, 5754 TBI cases were collected from the urban area of Taipei City, and 1474 TBI cases were collected from the rural area of Hualien County. The TBI incidence rate in Taipei City in 2001 was estimated to be 218/100,000 population (285/100,000 for males and 152/100,000 for females). When compared to the 1991 data, the incidence rate in 2001 had increased by 20%. The TBI incidence rate in Hualien County in 2001 was estimated to be 417/100,000 population (516/100,000 for males and 306/100,000 for females); this was a 37% increase over the 1991 data. Our study found that the distribution of causes and age distribution had shifted significantly over the 10-year period. In 2001, the age group with the highest incidence was 20-29 years, while in 1991 it had been the over 70 years age group. While traffic-related TBI had decreased, falls and assaults had increased in 2001. We also found that legislation, such as the helmet law, affects TBI distribution by decreasing the traffic-related TBI rate, decreasing the admission severity of TBI, and reducing TBI-related mortality. Finally, geography plays a crucial role in the outcome of TBI; over the 10 year period, Taipei had an increase in moderately severe outcomes, while Hualien had an increase in more severe outcomes. Comparative studies of TBI in urban and rural areas have shown that time, legislation, and geography are crucial determinants of TBI epidemiology. Although time and legal interventions seem to have more of an impact, geography does affect TBI outcomes.},
keywords = {*Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics \& Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention \& Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Macpherson, A K; To, T M; Macarthur, C; Chipman, M L; Wright, J G; Parkin, P C
Impact of mandatory helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in children: a population-based study Journal Article
In: Pediatrics, vol. 110, no. 5, pp. e60, 2002.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Bicycling/in [Injuries], *Bicycling/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence], *Craniocerebral Trauma/pc [Prevention & Control], *Head Protective Devices/ut [Utilization], Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Bicycling/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Canada/ep [Epidemiology], Child, Cohort Studies, Craniocerebral Trauma/di [Diagnosis], Craniocerebral Trauma/ep [Epidemiology], Female, Hospitalized/sn [Statistics & Numerical Dat, Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Da, Male, Preschool, Public Policy, Traffic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{Macpherson2002,
title = {Impact of mandatory helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in children: a population-based study},
author = {Macpherson, A K and To, T M and Macarthur, C and Chipman, M L and Wright, J G and Parkin, P C},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Pediatrics},
volume = {110},
number = {5},
pages = {e60},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Childhood bicycle-related head injuries can be prevented through the use of helmets. Although helmet legislation has proved to be a successful strategy for the adoption of helmets, its effect on the rates of head injury is uncertain. In Canada, 4 provinces have such legislation. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of helmet legislation on bicycle-related head injuries in Canadian children. METHODS: Routinely collected data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information identified all Canadian children (5-19 years) who were hospitalized for bicycling-related injuries from 1994-1998. Children were categorized as head or other injury on the basis of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes. Rates of head injuries and other injuries were compared over time in provinces that adopted legislation and those that did not. RESULTS: Of the 9650 children who were hospitalized because of a bicycle-related injury, 3426 sustained injuries to the head and face and the remaining 6224 had other injuries. The bicycle-related head injury rate declined significantly (45% reduction) in provinces where legislation had been adopted compared with provinces and territories that did not adopt legislation (27% reduction). CONCLUSION: This country-wide study compared rates of head injury in regions with and without mandatory helmet legislation. Comparing head injuries with other non-head-injured children controlled for potential differences in children's cycling habits. The strong protective association between helmet legislation and head injuries supports the adoption of helmet legislation as an effective tool in the prevention of childhood bicycle-related head injuries.},
keywords = {*Bicycling/in [Injuries], *Bicycling/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence], *Craniocerebral Trauma/pc [Prevention \& Control], *Head Protective Devices/ut [Utilization], Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Bicycling/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Canada/ep [Epidemiology], Child, Cohort Studies, Craniocerebral Trauma/di [Diagnosis], Craniocerebral Trauma/ep [Epidemiology], Female, Hospitalized/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Dat, Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Da, Male, Preschool, Public Policy, Traffic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}