Stein, T D; Alvarez, V E; McKee, A C
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel Journal Article
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 1, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Aggression, Alzheimer disease, amnesia, army, astrocyte, athlete, behavior change, brain atrophy, brain stem, brain weight, central sulcus, chronic disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy TAR DNA binding p, cognitive defect, comorbidity, Dementia, depression, diencephalon, diffuse Lewy body disease, exposure, frontotemporal dementia, human, impulsiveness, irritability, Motor neuron disease, nerve fiber, neurite, neurofibrillary tangle, neuropathology, nonhuman, personality disorder, priority journal, Review, short term memory, soldier, staging, suicidal ideation, tau protein, tauopathy, temporal lobe, traumatic brain injury, veteran
@article{Stein2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel},
author = {Stein, T D and Alvarez, V E and McKee, A C},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892718392\&partnerID=40\&md5=c39a0e58ad33cee7a570b4681131d6ea},
doi = {10.1186/alzrt234},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs in association with repetitive traumatic brain injury experienced in sport and military service. In most instances, the clinical symptoms of the disease begin after a long period of latency ranging from several years to several decades. The initial symptoms are typically insidious, consisting of irritability, impulsivity, aggression, depression, short-term memory loss and heightened suicidality. The symptoms progress slowly over decades to include cognitive deficits and dementia. The pathology of CTE is characterized by the accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein in neurons and astrocytes in a pattern that is unique from other tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. The hyperphosphorylated tau abnormalities begin focally, as perivascular neurofibrillary tangles and neurites at the depths of the cerebral sulci, and then spread to involve superficial layers of adjacent cortex before becoming a widespread degeneration affecting medial temporal lobe structures, diencephalon and brainstem. Most instances of CTE (\>85% of cases) show abnormal accumulations of phosphorylated 43 kDa TAR DNA binding protein that are partially colocalized with phosphorylated tau protein. As CTE is characterized pathologically by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy, by abnormal deposits of phosphorylated tau and by 43 kDa TAR DNA binding protein and is associated clinically with behavioral and personality changes, as well as cognitive impairments, CTE is increasingly categorized as an acquired frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Currently, some of the greatest challenges are that CTE cannot be diagnosed during life and the incidence and prevalence of the disorder remain uncertain. Furthermore, the contribution of age, gender, genetics, stress, alcohol and substance abuse to the development of CTE remains to be determined. © 2014 BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {Aggression, Alzheimer disease, amnesia, army, astrocyte, athlete, behavior change, brain atrophy, brain stem, brain weight, central sulcus, chronic disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy TAR DNA binding p, cognitive defect, comorbidity, Dementia, depression, diencephalon, diffuse Lewy body disease, exposure, frontotemporal dementia, human, impulsiveness, irritability, Motor neuron disease, nerve fiber, neurite, neurofibrillary tangle, neuropathology, nonhuman, personality disorder, priority journal, Review, short term memory, soldier, staging, suicidal ideation, tau protein, tauopathy, temporal lobe, traumatic brain injury, veteran},
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Montenigro, P H; Baugh, C M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Budson, A E; Au, R; Katz, D I; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 5-8, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling
@article{Montenigro2014,
title = {Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome},
author = {Montenigro, P H and Baugh, C M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Budson, A E and Au, R and Katz, D I and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908410645\&partnerID=40\&md5=bab59baeecd5adb22d0f84a4ce99bd5c},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {5-8},
abstract = {The long-term consequences of repetitive head impacts have been described since the early 20th century. Terms such as punch drunk and dementia pugilistica were first used to describe the clinical syndromes experienced by boxers. A more generic designation, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been employed since the mid-1900s and has been used in recent years to describe a neurodegenerative disease found not just in boxers but in American football players, other contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others with histories of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. This article reviews the literature of the clinical manifestations of CTE from 202 published cases. The clinical features include impairments in mood (for example, depression and hopelessness), behavior (for example, explosivity and violence), cognition (for example, impaired memory, executive functioning, attention, and dementia), and, less commonly, motor functioning (for example, parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria). We present proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes (TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant, TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of 'probable CTE' and 'possible CTE'. These proposed criteria are expected to be modified and updated as new research findings become available. They are not meant to be used for a clinical diagnosis. Rather, they should be viewed as research criteria that can be employed in studies of the underlying causes, risk factors, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CTE and related disorders. © 2014 Montenigro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stein, T D; Alvarez, V E; McKee, A C
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel Journal Article
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 1, 2014.
@article{Stein2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel},
author = {Stein, T D and Alvarez, V E and McKee, A C},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892718392\&partnerID=40\&md5=c39a0e58ad33cee7a570b4681131d6ea},
doi = {10.1186/alzrt234},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs in association with repetitive traumatic brain injury experienced in sport and military service. In most instances, the clinical symptoms of the disease begin after a long period of latency ranging from several years to several decades. The initial symptoms are typically insidious, consisting of irritability, impulsivity, aggression, depression, short-term memory loss and heightened suicidality. The symptoms progress slowly over decades to include cognitive deficits and dementia. The pathology of CTE is characterized by the accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein in neurons and astrocytes in a pattern that is unique from other tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. The hyperphosphorylated tau abnormalities begin focally, as perivascular neurofibrillary tangles and neurites at the depths of the cerebral sulci, and then spread to involve superficial layers of adjacent cortex before becoming a widespread degeneration affecting medial temporal lobe structures, diencephalon and brainstem. Most instances of CTE (\>85% of cases) show abnormal accumulations of phosphorylated 43 kDa TAR DNA binding protein that are partially colocalized with phosphorylated tau protein. As CTE is characterized pathologically by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy, by abnormal deposits of phosphorylated tau and by 43 kDa TAR DNA binding protein and is associated clinically with behavioral and personality changes, as well as cognitive impairments, CTE is increasingly categorized as an acquired frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Currently, some of the greatest challenges are that CTE cannot be diagnosed during life and the incidence and prevalence of the disorder remain uncertain. Furthermore, the contribution of age, gender, genetics, stress, alcohol and substance abuse to the development of CTE remains to be determined. © 2014 BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Montenigro, P H; Baugh, C M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Budson, A E; Au, R; Katz, D I; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 5-8, 2014.
@article{Montenigro2014,
title = {Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome},
author = {Montenigro, P H and Baugh, C M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Budson, A E and Au, R and Katz, D I and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908410645\&partnerID=40\&md5=bab59baeecd5adb22d0f84a4ce99bd5c},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {5-8},
abstract = {The long-term consequences of repetitive head impacts have been described since the early 20th century. Terms such as punch drunk and dementia pugilistica were first used to describe the clinical syndromes experienced by boxers. A more generic designation, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been employed since the mid-1900s and has been used in recent years to describe a neurodegenerative disease found not just in boxers but in American football players, other contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others with histories of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. This article reviews the literature of the clinical manifestations of CTE from 202 published cases. The clinical features include impairments in mood (for example, depression and hopelessness), behavior (for example, explosivity and violence), cognition (for example, impaired memory, executive functioning, attention, and dementia), and, less commonly, motor functioning (for example, parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria). We present proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes (TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant, TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of 'probable CTE' and 'possible CTE'. These proposed criteria are expected to be modified and updated as new research findings become available. They are not meant to be used for a clinical diagnosis. Rather, they should be viewed as research criteria that can be employed in studies of the underlying causes, risk factors, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CTE and related disorders. © 2014 Montenigro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stein, T D; Alvarez, V E; McKee, A C
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel Journal Article
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 1, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Aggression, Alzheimer disease, amnesia, army, astrocyte, athlete, behavior change, brain atrophy, brain stem, brain weight, central sulcus, chronic disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy TAR DNA binding p, cognitive defect, comorbidity, Dementia, depression, diencephalon, diffuse Lewy body disease, exposure, frontotemporal dementia, human, impulsiveness, irritability, Motor neuron disease, nerve fiber, neurite, neurofibrillary tangle, neuropathology, nonhuman, personality disorder, priority journal, Review, short term memory, soldier, staging, suicidal ideation, tau protein, tauopathy, temporal lobe, traumatic brain injury, veteran
@article{Stein2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel},
author = {Stein, T D and Alvarez, V E and McKee, A C},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892718392\&partnerID=40\&md5=c39a0e58ad33cee7a570b4681131d6ea},
doi = {10.1186/alzrt234},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs in association with repetitive traumatic brain injury experienced in sport and military service. In most instances, the clinical symptoms of the disease begin after a long period of latency ranging from several years to several decades. The initial symptoms are typically insidious, consisting of irritability, impulsivity, aggression, depression, short-term memory loss and heightened suicidality. The symptoms progress slowly over decades to include cognitive deficits and dementia. The pathology of CTE is characterized by the accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein in neurons and astrocytes in a pattern that is unique from other tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. The hyperphosphorylated tau abnormalities begin focally, as perivascular neurofibrillary tangles and neurites at the depths of the cerebral sulci, and then spread to involve superficial layers of adjacent cortex before becoming a widespread degeneration affecting medial temporal lobe structures, diencephalon and brainstem. Most instances of CTE (\>85% of cases) show abnormal accumulations of phosphorylated 43 kDa TAR DNA binding protein that are partially colocalized with phosphorylated tau protein. As CTE is characterized pathologically by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy, by abnormal deposits of phosphorylated tau and by 43 kDa TAR DNA binding protein and is associated clinically with behavioral and personality changes, as well as cognitive impairments, CTE is increasingly categorized as an acquired frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Currently, some of the greatest challenges are that CTE cannot be diagnosed during life and the incidence and prevalence of the disorder remain uncertain. Furthermore, the contribution of age, gender, genetics, stress, alcohol and substance abuse to the development of CTE remains to be determined. © 2014 BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {Aggression, Alzheimer disease, amnesia, army, astrocyte, athlete, behavior change, brain atrophy, brain stem, brain weight, central sulcus, chronic disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy TAR DNA binding p, cognitive defect, comorbidity, Dementia, depression, diencephalon, diffuse Lewy body disease, exposure, frontotemporal dementia, human, impulsiveness, irritability, Motor neuron disease, nerve fiber, neurite, neurofibrillary tangle, neuropathology, nonhuman, personality disorder, priority journal, Review, short term memory, soldier, staging, suicidal ideation, tau protein, tauopathy, temporal lobe, traumatic brain injury, veteran},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Montenigro, P H; Baugh, C M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Budson, A E; Au, R; Katz, D I; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 5-8, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling
@article{Montenigro2014,
title = {Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome},
author = {Montenigro, P H and Baugh, C M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Budson, A E and Au, R and Katz, D I and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908410645\&partnerID=40\&md5=bab59baeecd5adb22d0f84a4ce99bd5c},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {5-8},
abstract = {The long-term consequences of repetitive head impacts have been described since the early 20th century. Terms such as punch drunk and dementia pugilistica were first used to describe the clinical syndromes experienced by boxers. A more generic designation, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been employed since the mid-1900s and has been used in recent years to describe a neurodegenerative disease found not just in boxers but in American football players, other contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others with histories of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. This article reviews the literature of the clinical manifestations of CTE from 202 published cases. The clinical features include impairments in mood (for example, depression and hopelessness), behavior (for example, explosivity and violence), cognition (for example, impaired memory, executive functioning, attention, and dementia), and, less commonly, motor functioning (for example, parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria). We present proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes (TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant, TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of 'probable CTE' and 'possible CTE'. These proposed criteria are expected to be modified and updated as new research findings become available. They are not meant to be used for a clinical diagnosis. Rather, they should be viewed as research criteria that can be employed in studies of the underlying causes, risk factors, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CTE and related disorders. © 2014 Montenigro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}