Gilchrist, I; Moglo, K; Storr, M; Pelland, L
Effects of head flexion posture on the multidirectional static force capacity of the neck Journal Article
In: Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 37, pp. 44–52, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Article, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, body equilibrium, body posture, Cervical spine, Concussions, contact sport, cross-sectional study, Dynamometry, force, head flexion, head movement, head position, human, human experiment, Male, Muscle, muscle contraction, muscle strength, neck injury, Neck muscle, neck strength, priority journal
@article{Gilchrist2016,
title = {Effects of head flexion posture on the multidirectional static force capacity of the neck},
author = {Gilchrist, I and Moglo, K and Storr, M and Pelland, L},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.05.016},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Biomechanics},
volume = {37},
pages = {44--52},
abstract = {Background Neck muscle force protects vertebral alignment and resists potentially injurious loading of osteoligamentous structures during head impacts. As the majority of neck muscles generate moments about all three planes of motion, it is not clear how the force capacity of the neck might be modulated by direction of force application and head posture. The aim of our study was to measure the multidirectional moment-generating capacity of the neck and to evaluate effects of 20° of head flexion, a common head position in contact sports, on the measured capacity. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study, with 25 males, 20-30 years old, performing maximum voluntary contractions, with ballistic intent, along eight directions, set at 45° intervals in the horizontal plane of the head. Three-dimensional moments at C3 and T1 were calculated using equations of static equilibrium. The variable of interest was the impulse of force generated from 0-50 ms. Effects of direction of force application and head posture, neutral and 20° flexion, were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Findings Impulse of force was lower along diagonal planes, at 45° from the mid-sagittal plane, compared to orthogonal planes (P \< 0.001). Compared to neutral posture, head flexion produced a 55.2% decrease in impulse capacity at C3 and 45.9% at T1. Interpretation The risk of injury with head impact would intrinsically be higher along diagonal planes and with a 20° head down position due to a lower moment generating capacity of the neck in the first 50 ms of force application. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, Article, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, body equilibrium, body posture, Cervical spine, Concussions, contact sport, cross-sectional study, Dynamometry, force, head flexion, head movement, head position, human, human experiment, Male, Muscle, muscle contraction, muscle strength, neck injury, Neck muscle, neck strength, priority journal},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bell, Travis R; Sanderson, Jimmy
A Hit on American Football: A Case Study of Bottom-up Framing Through Op-Ed Readers' Comments Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sport Communication, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 499–518, 2016, ISBN: 19363915.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *FOOTBALL players, *FOOTBALL teams, Concussions, HEPATIC encephalopathy, NATIONAL Football League, news forums, sport and health, Youth sports
@article{Bell2016,
title = {A Hit on American Football: A Case Study of Bottom-up Framing Through Op-Ed Readers' Comments},
author = {Bell, Travis R and Sanderson, Jimmy},
isbn = {19363915},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sport Communication},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
pages = {499--518},
abstract = {In December 2015, the movie Concussion was released. The film portrayed the story of Dr Bennet Omalu, who is credited with discovering chromic traumatic encephalopathy in the brains of deceased National Football League players. Before the release, on December 7,2015, Omalu penned an op-ed in The New York Times in which he opined that children should not play tackle football. This research explores 114 reader comments on Omalu's op-ed through the lens of Nisbet's bottom-up framing. Using a mixed-methods approach, the results indicated that participants framed the issue through health and safety, American cultural values, parenting liability, and skepticism. Linguistic analysis revealed that comments contained a negative tone, with women's comments being more negative than men's. The analysis suggests that online news forums function as spaces where public deliberation around the viability of children playing tackle football occurs and illustrates the tensions around risk, sport participation, and health and safety that confront parents as they grapple with the decision to let their children play tackle football. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*FOOTBALL players, *FOOTBALL teams, Concussions, HEPATIC encephalopathy, NATIONAL Football League, news forums, sport and health, Youth sports},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oja, Brent D; Bass, Jordan R
Safety or Style? An Examination of the Role of Football Equipment Personnel Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Sport Management, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 26–45, 2016, ISBN: 23270187.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *FOOTBALL equipment, AUTONOMY (Psychology), Concussions, hierarchy, ORGANIZATIONAL power, power, structure
@article{Oja2016,
title = {Safety or Style? An Examination of the Role of Football Equipment Personnel},
author = {Oja, Brent D and Bass, Jordan R},
isbn = {23270187},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Sport Management},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {26--45},
abstract = {The national recognition of concussions has increased greatly over the past decade. While concussions have moved to the spotlight, institutional policies and procedures are just beginning their climb into the public eye. This research delves into a sphere of sport that has to date been largely ignored, the role of equipment personnel. Equipment personnel were chosen due to their connection to concussions and organizational power. Organizational power has traditionally rested with those who acquire the most resources. Coaches usually represent such power. However, power can also be derived from maintaining resources. Qualitative methodology was utilized to gauge the perceptions of equipment personnel on a variety of topics related to organizational power and concussions. The results revealed that equipment personnel have little overall professional power. Although a majority of participants reported that they believed they retained the power to choose protective equipment for student-athletes, this autonomy was neither consistent nor sovereign. Informal power structures were discovered in which coaches were thought to have more power than their formal supervisors. Administrators should consider implementing policies that grant greater autonomy to equipment personnel in order to better protect student-athletes. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*FOOTBALL equipment, AUTONOMY (Psychology), Concussions, hierarchy, ORGANIZATIONAL power, power, structure},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Steiner, M E; Berkstresser, B D; Richardson, L; Elia, G; Wang, F
Full-Contact Practice and Injuries in College Football Journal Article
In: Sports Health, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 217–223, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussions, football, Injuries, injury exposures
@article{Steiner2015,
title = {Full-Contact Practice and Injuries in College Football},
author = {Steiner, M E and Berkstresser, B D and Richardson, L and Elia, G and Wang, F},
doi = {10.1177/1941738115626689},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Sports Health},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {217--223},
abstract = {Background: Despite recent restrictions being placed on practice in college football, there are little data to correlate such changes with injuries. Hypothesis: Football injuries will correlate with a team’s exposure to full-contact practice, total practice, and total games. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: All injuries and athlete injury exposures (AE × Min = athletes exposed × activity duration in minutes) were recorded for an intercollegiate football team over 4 consecutive fall seasons. Weekly injuries and injury rates (injuries per athletic injury exposure) were correlated with the weekly exposures to full-contact practices, total practices, formal scrimmages, and games. Results: The preseason practice injury rate was over twice the in-season practice injury rate (P \< 0.001). For preseason, injury exposures were higher for full-contact practice (P = 0.0166), total practices (P = 0.015), and scrimmages/games (P = 0.034) compared with in-season. Preseason and in-season practice injuries correlated with exposure to full-contact practice combined with scrimmages for preseason (P \< 0.008) and full-contact practice combined with games for in-season (P = 0.0325). The game injury rate was over 6 times greater than the practice injury rate (P \< 0.0001). Concussions constituted 14.5% of all injuries, and the incidence of concussions correlated with the incidence of all injuries (P = 0.0001). Strength training did not correlate with injuries. Conclusion: Decreased exposure to full-contact practice may decrease the incidence of practice injuries and practice concussions. However, the game injury rate was over 6 times greater than the practice injury rate and had an inverse correlation with full-contact practice. © 2016, 2016 The Author(s).},
keywords = {Concussions, football, Injuries, injury exposures},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sharma, V K; Rango, J; Connaughton, A J; Lombardo, D J; Sabesan, V J
The current state of head and neck injuries in extreme sports Journal Article
In: Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, AWARENESS, Concussion, Concussions, EPIDEMIOLOGY, extreme sport, Extreme sports, fracture, Head and neck injuries, head and neck injury, head injury, human, Incidence, laceration, major clinical study, neck injury, physician, Prevalence, priority journal, quality of life, skateboarding, skiing, telephone interview
@article{Sharma2015,
title = {The current state of head and neck injuries in extreme sports},
author = {Sharma, V K and Rango, J and Connaughton, A J and Lombardo, D J and Sabesan, V J},
doi = {10.1177/2325967114564358},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Background: Since their conception during the mid-1970s, international participation in extreme sports has grown rapidly. The recent death of extreme snowmobiler Caleb Moore at the 2013 Winter X Games has demonstrated the serious risks associated with these sports. Purpose: To examine the incidence and prevalence of head and neck injuries (HNIs) in extreme sports. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to acquire data from 7 sports (2000-2011) that were included in the Winter and Summer X Games. Data from the NEISS database were collected for each individual sport per year and type of HNI. Cumulative data for overall incidence and injuries over the entire 11-year period were calculated. National estimates were determined using NEISS-weighted calculations. Incidence rates were calculated for extreme sports using data from Outdoor Foundation Participation Reports. Results: Over 4 million injuries were reported between 2000 and 2011, of which 11.3% were HNIs. Of all HNIs, 83% were head injuries and 17% neck injuries. The 4 sports with the highest total incidence of HNI were skateboarding (129,600), snowboarding (97,527), skiing (83,313), and motocross (78,236). Severe HNI (cervical or skull fracture) accounted for 2.5% of extreme sports HNIs. Of these, skateboarding had the highest percentage of severe HNIs. Conclusion: The number of serious injuries suffered in extreme sports has increased as participation in the sports continues to grow. A greater awareness of the dangers associated with these sports offers an opportunity for sports medicine and orthopaedic physicians to advocate for safer equipment, improved on-site medical care, and further research regarding extreme sports injuries. © 2015 The Author(s).},
keywords = {Article, AWARENESS, Concussion, Concussions, EPIDEMIOLOGY, extreme sport, Extreme sports, fracture, Head and neck injuries, head and neck injury, head injury, human, Incidence, laceration, major clinical study, neck injury, physician, Prevalence, priority journal, quality of life, skateboarding, skiing, telephone interview},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gilchrist, I; Moglo, K; Storr, M; Pelland, L
Effects of head flexion posture on the multidirectional static force capacity of the neck Journal Article
In: Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 37, pp. 44–52, 2016.
@article{Gilchrist2016,
title = {Effects of head flexion posture on the multidirectional static force capacity of the neck},
author = {Gilchrist, I and Moglo, K and Storr, M and Pelland, L},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.05.016},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Biomechanics},
volume = {37},
pages = {44--52},
abstract = {Background Neck muscle force protects vertebral alignment and resists potentially injurious loading of osteoligamentous structures during head impacts. As the majority of neck muscles generate moments about all three planes of motion, it is not clear how the force capacity of the neck might be modulated by direction of force application and head posture. The aim of our study was to measure the multidirectional moment-generating capacity of the neck and to evaluate effects of 20° of head flexion, a common head position in contact sports, on the measured capacity. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study, with 25 males, 20-30 years old, performing maximum voluntary contractions, with ballistic intent, along eight directions, set at 45° intervals in the horizontal plane of the head. Three-dimensional moments at C3 and T1 were calculated using equations of static equilibrium. The variable of interest was the impulse of force generated from 0-50 ms. Effects of direction of force application and head posture, neutral and 20° flexion, were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Findings Impulse of force was lower along diagonal planes, at 45° from the mid-sagittal plane, compared to orthogonal planes (P \< 0.001). Compared to neutral posture, head flexion produced a 55.2% decrease in impulse capacity at C3 and 45.9% at T1. Interpretation The risk of injury with head impact would intrinsically be higher along diagonal planes and with a 20° head down position due to a lower moment generating capacity of the neck in the first 50 ms of force application. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bell, Travis R; Sanderson, Jimmy
A Hit on American Football: A Case Study of Bottom-up Framing Through Op-Ed Readers' Comments Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sport Communication, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 499–518, 2016, ISBN: 19363915.
@article{Bell2016,
title = {A Hit on American Football: A Case Study of Bottom-up Framing Through Op-Ed Readers' Comments},
author = {Bell, Travis R and Sanderson, Jimmy},
isbn = {19363915},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sport Communication},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
pages = {499--518},
abstract = {In December 2015, the movie Concussion was released. The film portrayed the story of Dr Bennet Omalu, who is credited with discovering chromic traumatic encephalopathy in the brains of deceased National Football League players. Before the release, on December 7,2015, Omalu penned an op-ed in The New York Times in which he opined that children should not play tackle football. This research explores 114 reader comments on Omalu's op-ed through the lens of Nisbet's bottom-up framing. Using a mixed-methods approach, the results indicated that participants framed the issue through health and safety, American cultural values, parenting liability, and skepticism. Linguistic analysis revealed that comments contained a negative tone, with women's comments being more negative than men's. The analysis suggests that online news forums function as spaces where public deliberation around the viability of children playing tackle football occurs and illustrates the tensions around risk, sport participation, and health and safety that confront parents as they grapple with the decision to let their children play tackle football. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oja, Brent D; Bass, Jordan R
Safety or Style? An Examination of the Role of Football Equipment Personnel Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Sport Management, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 26–45, 2016, ISBN: 23270187.
@article{Oja2016,
title = {Safety or Style? An Examination of the Role of Football Equipment Personnel},
author = {Oja, Brent D and Bass, Jordan R},
isbn = {23270187},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Sport Management},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {26--45},
abstract = {The national recognition of concussions has increased greatly over the past decade. While concussions have moved to the spotlight, institutional policies and procedures are just beginning their climb into the public eye. This research delves into a sphere of sport that has to date been largely ignored, the role of equipment personnel. Equipment personnel were chosen due to their connection to concussions and organizational power. Organizational power has traditionally rested with those who acquire the most resources. Coaches usually represent such power. However, power can also be derived from maintaining resources. Qualitative methodology was utilized to gauge the perceptions of equipment personnel on a variety of topics related to organizational power and concussions. The results revealed that equipment personnel have little overall professional power. Although a majority of participants reported that they believed they retained the power to choose protective equipment for student-athletes, this autonomy was neither consistent nor sovereign. Informal power structures were discovered in which coaches were thought to have more power than their formal supervisors. Administrators should consider implementing policies that grant greater autonomy to equipment personnel in order to better protect student-athletes. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Steiner, M E; Berkstresser, B D; Richardson, L; Elia, G; Wang, F
Full-Contact Practice and Injuries in College Football Journal Article
In: Sports Health, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 217–223, 2015.
@article{Steiner2015,
title = {Full-Contact Practice and Injuries in College Football},
author = {Steiner, M E and Berkstresser, B D and Richardson, L and Elia, G and Wang, F},
doi = {10.1177/1941738115626689},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Sports Health},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {217--223},
abstract = {Background: Despite recent restrictions being placed on practice in college football, there are little data to correlate such changes with injuries. Hypothesis: Football injuries will correlate with a team’s exposure to full-contact practice, total practice, and total games. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: All injuries and athlete injury exposures (AE × Min = athletes exposed × activity duration in minutes) were recorded for an intercollegiate football team over 4 consecutive fall seasons. Weekly injuries and injury rates (injuries per athletic injury exposure) were correlated with the weekly exposures to full-contact practices, total practices, formal scrimmages, and games. Results: The preseason practice injury rate was over twice the in-season practice injury rate (P \< 0.001). For preseason, injury exposures were higher for full-contact practice (P = 0.0166), total practices (P = 0.015), and scrimmages/games (P = 0.034) compared with in-season. Preseason and in-season practice injuries correlated with exposure to full-contact practice combined with scrimmages for preseason (P \< 0.008) and full-contact practice combined with games for in-season (P = 0.0325). The game injury rate was over 6 times greater than the practice injury rate (P \< 0.0001). Concussions constituted 14.5% of all injuries, and the incidence of concussions correlated with the incidence of all injuries (P = 0.0001). Strength training did not correlate with injuries. Conclusion: Decreased exposure to full-contact practice may decrease the incidence of practice injuries and practice concussions. However, the game injury rate was over 6 times greater than the practice injury rate and had an inverse correlation with full-contact practice. © 2016, 2016 The Author(s).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sharma, V K; Rango, J; Connaughton, A J; Lombardo, D J; Sabesan, V J
The current state of head and neck injuries in extreme sports Journal Article
In: Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2015.
@article{Sharma2015,
title = {The current state of head and neck injuries in extreme sports},
author = {Sharma, V K and Rango, J and Connaughton, A J and Lombardo, D J and Sabesan, V J},
doi = {10.1177/2325967114564358},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Background: Since their conception during the mid-1970s, international participation in extreme sports has grown rapidly. The recent death of extreme snowmobiler Caleb Moore at the 2013 Winter X Games has demonstrated the serious risks associated with these sports. Purpose: To examine the incidence and prevalence of head and neck injuries (HNIs) in extreme sports. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to acquire data from 7 sports (2000-2011) that were included in the Winter and Summer X Games. Data from the NEISS database were collected for each individual sport per year and type of HNI. Cumulative data for overall incidence and injuries over the entire 11-year period were calculated. National estimates were determined using NEISS-weighted calculations. Incidence rates were calculated for extreme sports using data from Outdoor Foundation Participation Reports. Results: Over 4 million injuries were reported between 2000 and 2011, of which 11.3% were HNIs. Of all HNIs, 83% were head injuries and 17% neck injuries. The 4 sports with the highest total incidence of HNI were skateboarding (129,600), snowboarding (97,527), skiing (83,313), and motocross (78,236). Severe HNI (cervical or skull fracture) accounted for 2.5% of extreme sports HNIs. Of these, skateboarding had the highest percentage of severe HNIs. Conclusion: The number of serious injuries suffered in extreme sports has increased as participation in the sports continues to grow. A greater awareness of the dangers associated with these sports offers an opportunity for sports medicine and orthopaedic physicians to advocate for safer equipment, improved on-site medical care, and further research regarding extreme sports injuries. © 2015 The Author(s).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gilchrist, I; Moglo, K; Storr, M; Pelland, L
Effects of head flexion posture on the multidirectional static force capacity of the neck Journal Article
In: Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 37, pp. 44–52, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Article, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, body equilibrium, body posture, Cervical spine, Concussions, contact sport, cross-sectional study, Dynamometry, force, head flexion, head movement, head position, human, human experiment, Male, Muscle, muscle contraction, muscle strength, neck injury, Neck muscle, neck strength, priority journal
@article{Gilchrist2016,
title = {Effects of head flexion posture on the multidirectional static force capacity of the neck},
author = {Gilchrist, I and Moglo, K and Storr, M and Pelland, L},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.05.016},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Biomechanics},
volume = {37},
pages = {44--52},
abstract = {Background Neck muscle force protects vertebral alignment and resists potentially injurious loading of osteoligamentous structures during head impacts. As the majority of neck muscles generate moments about all three planes of motion, it is not clear how the force capacity of the neck might be modulated by direction of force application and head posture. The aim of our study was to measure the multidirectional moment-generating capacity of the neck and to evaluate effects of 20° of head flexion, a common head position in contact sports, on the measured capacity. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study, with 25 males, 20-30 years old, performing maximum voluntary contractions, with ballistic intent, along eight directions, set at 45° intervals in the horizontal plane of the head. Three-dimensional moments at C3 and T1 were calculated using equations of static equilibrium. The variable of interest was the impulse of force generated from 0-50 ms. Effects of direction of force application and head posture, neutral and 20° flexion, were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Findings Impulse of force was lower along diagonal planes, at 45° from the mid-sagittal plane, compared to orthogonal planes (P \< 0.001). Compared to neutral posture, head flexion produced a 55.2% decrease in impulse capacity at C3 and 45.9% at T1. Interpretation The risk of injury with head impact would intrinsically be higher along diagonal planes and with a 20° head down position due to a lower moment generating capacity of the neck in the first 50 ms of force application. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, Article, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, body equilibrium, body posture, Cervical spine, Concussions, contact sport, cross-sectional study, Dynamometry, force, head flexion, head movement, head position, human, human experiment, Male, Muscle, muscle contraction, muscle strength, neck injury, Neck muscle, neck strength, priority journal},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bell, Travis R; Sanderson, Jimmy
A Hit on American Football: A Case Study of Bottom-up Framing Through Op-Ed Readers' Comments Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sport Communication, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 499–518, 2016, ISBN: 19363915.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *FOOTBALL players, *FOOTBALL teams, Concussions, HEPATIC encephalopathy, NATIONAL Football League, news forums, sport and health, Youth sports
@article{Bell2016,
title = {A Hit on American Football: A Case Study of Bottom-up Framing Through Op-Ed Readers' Comments},
author = {Bell, Travis R and Sanderson, Jimmy},
isbn = {19363915},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sport Communication},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
pages = {499--518},
abstract = {In December 2015, the movie Concussion was released. The film portrayed the story of Dr Bennet Omalu, who is credited with discovering chromic traumatic encephalopathy in the brains of deceased National Football League players. Before the release, on December 7,2015, Omalu penned an op-ed in The New York Times in which he opined that children should not play tackle football. This research explores 114 reader comments on Omalu's op-ed through the lens of Nisbet's bottom-up framing. Using a mixed-methods approach, the results indicated that participants framed the issue through health and safety, American cultural values, parenting liability, and skepticism. Linguistic analysis revealed that comments contained a negative tone, with women's comments being more negative than men's. The analysis suggests that online news forums function as spaces where public deliberation around the viability of children playing tackle football occurs and illustrates the tensions around risk, sport participation, and health and safety that confront parents as they grapple with the decision to let their children play tackle football. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*FOOTBALL players, *FOOTBALL teams, Concussions, HEPATIC encephalopathy, NATIONAL Football League, news forums, sport and health, Youth sports},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oja, Brent D; Bass, Jordan R
Safety or Style? An Examination of the Role of Football Equipment Personnel Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Sport Management, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 26–45, 2016, ISBN: 23270187.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *FOOTBALL equipment, AUTONOMY (Psychology), Concussions, hierarchy, ORGANIZATIONAL power, power, structure
@article{Oja2016,
title = {Safety or Style? An Examination of the Role of Football Equipment Personnel},
author = {Oja, Brent D and Bass, Jordan R},
isbn = {23270187},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Sport Management},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {26--45},
abstract = {The national recognition of concussions has increased greatly over the past decade. While concussions have moved to the spotlight, institutional policies and procedures are just beginning their climb into the public eye. This research delves into a sphere of sport that has to date been largely ignored, the role of equipment personnel. Equipment personnel were chosen due to their connection to concussions and organizational power. Organizational power has traditionally rested with those who acquire the most resources. Coaches usually represent such power. However, power can also be derived from maintaining resources. Qualitative methodology was utilized to gauge the perceptions of equipment personnel on a variety of topics related to organizational power and concussions. The results revealed that equipment personnel have little overall professional power. Although a majority of participants reported that they believed they retained the power to choose protective equipment for student-athletes, this autonomy was neither consistent nor sovereign. Informal power structures were discovered in which coaches were thought to have more power than their formal supervisors. Administrators should consider implementing policies that grant greater autonomy to equipment personnel in order to better protect student-athletes. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*FOOTBALL equipment, AUTONOMY (Psychology), Concussions, hierarchy, ORGANIZATIONAL power, power, structure},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Steiner, M E; Berkstresser, B D; Richardson, L; Elia, G; Wang, F
Full-Contact Practice and Injuries in College Football Journal Article
In: Sports Health, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 217–223, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Concussions, football, Injuries, injury exposures
@article{Steiner2015,
title = {Full-Contact Practice and Injuries in College Football},
author = {Steiner, M E and Berkstresser, B D and Richardson, L and Elia, G and Wang, F},
doi = {10.1177/1941738115626689},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Sports Health},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {217--223},
abstract = {Background: Despite recent restrictions being placed on practice in college football, there are little data to correlate such changes with injuries. Hypothesis: Football injuries will correlate with a team’s exposure to full-contact practice, total practice, and total games. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: All injuries and athlete injury exposures (AE × Min = athletes exposed × activity duration in minutes) were recorded for an intercollegiate football team over 4 consecutive fall seasons. Weekly injuries and injury rates (injuries per athletic injury exposure) were correlated with the weekly exposures to full-contact practices, total practices, formal scrimmages, and games. Results: The preseason practice injury rate was over twice the in-season practice injury rate (P \< 0.001). For preseason, injury exposures were higher for full-contact practice (P = 0.0166), total practices (P = 0.015), and scrimmages/games (P = 0.034) compared with in-season. Preseason and in-season practice injuries correlated with exposure to full-contact practice combined with scrimmages for preseason (P \< 0.008) and full-contact practice combined with games for in-season (P = 0.0325). The game injury rate was over 6 times greater than the practice injury rate (P \< 0.0001). Concussions constituted 14.5% of all injuries, and the incidence of concussions correlated with the incidence of all injuries (P = 0.0001). Strength training did not correlate with injuries. Conclusion: Decreased exposure to full-contact practice may decrease the incidence of practice injuries and practice concussions. However, the game injury rate was over 6 times greater than the practice injury rate and had an inverse correlation with full-contact practice. © 2016, 2016 The Author(s).},
keywords = {Concussions, football, Injuries, injury exposures},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sharma, V K; Rango, J; Connaughton, A J; Lombardo, D J; Sabesan, V J
The current state of head and neck injuries in extreme sports Journal Article
In: Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, AWARENESS, Concussion, Concussions, EPIDEMIOLOGY, extreme sport, Extreme sports, fracture, Head and neck injuries, head and neck injury, head injury, human, Incidence, laceration, major clinical study, neck injury, physician, Prevalence, priority journal, quality of life, skateboarding, skiing, telephone interview
@article{Sharma2015,
title = {The current state of head and neck injuries in extreme sports},
author = {Sharma, V K and Rango, J and Connaughton, A J and Lombardo, D J and Sabesan, V J},
doi = {10.1177/2325967114564358},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Background: Since their conception during the mid-1970s, international participation in extreme sports has grown rapidly. The recent death of extreme snowmobiler Caleb Moore at the 2013 Winter X Games has demonstrated the serious risks associated with these sports. Purpose: To examine the incidence and prevalence of head and neck injuries (HNIs) in extreme sports. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to acquire data from 7 sports (2000-2011) that were included in the Winter and Summer X Games. Data from the NEISS database were collected for each individual sport per year and type of HNI. Cumulative data for overall incidence and injuries over the entire 11-year period were calculated. National estimates were determined using NEISS-weighted calculations. Incidence rates were calculated for extreme sports using data from Outdoor Foundation Participation Reports. Results: Over 4 million injuries were reported between 2000 and 2011, of which 11.3% were HNIs. Of all HNIs, 83% were head injuries and 17% neck injuries. The 4 sports with the highest total incidence of HNI were skateboarding (129,600), snowboarding (97,527), skiing (83,313), and motocross (78,236). Severe HNI (cervical or skull fracture) accounted for 2.5% of extreme sports HNIs. Of these, skateboarding had the highest percentage of severe HNIs. Conclusion: The number of serious injuries suffered in extreme sports has increased as participation in the sports continues to grow. A greater awareness of the dangers associated with these sports offers an opportunity for sports medicine and orthopaedic physicians to advocate for safer equipment, improved on-site medical care, and further research regarding extreme sports injuries. © 2015 The Author(s).},
keywords = {Article, AWARENESS, Concussion, Concussions, EPIDEMIOLOGY, extreme sport, Extreme sports, fracture, Head and neck injuries, head and neck injury, head injury, human, Incidence, laceration, major clinical study, neck injury, physician, Prevalence, priority journal, quality of life, skateboarding, skiing, telephone interview},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}