Estevan, I; Alvarez, O; Falco, C; Molina-Garcia, J; Castillo, I
Impact force and time analysis influenced by execution distance in a roundhouse kick to the head in taekwondo Journal Article
In: Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 2851–2856, 2011.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *HEAD, *Martial Arts/ph [Physiology], *Task Performance and Analysis, adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Male, Young Adult
@article{Estevan2011,
title = {Impact force and time analysis influenced by execution distance in a roundhouse kick to the head in taekwondo},
author = {Estevan, I and Alvarez, O and Falco, C and Molina-Garcia, J and Castillo, I},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Strength \& Conditioning Research},
volume = {25},
number = {10},
pages = {2851--2856},
abstract = {The execution distance is a tactic factor that affects mechanical performance and execution technique in taekwondo. This study analyzes the roundhouse kick to the head by comparing the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time in 3 distances according to the athletes' competition level. It also analyzes the relationship between impact force and weight in each group. It examines whether the execution distance affects the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time, in each level group or 2 different competition levels. Participants were 27 male taekwondo players (13 medallists and 14 nonmedallists). The medallists executed the roundhouse kick to the head with greater impact force and in a shorter execution time than did the nonmedallists when they kicked from any distance different to their combat distance. However, the results showed that the execution distance is influential in the execution time and impact time in the nonmedallist group. It is considered appropriate to orientate the high-level competitors to train for offensive actions from any distance similar to the long execution distance because it offers equally effectiveness and a greater security against the opponent. Also, practitioners should focus their training to improve time performance because it is more affected by distance than impact force.},
keywords = {*HEAD, *Martial Arts/ph [Physiology], *Task Performance and Analysis, adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Male, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Matthews, S; Simmons, A; Strigo, I
The effects of loss versus alteration of consciousness on inhibition-related brain activity among individuals with a history of blast-related concussion.[Erratum appears in Psychiatry Res. 2011 May 31;192(2):131] Journal Article
In: Psychiatry Research, vol. 191, no. 1, pp. 76–79, 2011.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], *Brain Mapping, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Consciousness/ph [Physiology], *Inhibition (Psychology), *Unconsciousness/pp [Physiopathology], 0 (Peroxides), 31PZ2VAU81 (carbamide peroxide), 8W8T17847W (Urea), adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain/bs [Blood Supply], Computer-Assisted/mt [Methods], Humans, image processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, Monte Carlo Method, Peroxides/bl [Blood], Unconsciousness/pa [Pathology], Urea/aa [Analogs & Derivatives], Urea/bl [Blood], Young Adult
@article{Matthews2011a,
title = {The effects of loss versus alteration of consciousness on inhibition-related brain activity among individuals with a history of blast-related concussion.[Erratum appears in Psychiatry Res. 2011 May 31;192(2):131]},
author = {Matthews, S and Simmons, A and Strigo, I},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Psychiatry Research},
volume = {191},
number = {1},
pages = {76--79},
abstract = {In this investigation, 27 individuals who experienced blast-related concussion, i.e., brief loss (LOC) or alteration (AOC) of consciousness, performed a stop task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. LOC versus AOC subjects displayed altered ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity, which correlated with somatic symptom severity-findings which may suggest a neural correlate of impaired self awareness after LOC. Copyright Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], *Brain Mapping, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Consciousness/ph [Physiology], *Inhibition (Psychology), *Unconsciousness/pp [Physiopathology], 0 (Peroxides), 31PZ2VAU81 (carbamide peroxide), 8W8T17847W (Urea), adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain/bs [Blood Supply], Computer-Assisted/mt [Methods], Humans, image processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, Monte Carlo Method, Peroxides/bl [Blood], Unconsciousness/pa [Pathology], Urea/aa [Analogs \& Derivatives], Urea/bl [Blood], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vent, J; Koenig, J; Hellmich, M; Huettenbrink, K B; Damm, M
Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1320, pp. 1–6, 2010.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult
@article{Vent2010,
title = {Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis},
author = {Vent, J and Koenig, J and Hellmich, M and Huettenbrink, K B and Damm, M},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1320},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Recently, interest in the health of boxers has been raised by a petition of the British Medical Association to restrict boxing. However, scientific data on permanent damage are rare and typical localisations of injuries were yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in the sense of smell in people undergoing recurrent head traumas. The hypothesis to be tested was if boxers had a reduced olfactory function. We used a matched pairs analysis design. Fifty healthy, male athletes underwent subjective olfactometry using Sniffin'Sticks testing (including threshold, discrimination and identification, TDI). Nasal endoscopy was performed and a thorough, questionnaire-based history was obtained. These data were correlated with normative data from healthy subjects. Statistical analysis was based on matched pairs analysis by t-tests, i.e. boxers and healthy (non-boxing) subjects. Boxers showed a mean TDI score of 32.5 compared to 35.1 of non-boxing controls (p=0.003). The olfactory threshold (p\<0.001) and odour identification (p\<0.05) were significantly decreased in boxers; whereas odour discrimination was unaffected. Performance of odour identification showed a correlation with cushioning of the gloves (p\<0.05), and thus seems a protective measure regarding the sense of smell. Boxing seems to affect olfactory function, particularly by reducing the olfactory threshold. Furthermore, cushioning of the gloves can be protective and should be increased to safeguard sportsmen from physical damage. Boxing can serve as a model for central regeneration after trauma. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Smith, A M; Stuart, M J; Dodick, D W; Roberts, W O; Alford, P W; Ashare, A B; Aubrey, M; Benson, B W; Burke, C J; Dick, R; Eickhoff, C; Emery, C A; Flashman, L A; Gaz, D; Giza, C C; Greenwald, R M; Herring, S; Hoshizaki, T B; Hudziak, J J; Huston 3rd, J; Krause, D; LaVoi, N; Leaf, M; Leddy, J J; MacPherson, A; McKee, A C; Mihalik, J P; Moessner, A M; Montelpare, W J; Putukian, M; Schneider, K J; Szalkowski, R; Tabrum, M; Whitehead, J; Wiese-Bjornstal, D M
Ice Hockey Summit II: zero tolerance for head hits and fighting.[Erratum appears in Clin J Sport Med. 2015 Jul;25(4):379] Journal Article
In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 78–87, 2015.
@article{Smith2015a,
title = {Ice Hockey Summit II: zero tolerance for head hits and fighting.[Erratum appears in Clin J Sport Med. 2015 Jul;25(4):379]},
author = {Smith, A M and Stuart, M J and Dodick, D W and Roberts, W O and Alford, P W and Ashare, A B and Aubrey, M and Benson, B W and Burke, C J and Dick, R and Eickhoff, C and Emery, C A and Flashman, L A and Gaz, D and Giza, C C and Greenwald, R M and Herring, S and Hoshizaki, T B and Hudziak, J J and {Huston 3rd}, J and Krause, D and LaVoi, N and Leaf, M and Leddy, J J and MacPherson, A and McKee, A C and Mihalik, J P and Moessner, A M and Montelpare, W J and Putukian, M and Schneider, K J and Szalkowski, R and Tabrum, M and Whitehead, J and Wiese-Bjornstal, D M},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {78--87},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To present currently known basic science and on-ice influences of sport-related concussion (SRC) in hockey, building on the Ice Hockey Summit I action plan (2011) to reduce SRC. METHODS: The prior summit proceedings included an action plan intended to reduce SRC. As such, the proceedings from Summit I served as a point of departure, for the science and discussion held during Summit II (Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, October 2013). Summit II focused on (1) Basic Science of Concussions in Ice Hockey: Taking Science Forward; (2) Acute and Chronic Concussion Care: Making a Difference; (3) Preventing Concussions via Behavior, Rules, Education and Measuring Effectiveness; (4) Updates in Equipment: their Relationship to Industry Standards; and (5) Policies and Plans at State, National and Federal Levels to reduce SRC. Action strategies derived from the presentations and discussion described in these sectors were subsequently voted on for purposes of prioritization. The following proceedings include knowledge and research shared by invited faculty, many of whom are health care providers and clinical investigators. RESULTS: The Summit II evidence-based action plan emphasizes the rapidly evolving scientific content of hockey SRC. It includes the most highly prioritized strategies voted on for implementation to decrease concussion. CONCLUSIONS: The highest priority action items identified from the Summit includes the following: (1) eliminate head hits from all levels of ice hockey, (2) change body-checking policies, and (3) eliminate fighting in all amateur and professional hockey.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Meehan, W P; Jordaan, M; Prabhu, S P; Carew, L; Mannix, R C; Proctor, M R
Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low Journal Article
In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 133–137, 2015.
@article{Meehan2015,
title = {Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low},
author = {Meehan, W P and Jordaan, M and Prabhu, S P and Carew, L and Mannix, R C and Proctor, M R},
doi = {10.1097/JSM.0000000000000107},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {133--137},
abstract = {Objective: To estimate the risk of athletes with Chiari malformations sustaining a catastrophic injury. Design: Retrospective, descriptive cohort study. Participants: All patients diagnosed with Chiari malformation at our institution between June 2008 and November 2011. Assessment of Risk Factors: Participants were mailed a questionnaire regarding the number of seasons they participated in organized athletics. Magnetic resonance images were reviewed to describe the characteristics of respondent's Chiari malformations. Main Outcome Measures: Whether or not the patient had sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Results: We had a 53% (N = 147) response rate. Respondents were of a mean age of 15 years (SD, 2 years) at the time of diagnosis. The mean length of protrusion of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum was 11.2 mm (SD, 5.7 mm). Most of the respondents had pointed cerebellar tonsils and some degree of crowding within the foramen magnum. During a total of 1627 athletic seasons played by patients with Chiari malformation, 0 respondents [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.0000-0.0023] sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Likewise, during 191 collision sport athletic seasons, 0 (95% CI, 0.0000-0.0191) respondents sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Conclusions: The risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low. This estimate of risk should be considered when making return-toplay decisions. Given the variability of anatomical consideration for patients with Chiari malformations, however, each return-to-play decision must continue to be made on a case-by-case basis, considering all of the available information. Clinical Relevance: The low risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries in sports should be considered when making return-to-play decisions. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Olivera, A; Lejbman, N; Jeromin, A; French, L M; Kim, H S; Cashion, A; Mysliwiec, V; Diaz-Arrastia, R; Gill, J
Peripheral Total Tau in Military Personnel Who Sustain Traumatic Brain Injuries During Deployment Journal Article
In: JAMA Neurology, vol. 72, no. 10, pp. 1109–1116, 2015.
@article{Olivera2015,
title = {Peripheral Total Tau in Military Personnel Who Sustain Traumatic Brain Injuries During Deployment},
author = {Olivera, A and Lejbman, N and Jeromin, A and French, L M and Kim, H S and Cashion, A and Mysliwiec, V and Diaz-Arrastia, R and Gill, J},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {JAMA Neurology},
volume = {72},
number = {10},
pages = {1109--1116},
abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Approximately one-third of military personnel who deploy for combat operations sustain 1 or more traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), which increases the risk for chronic symptoms of postconcussive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression and for the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Elevated concentrations of tau are observed in blood shortly following a TBI, but, to our knowledge, the role of tau elevations in blood in the onset and maintenance of chronic symptoms after TBI has not been investigated. OBJECTIVES: To assess peripheral tau levels in military personnel exposed to TBI and to examine the relationship between chronic neurological symptoms and tau elevations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Observational assessment from September 2012 to August 2014 of US military personnel at the Madigan Army Medical Center who had been deployed within the previous 18 months. Plasma total tau concentrations were measured using a novel ultrasensitive single-molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Classification of participants with and without self-reported TBI was made using the Warrior Administered Retrospective Casualty Assessment Tool. Self-reported symptoms of postconcussive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression were determined by the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Military Version, and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, respectively. Group differences in tau concentrations were determined through analysis of variance models, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve determined the sensitivity and specificity of tau concentrations in predicting TBI and chronic symptoms. Seventy participants with self-reported TBI on the Warrior Administered Retrospective Casualty Assessment Tool and 28 control participants with no TBI exposure were included. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Concentration of total tau in peripheral blood. RESULTS: Concentrations of plasma tau were significantly elevated in the 70 participants with self-reported TBI compared with the 28 controls (mean [SD], 1.13 [0.78] vs 0.63 [0.48] pg/mL, respectively; F1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Czerniak, S M; Sikoglu, E M; Liso Navarro, A A; McCafferty, J; Eisenstock, J; Stevenson, J H; King, J A; Moore, C M
A resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of concussion in collegiate athletes.[Erratum appears in Brain Imaging Behav. 2015 Sep;9(3):650; PMID: 25326270] Journal Article
In: Brain Imaging & Behavior, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 323–332, 2015.
@article{Czerniak2015b,
title = {A resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of concussion in collegiate athletes.[Erratum appears in Brain Imaging Behav. 2015 Sep;9(3):650; PMID: 25326270]},
author = {Czerniak, S M and Sikoglu, E M and {Liso Navarro}, A A and McCafferty, J and Eisenstock, J and Stevenson, J H and King, J A and Moore, C M},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Imaging \& Behavior},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {323--332},
abstract = {Sports-related concussions are currently diagnosed through multi-domain assessment by a medical professional and may utilize neurocognitive testing as an aid. However, these tests have only been able to detect differences in the days to week post-concussion. Here, we investigate a measure of brain function, namely resting state functional connectivity, which may detect residual brain differences in the weeks to months after concussion. Twenty-one student athletes (9 concussed within 6 months of enrollment; 12 non-concussed; between ages 18 and 22 years) were recruited for this study. All participants completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task and the Color-Word Interference Test. Neuroimaging data, specifically resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data, were acquired to examine resting state functional connectivity. Two sample t-tests were used to compare the neurocognitive scores and resting state functional connectivity patterns among concussed and non-concussed participants. Correlations between neurocognitive scores and resting state functional connectivity measures were also determined across all subjects. There were no significant differences in neurocognitive performance between concussed and non-concussed groups. Concussed subjects had significantly increased connections between areas of the brain that underlie executive function. Across all subjects, better neurocognitive performance corresponded to stronger brain connectivity. Even at rest, brains of concussed athletes may have to 'work harder' than their healthy peers to achieve similar neurocognitive results. Resting state brain connectivity may be able to detect prolonged brain differences in concussed athletes in a more quantitative manner than neurocognitive test scores.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Rao, A L; Asif, I M; Drezner, J A; Toresdahl, B G; Harmon, K G
Suicide in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Athletes: A 9-Year Analysis of the NCAA Resolutions Database Journal Article
In: Sports & Health, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 452–457, 2015.
@article{Rao2015,
title = {Suicide in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Athletes: A 9-Year Analysis of the NCAA Resolutions Database},
author = {Rao, A L and Asif, I M and Drezner, J A and Toresdahl, B G and Harmon, K G},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Sports \& Health},
volume = {7},
number = {5},
pages = {452--457},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has recently highlighted mental health concerns in student athletes, though the incidence of suicide among NCAA athletes is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of suicide among NCAA athletes. HYPOTHESIS: The incidence of suicide in NCAA athletes differs by sex, race, sport, and division. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3. METHODS: NCAA Memorial Resolutions list and published NCAA demographic data were used to identify student-athlete deaths and total participant seasons from 2003-2004 through 2011-2012. Deaths were analyzed by age, sex, race, division, and sport. RESULTS: Over the 9-year study period, 35 cases of suicide were identified from a review of 477 student-athlete deaths during 3,773,309 individual participant seasons. The overall suicide rate was 0.93/100,000 per year. Suicide represented 7.3% (35/477) of all-cause mortality among NCAA student athletes. The annual incidence of suicide in male athletes was 1.35/100,000 and in female athletes was 0.37/100,000 (relative risk [RR], 3.7; P \< 0.01). The incidence in African American athletes was 1.22/100,000 and in white athletes was 0.87/100,000 (RR, 1.4; P = 0.45). The highest rate of suicide occurred in men's football (2.25/100,000), and football athletes had a relative risk of 2.2 (P = 0.03) of committing suicide compared with other male, nonfootball athletes. CONCLUSION: The suicide rate in NCAA athletes appears to be lower than that of the general and collegiate population of similar age. NCAA male athletes have a significantly higher rate of suicide compared with female athletes, and football athletes appear to be at greatest risk. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Suicide represents a preventable cause of death, and development of effective prevention programs is recommended. Copyright © 2015 The Author(s).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Freitag, A; Kirkwood, G; Scharer, S; Ofori-Asenso, R; Pollock, A M
Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and adolescents under 21 years Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 511–519, 2015.
@article{Freitag2015a,
title = {Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and adolescents under 21 years},
author = {Freitag, A and Kirkwood, G and Scharer, S and Ofori-Asenso, R and Pollock, A M},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {8},
pages = {511--519},
abstract = {A systematic review of rugby union and league injuries among players under the age of 21 years was carried out to calculate probabilities of match injury for a player over a season and a pooled estimate of match injury incidence where studies were sufficiently similar. The probability of a player being injured over a season ranged from 6% to 90% for rugby union and 68% to 96% for rugby league. The pooled injury incidence estimate for rugby union was 26.7/1000 player-hours for injuries irrespective of need for medical attention or time-loss and 10.3/1000 player-hours for injuries requiring at least 7 days absence from games; equivalent to a 28.4% and 12.1% risk of being injured over a season. Study heterogeneity contributed to a wide variation in injury incidence. Public injury surveillance and prevention systems have been successful in reducing injury rates in other countries. No such system exists in the UK. Copyright Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hutchison, M G; Comper, P; Meeuwisse, W H; Echemendia, R J
A systematic video analysis of National Hockey League (NHL) concussions, part I: who, when, where and what? Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 547–551, 2015.
@article{Hutchison2015,
title = {A systematic video analysis of National Hockey League (NHL) concussions, part I: who, when, where and what?},
author = {Hutchison, M G and Comper, P and Meeuwisse, W H and Echemendia, R J},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {8},
pages = {547--551},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although there is a growing understanding of the consequences of concussions in hockey, very little is known about the precipitating factors associated with this type of injury. AIM: To describe player characteristics and situational factors associated with concussions in the National Hockey League (NHL). METHODS: Case series of medically diagnosed concussions for regular season games over a 3.5-year period during the 2006-2010 seasons using an inclusive cohort of professional hockey players. Digital video records were coded and analysed using the Heads Up Checklist. RESULTS: Of 197 medically diagnosed concussions, 88% involved contact with an opponent. Forwards accounted for more concussions than expected compared with on-ice proportional representation (95% CI 60 to 73; p=0.04). Significantly more concussions occurred in the first period (47%) compared with the second and third periods (p=0.047), with the majority of concussions occurring in the defensive zone (45%). Approximately 47% of the concussions occurred in open ice, 53% occurred in the perimeter. Finally, 37% of the concussions involved injured players' heads contacting the boards or glass. CONCLUSIONS: This study describes several specific factors associated with concussions in the NHL, including period of the game, player position, body size, and specific locations on the ice and particular situations based on a player's position.Copyright Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Asplund, C A; Kutcher, J S
Syncope in athletes of neurological origin: 2B. From personal history and physical examination sections Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 256–257, 2015.
@article{Asplund2015,
title = {Syncope in athletes of neurological origin: 2B. From personal history and physical examination sections},
author = {Asplund, C A and Kutcher, J S},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {14},
number = {3},
pages = {256--257},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Neselius, S; Brisby, H; Granholm, F; Zetterberg, H; Blennow, K
Monitoring concussion in a knocked-out boxer by CSF biomarker analysis Journal Article
In: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 2536–2539, 2015.
@article{Neselius2015,
title = {Monitoring concussion in a knocked-out boxer by CSF biomarker analysis},
author = {Neselius, S and Brisby, H and Granholm, F and Zetterberg, H and Blennow, K},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy},
volume = {23},
number = {9},
pages = {2536--2539},
abstract = {Concussion is common in many sports, and the incidence is increasing. The medical consequences after a sport-related concussion have received increased attention in recent years since it is known that concussions cause axonal and glial damage, which disturbs the cerebral physiology and makes the brain more vulnerable for additional concussions. This study reports on a knocked-out amateur boxer in whom cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NFL) protein, reflecting axonal damage, was used to identify and monitor brain damage. CSF NFL was markedly increased during 36 weeks, suggesting that neuronal injury persists longer than expected after a concussion. CSF biomarker analysis may be valuable in the medical counselling of concussed athletes and in return-to-play considerations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Fitch, T; Villanueva, G; Quadir, M M; Sagiraju, H K; Alamgir, H
The prevalence and risk factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among workers injured in Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh Journal Article
In: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 756–763, 2015.
@article{Fitch2015,
title = {The prevalence and risk factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among workers injured in Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh},
author = {Fitch, T and Villanueva, G and Quadir, M M and Sagiraju, H K and Alamgir, H},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Industrial Medicine},
volume = {58},
number = {7},
pages = {756--763},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Prevalence and risk factors of PTSD among injured garment workers who survived a major factory collapse. METHODS: Survivors receiving treatment or rehabilitation care at one year post event were surveyed, which included Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Specific version. RESULTS: The respondents consisted of 181 people with a mean age of 27.8 years and a majority had less than high school education (91.2%). Multivariable logistic regression found that the odds of having PTSD was higher among married (OR: 3.2 [95% CI: 1.3-8.0]), those who used to work more than 70hr/week (OR: 2.4 [1.1-5.3]), workers who used to hold higher job positions (OR: 2.6 [1.2-5.6]) or who had a concussion injury (OR: 3.7 [1.4-9.8]). Among the respondents, 83.4% remained unemployed, and only 57.3% (63 people) reported receiving a quarter or less of what they were promised as compensation. CONCLUSIONS: Probable PTSD was prevalent among surviving workers of the Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh.Copyright © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Nelson, L D; Pfaller, A Y; Rein, L E; McCrea, M A
Rates and Predictors of Invalid Baseline Test Performance in High School and Collegiate Athletes for 3 Computerized Neurocognitive Tests: ANAM, Axon Sports, and ImPACT Journal Article
In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 2018–2026, 2015.
@article{Nelson2015,
title = {Rates and Predictors of Invalid Baseline Test Performance in High School and Collegiate Athletes for 3 Computerized Neurocognitive Tests: ANAM, Axon Sports, and ImPACT},
author = {Nelson, L D and Pfaller, A Y and Rein, L E and McCrea, M A},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {43},
number = {8},
pages = {2018--2026},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Preseason baseline testing using computerized neurocognitive tests (CNTs) is increasingly performed on athletes. Adequate effort is critical to establish valid estimates of ability, but many users do not evaluate performance validity, and the conditions that affect validity are not well understood across the available CNTs. PURPOSE: To examine the rates and predictors of invalid baseline performance for 3 popular CNTs: Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM), Axon Sports, and Immediate Post-Concussion and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT). STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. METHODS: High school and collegiate athletes (N = 2063) completed 2 of 3 CNTs each during preseason evaluations. All possible pairings were present across the sample, and the order of administration was randomized. Examiners provided 1-on-1, scripted pretest instructions, emphasizing the importance of good effort. Profile validity was determined by the manufacturers' standard criteria. RESULTS: The overall percentage of tests flagged as of questionable validity was lowest for ImPACT (2.7%) and higher for ANAM and Axon (10.7% and 11.3%, respectively). The majority of invalid baseline profiles were flagged as such because of failure on only 1 validity criterion. Several athlete and testing factors (eg, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], estimated general intellectual ability, administration order) predicted validity status for 1 or more CNTs. Considering only first CNT administrations and participants without ADHD and/or a learning disability (n = 1835) brought the rates of invalid baseline performances to 2.1%, 8.8%, and 7.0% for ImPACT, ANAM, and Axon, respectively. Invalid profiles on the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) were rare (1.8% of participants) and demonstrated poor correspondence to CNT validity outcomes. CONCLUSION: The validity criteria for these CNTs may not identify the same causes of invalidity or be equally sensitive to effort. The validity indicators may not be equally appropriate for some athletes (eg, those with neurodevelopmental disorders). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The data suggest that athletes do not put forth widespread low effort or that some validity criteria are more sensitive to invalid performance than others. It is important for examiners to be aware of the conditions that maximize the quality of baseline assessments and to understand what sources of invalid performance are captured by the validity criteria that they obtain.Copyright © 2015 The Author(s).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dretsch, M N; Silverberg, N D; Iverson, G L
Multiple Past Concussions Are Associated with Ongoing Post-Concussive Symptoms but Not Cognitive Impairment in Active-Duty Army Soldiers Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 32, no. 17, pp. 1301–1306, 2015.
@article{Dretsch2015,
title = {Multiple Past Concussions Are Associated with Ongoing Post-Concussive Symptoms but Not Cognitive Impairment in Active-Duty Army Soldiers},
author = {Dretsch, M N and Silverberg, N D and Iverson, G L},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {32},
number = {17},
pages = {1301--1306},
abstract = {The extent to which multiple past concussions are associated with lingering symptoms or mental health problems in military service members is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between lifetime concussion history, cognitive functioning, general health, and psychological health in a large sample of fit-for-duty U.S. Army soldiers preparing for deployment. Data on 458 active-duty soldiers were collected and analyzed. A computerized cognitive screening battery (CNS-Vital Signs()) was used to assess complex attention (CA), reaction time (RT), processing speed (PS), cognitive flexibility (CF), and memory. Health questionnaires included the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI), PTSD Checklist-Military Version (PCL-M), Zung Depression and Anxiety Scales (ZDS; ZAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Alcohol Use and Dependency Identification Test (AUDIT). Soldiers with a history of multiple concussions (i.e., three or more concussions) had significantly greater post-concussive symptom scores compared with those with zero (d=1.83, large effect), one (d=0.64, medium effect), and two (d=0.64, medium effect) prior concussions. Although the group with three or more concussions also reported more traumatic stress symptoms, the results revealed that traumatic stress was a mediator between concussions and post-concussive symptom severity. There were no significant differences on neurocognitive testing between the number of concussions. These results add to the accumulating evidence suggesting that most individuals recover from one or two prior concussions, but there is a greater risk for ongoing symptoms if one exceeds this number of injuries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Biederman, J; Feinberg, L; Chan, J; Adeyemo, B O; Woodworth, K Y; Panis, W; McGrath, N; Bhatnagar, S; Spencer, T J; Uchida, M; Kenworthy, T; Grossman, R; Zafonte, R; Faraone, S V
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Student Athletes Journal Article
In: Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, vol. 203, no. 11, pp. 813–819, 2015.
@article{Biederman2015,
title = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Student Athletes},
author = {Biederman, J and Feinberg, L and Chan, J and Adeyemo, B O and Woodworth, K Y and Panis, W and McGrath, N and Bhatnagar, S and Spencer, T J and Uchida, M and Kenworthy, T and Grossman, R and Zafonte, R and Faraone, S V},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Nervous \& Mental Disease},
volume = {203},
number = {11},
pages = {813--819},
abstract = {A recent meta-analysis documented a significant statistical association between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Adeyemo et al., 2014), but the direction of this effect was unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that ADHD would be an antecedent risk factor for mTBI. Participants were student athletes ages 12 to 25 who had sustained a mTBI and Controls of similar age and sex selected from studies of youth with and without ADHD. Subjects were assessed for symptoms of ADHD, concussion severity, and cognitive function. mTBI subjects had a significantly higher rate of ADHD than Controls, and in all cases the age of onset of ADHD was before mTBI onset. mTBI+ADHD subjects also had more severe concussion symptoms (fatigue and poor concentration) than mTBI-ADHD subjects. These results support ADHD as an antecedent risk factor for mTBI in student athletes and that its presence complicates the course of mTBI.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Nauman, E A; Breedlove, K M; Breedlove, E L; Talavage, T M; Robinson, M E; Leverenz, L J
Post-Season Neurophysiological Deficits Assessed by ImPACT and fMRI in Athletes Competing in American Football Journal Article
In: Developmental Neuropsychology, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 85–91, 2015.
@article{Nauman2015,
title = {Post-Season Neurophysiological Deficits Assessed by ImPACT and fMRI in Athletes Competing in American Football},
author = {Nauman, E A and Breedlove, K M and Breedlove, E L and Talavage, T M and Robinson, M E and Leverenz, L J},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Developmental Neuropsychology},
volume = {40},
number = {2},
pages = {85--91},
abstract = {Neurocognitive assessment, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and head impact monitoring were used to evaluate neurological changes in high school football players throughout competitive seasons. A substantial number of asymptomatic athletes exhibited neurophysiological changes that persisted post-season, with abnormal measures significantly more common in athletes receiving 50 or more hits per week during the season.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Waldron-Perrine, B; Tree, H A; Spencer, R J; Suhr, J; Bieliauskas, L
Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1051–1055, 2015.
@article{Waldron-Perrine2015,
title = {Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study},
author = {Waldron-Perrine, B and Tree, H A and Spencer, R J and Suhr, J and Bieliauskas, L},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1051--1055},
abstract = {PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Many Veterans involved in recent OEF/OIF conflicts return with reports of having experienced an mTBI. The Veteran's Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) have gone to great lengths to provide information to Veterans regarding possible effects of TBI. Although well intended, this information may possibly have an iatrogenic effect. Conversely, setting positive expectations for recovery from mTBI has been shown to result in decreased symptomatology. RESEARCH DESIGN: One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analyses were used to determine whether there were significant differences on reported severity and number of PCS symptoms (NSI) among the three experimental groups (recovery focused information; expectation for persistent symptoms; and no information given). METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Undergraduate students, who were told to imagine they had experienced a military-related TBI, reported varying levels of expected symptoms when given either positive or negative information about symptom expectation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The results indicate that presenting recovery-oriented literature resulted in the lowest report of expected symptoms, whereas presenting no information resulted in the highest report of expected symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Providing Veterans with information regarding a likely positive trajectory of recovery may result in less symptom persistence during rehabilitation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Estevan, I; Alvarez, O; Falco, C; Molina-Garcia, J; Castillo, I
Impact force and time analysis influenced by execution distance in a roundhouse kick to the head in taekwondo Journal Article
In: Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 2851–2856, 2011.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *HEAD, *Martial Arts/ph [Physiology], *Task Performance and Analysis, adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Male, Young Adult
@article{Estevan2011,
title = {Impact force and time analysis influenced by execution distance in a roundhouse kick to the head in taekwondo},
author = {Estevan, I and Alvarez, O and Falco, C and Molina-Garcia, J and Castillo, I},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Strength \& Conditioning Research},
volume = {25},
number = {10},
pages = {2851--2856},
abstract = {The execution distance is a tactic factor that affects mechanical performance and execution technique in taekwondo. This study analyzes the roundhouse kick to the head by comparing the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time in 3 distances according to the athletes' competition level. It also analyzes the relationship between impact force and weight in each group. It examines whether the execution distance affects the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time, in each level group or 2 different competition levels. Participants were 27 male taekwondo players (13 medallists and 14 nonmedallists). The medallists executed the roundhouse kick to the head with greater impact force and in a shorter execution time than did the nonmedallists when they kicked from any distance different to their combat distance. However, the results showed that the execution distance is influential in the execution time and impact time in the nonmedallist group. It is considered appropriate to orientate the high-level competitors to train for offensive actions from any distance similar to the long execution distance because it offers equally effectiveness and a greater security against the opponent. Also, practitioners should focus their training to improve time performance because it is more affected by distance than impact force.},
keywords = {*HEAD, *Martial Arts/ph [Physiology], *Task Performance and Analysis, adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Male, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Matthews, S; Simmons, A; Strigo, I
The effects of loss versus alteration of consciousness on inhibition-related brain activity among individuals with a history of blast-related concussion.[Erratum appears in Psychiatry Res. 2011 May 31;192(2):131] Journal Article
In: Psychiatry Research, vol. 191, no. 1, pp. 76–79, 2011.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], *Brain Mapping, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Consciousness/ph [Physiology], *Inhibition (Psychology), *Unconsciousness/pp [Physiopathology], 0 (Peroxides), 31PZ2VAU81 (carbamide peroxide), 8W8T17847W (Urea), adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain/bs [Blood Supply], Computer-Assisted/mt [Methods], Humans, image processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, Monte Carlo Method, Peroxides/bl [Blood], Unconsciousness/pa [Pathology], Urea/aa [Analogs & Derivatives], Urea/bl [Blood], Young Adult
@article{Matthews2011a,
title = {The effects of loss versus alteration of consciousness on inhibition-related brain activity among individuals with a history of blast-related concussion.[Erratum appears in Psychiatry Res. 2011 May 31;192(2):131]},
author = {Matthews, S and Simmons, A and Strigo, I},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Psychiatry Research},
volume = {191},
number = {1},
pages = {76--79},
abstract = {In this investigation, 27 individuals who experienced blast-related concussion, i.e., brief loss (LOC) or alteration (AOC) of consciousness, performed a stop task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. LOC versus AOC subjects displayed altered ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity, which correlated with somatic symptom severity-findings which may suggest a neural correlate of impaired self awareness after LOC. Copyright Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], *Brain Mapping, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Consciousness/ph [Physiology], *Inhibition (Psychology), *Unconsciousness/pp [Physiopathology], 0 (Peroxides), 31PZ2VAU81 (carbamide peroxide), 8W8T17847W (Urea), adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain/bs [Blood Supply], Computer-Assisted/mt [Methods], Humans, image processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, Monte Carlo Method, Peroxides/bl [Blood], Unconsciousness/pa [Pathology], Urea/aa [Analogs \& Derivatives], Urea/bl [Blood], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vent, J; Koenig, J; Hellmich, M; Huettenbrink, K B; Damm, M
Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1320, pp. 1–6, 2010.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult
@article{Vent2010,
title = {Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis},
author = {Vent, J and Koenig, J and Hellmich, M and Huettenbrink, K B and Damm, M},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1320},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Recently, interest in the health of boxers has been raised by a petition of the British Medical Association to restrict boxing. However, scientific data on permanent damage are rare and typical localisations of injuries were yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in the sense of smell in people undergoing recurrent head traumas. The hypothesis to be tested was if boxers had a reduced olfactory function. We used a matched pairs analysis design. Fifty healthy, male athletes underwent subjective olfactometry using Sniffin'Sticks testing (including threshold, discrimination and identification, TDI). Nasal endoscopy was performed and a thorough, questionnaire-based history was obtained. These data were correlated with normative data from healthy subjects. Statistical analysis was based on matched pairs analysis by t-tests, i.e. boxers and healthy (non-boxing) subjects. Boxers showed a mean TDI score of 32.5 compared to 35.1 of non-boxing controls (p=0.003). The olfactory threshold (p\<0.001) and odour identification (p\<0.05) were significantly decreased in boxers; whereas odour discrimination was unaffected. Performance of odour identification showed a correlation with cushioning of the gloves (p\<0.05), and thus seems a protective measure regarding the sense of smell. Boxing seems to affect olfactory function, particularly by reducing the olfactory threshold. Furthermore, cushioning of the gloves can be protective and should be increased to safeguard sportsmen from physical damage. Boxing can serve as a model for central regeneration after trauma. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}