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Phillips, S; Woessner, D
Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 243–248, 2015.
@article{Phillips2015b,
title = {Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Phillips, S and Woessner, D},
doi = {10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.010},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice},
volume = {42},
number = {2},
pages = {243--248},
abstract = {Concussions have garnered more attention in the medical literature, media, and social media. As such, in the nomenclature according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the term concussion has been supplanted by the term mild traumatic brain injury. Current numbers indicate that 1.7 million TBIs are documented annually, with estimates around 3 million annually (173,285 sports- and recreation-related TBIs among children and adolescents). The Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3 and the NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool are commonly used sideline tools. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Marinides, Z; Galetta, K M; Andrews, C N; Wilson, J A; Herman, D C; Robinson, C D; Smith, M S; Bentley, B C; Galetta, S L; Balcer, L J; Clugston, J R
Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Neurology: Clinical Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 2015.
@article{Marinides2015,
title = {Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion},
author = {Marinides, Z and Galetta, K M and Andrews, C N and Wilson, J A and Herman, D C and Robinson, C D and Smith, M S and Bentley, B C and Galetta, S L and Balcer, L J and Clugston, J R},
doi = {10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000060},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology: Clinical Practice},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {25--34},
abstract = {We examined the King-Devick (K-D) test, a vision-based test of rapid number naming, as a complement to components of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) for diagnosis of concussion. Baseline and postconcussion data for the University of Florida men's football, women's soccer, and women's lacrosse teams were collected, including the K-D test, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), and Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Among 30 athletes with first concussion during their athletic season (n 5 217 total), differences from baseline to postinjury showed worsening of K-D time scores in 79%, while SAC showed a ≥2- point worsening in 52%. Combining K-D and SAC captured abnormalities in 89%; adding the BESS identified 100% of concussions. Adding a vision-based test may enhance the detection of athletes with concussion. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Meehan, W P; Jordaan, M; Prabhu, S P; Carew, L; Mannix, R C; Proctor, M R
Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low Journal Article
In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 133–137, 2015.
@article{Meehan2015,
title = {Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low},
author = {Meehan, W P and Jordaan, M and Prabhu, S P and Carew, L and Mannix, R C and Proctor, M R},
doi = {10.1097/JSM.0000000000000107},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {133--137},
abstract = {Objective: To estimate the risk of athletes with Chiari malformations sustaining a catastrophic injury. Design: Retrospective, descriptive cohort study. Participants: All patients diagnosed with Chiari malformation at our institution between June 2008 and November 2011. Assessment of Risk Factors: Participants were mailed a questionnaire regarding the number of seasons they participated in organized athletics. Magnetic resonance images were reviewed to describe the characteristics of respondent's Chiari malformations. Main Outcome Measures: Whether or not the patient had sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Results: We had a 53% (N = 147) response rate. Respondents were of a mean age of 15 years (SD, 2 years) at the time of diagnosis. The mean length of protrusion of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum was 11.2 mm (SD, 5.7 mm). Most of the respondents had pointed cerebellar tonsils and some degree of crowding within the foramen magnum. During a total of 1627 athletic seasons played by patients with Chiari malformation, 0 respondents [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.0000-0.0023] sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Likewise, during 191 collision sport athletic seasons, 0 (95% CI, 0.0000-0.0191) respondents sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Conclusions: The risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low. This estimate of risk should be considered when making return-toplay decisions. Given the variability of anatomical consideration for patients with Chiari malformations, however, each return-to-play decision must continue to be made on a case-by-case basis, considering all of the available information. Clinical Relevance: The low risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries in sports should be considered when making return-to-play decisions. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
Tackling in youth football Journal Article
In: Pediatrics, vol. 136, no. 5, pp. e1419–e1430, 2015.
@article{Anonymous2015,
title = {Tackling in youth football},
author = {Anonymous},
doi = {10.1542/peds.2015-3282},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Pediatrics},
volume = {136},
number = {5},
pages = {e1419--e1430},
abstract = {American football remains one of the most popular sports for young athletes. The injuries sustained during football, especially those to the head and neck, have been a topic of intense interest recently in both the public media and medical literature. The recognition of these injuries and the potential for longterm sequelae have led some physicians to call for a reduction in the number of contact practices, a postponement of tackling until a certain age, and even a ban on high school football. This statement reviews the literature regarding injuries in football, particularly those of the head and neck, the relationship between tackling and football-related injuries, and the potential effects of limiting or delaying tackling on injury risk. © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vassilyadi, M; Macartney, G; Barrowman, N; Anderson, P; Dube, K
Symptom experience and quality of life in children after sport-related head injuries: A cross-sectional study Journal Article
In: Pediatric Neurosurgery, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 196–203, 2015.
@article{Vassilyadi2015,
title = {Symptom experience and quality of life in children after sport-related head injuries: A cross-sectional study},
author = {Vassilyadi, M and Macartney, G and Barrowman, N and Anderson, P and Dube, K},
doi = {10.1159/000431232},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Pediatric Neurosurgery},
volume = {50},
number = {4},
pages = {196--203},
abstract = {Background: Sports are a major cause of concussions, and little is known about the symptom experience and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in children who remain symptomatic for over 3 months following such head injuries. Methods: A cross-sectional study of children aged 10-18 years was performed who were referred to the Neurosurgery Clinic at our centre following a head injury. Symptom experience was measured using the modified Concussion Symptom Scale, and HRQL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) was administered to assess neurocognitive and neurobehavioural sequelae. Results: Symptoms with the highest mean symptom scores on a Likert scale of 0-6 in 35 children at the time of assessment included headaches (3.1), poor concentration (2.7), memory problems (2.1), fatigue (2.1) and sensitivity to noise (2.0). Compared with normative data, children in this study had ImPACT summary scores between the 28th and 38th percentiles and a comparably low Cognitive Efficiency Index score. Mean scores for females were consistently statistically significantly lower (p \< 0.05) than for males across all of the HRQL domains. Trouble falling asleep and memory problems explained 62% of the variance in the PedsQL total scores. Conclusions: Children continue to experience many symptoms at least 3 months following sport-related head injuries that significantly impact their HRQL and neurocognitive abilities. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexander, D G; Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B; Kidd, M; Malcolm, C M
Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1113–1125, 2015.
@article{Alexander2015,
title = {Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes},
author = {Alexander, D G and Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B and Kidd, M and Malcolm, C M},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1031699},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1113--1125},
abstract = {Background: Information is scant concerning enduring brain injury effects of participation in the contact sport of Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) on early adolescents.Objective: The objective was prospectively to investigate differences between young adolescent male rugby players and non-contact sports controls on neurocognitive test performance over 3 years and academic achievement over 6 years.Method: A sample of boys from the same school and grade was divided into three groups: rugby with seasonal concussions (n = 45), rugby no seasonal concussions (n = 21) and non-contact sports controls (n = 30). Baseline neurocognitive testing was conducted pre-season in Grade 7 and post-season in Grades 8 and 9. Year-end academic grades were documented for Grades 6-9 and 12 (pre-high school to year of school leaving). A mixed model repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to investigate comparative neurocognitive and academic outcomes between the three sub-groups.Results: Compared with controls, both rugby groups were significantly lower on the WISC-III Coding Immediate Recall sub-test. There was a significant interaction effect on the academic measure, with improved scores over time for controls, that was not in evidence for either rugby group.Conclusions: Tentatively, the outcome suggests cognitive vulnerability in association with school level participation in rugby. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McDevitt, J; Tierney, R T; Phillips, J; Gaughan, J P; Torg, J S; Krynetskiy, E
Association between GRIN2A promoter polymorphism and recovery from concussion Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 13-14, pp. 1674–1681, 2015.
@article{McDevitt2015,
title = {Association between GRIN2A promoter polymorphism and recovery from concussion},
author = {McDevitt, J and Tierney, R T and Phillips, J and Gaughan, J P and Torg, J S and Krynetskiy, E},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1075252},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {13-14},
pages = {1674--1681},
abstract = {Objective: To determine genetic variability within the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2A sub-unit (GRIN2A) gene promoter and its association with concussion recovery time. The hypothesis tested was that there would be a difference in allele and/or genotype distribution between two groups of athletes with normal and prolonged recovery.Methods: DNA was extracted from saliva collected from a total of 87 athletes with a physician-diagnosed concussion. The (GT) variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) within the promoter region of GRIN2A was genotyped. The long (L) allele was an allele with ≥25 repeats and the short (S) allele was an allele with \<25 repeats in the GT tract. Participants recovery time was followed prospectively and was categorized as normal (≤60 days) or prolonged (\>60 days).Results: LL carriers were 6-times more likely to recover longer than 60 days following the concussive event (p = 0.0433) when compared to SS carriers. Additionally, L allele carriers were found more frequently in the prolonged recovery group (p = 0.048).Conclusion: Determining genetic influence on concussion recovery will aid in future development of genetic counselling. The clinical relevance of genotyping athletes could improve management of athletes who experience concussion injuries. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brown, J C; Viljoen, W; Lambert, M I; Readhead, C; Fuller, C; Van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E
The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments Journal Article
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 394–399, 2015.
@article{Brown2015b,
title = {The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments},
author = {Brown, J C and Viljoen, W and Lambert, M I and Readhead, C and Fuller, C and {Van Mechelen}, W and Verhagen, E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {394--399},
abstract = {Objectives: Rugby Union ("rugby") is a popular sport with high injury risk. Burden of injury is described by the incidence and severity of injury. However reports have ignored the monetary cost of injuries. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the monetary cost associated with youth rugby injuries. Design: This descriptive study quantified medical treatments of injured players at the South African Rugby Union Youth tournaments in 2011/2012 and the days of work parents missed as a result of the injuries. A health insurer used these data to calculate associated costs. Methods: Legal guardians of the 421 injured players were contacted telephonically on a weekly basis until they returned to play. Treatments costs were estimated in South African Rands based on 2013 insurance rates and converted to US$ using purchasing power parities. Results: Of the 3652 players, 2% (n=71) sought medical care after the tournament. For these players, average treatment costs were high (US$731 per player, 95% CI: US$425-US$1096), with fractures being the most expensive type of injury. Players with medical insurance had higher costs (US$937, 95% CI: US$486-US$1500) than those without (US$220, 95% CI: US$145-US$302). Conclusions: Although a minority of players sought follow-up treatment after the tournaments, the cost of these injuries was high. Players without medical insurance having lower costs may indicate that these players did not receive adequate treatment for their injuries. Injury prevention efforts should consider injuries with high costs and the treatment of players without medical insurance. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Timpka, T; Jacobsson, J; Ekberg, J; Finch, C F; Bichenbach, J; Edouard, P; Bargoria, V; Branco, P; Alonso, J M
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 643–650, 2015.
@article{Timpka2015,
title = {Meta-narrative analysis of sports injury reporting practices based on the Injury Definitions Concept Framework (IDCF): A review of consensus statements and epidemiological studies in athletics (track and field)},
author = {Timpka, T and Jacobsson, J and Ekberg, J and Finch, C F and Bichenbach, J and Edouard, P and Bargoria, V and Branco, P and Alonso, J M},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.11.393},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {6},
pages = {643--650},
abstract = {Objectives: Consistency in routines for reporting injury has been a focus of development efforts in sports epidemiology for a long time. To gain an improved understanding of current reporting practices, we applied the Injury Definitions Concept Framework (IDCF) in a review of injury reporting in a subset of the field. Design: Meta-narrative review. Methods: An analysis of injury definitions reported in consensus statements for different sports and studies of injury epidemiology in athletics (track and field) published in PubMed between 1980 and 2013 was performed. Separate narratives for each of the three reporting contexts in the IDCF were constructed from the data. Results: Six consensus statements and 14 studies reporting on athletics injury epidemiology fulfilled the selection criteria. The narratives on sports performance, clinical examination, and athlete self-report contexts were evenly represented in the eligible studies. The sports performance and athlete self-report narratives covered both professional and community athletes as well as training and competition settings. In the clinical examination narrative, data collection by health service professionals was linked to studies of professional athletes at international championships. Conclusions: From an application of the IDCF in a review of injury reporting in sports epidemiology we observed a parallel usage of reporting contexts in this field of research. The co-existence of reporting methodologies does not necessarily reflect a problematic situation, but only provided that firm precautions are taken when comparing studies performed in the different contexts. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mirabelli, M H; Devine, M J; Singh, J; Mendoza, M
The preparticipation sports evaluation Journal Article
In: American Family Physician, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 371–376, 2015.
@article{Mirabelli2015,
title = {The preparticipation sports evaluation},
author = {Mirabelli, M H and Devine, M J and Singh, J and Mendoza, M},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Family Physician},
volume = {92},
number = {5},
pages = {371--376},
abstract = {The preparticipation physical evaluation is a commonly requested medical visit for amateur and professional athletes of all ages. The overarching goal is to maximize the health of athletes and their safe participation in sports. Although studies have not found that the preparticipation physical evaluation prevents morbidity and mortality associated with sports, it may detect conditions that predispose the athlete to injury or illness and can provide strategies to prevent injuries. Clearance depends on the outcome of the evaluation and the type of sport (and sometimes position or event) in which the athlete participates. All persons undergoing a preparticipation physical evaluation should be questioned about exertional symptoms, presence of a heart murmur, symptoms of Marfan syndrome, and family history of premature serious cardiac conditions or sudden death. The physical examination should focus on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. U.S. medical and athletic organizations discourage screening electrocardiography and blood and urine testing in asymptomatic patients. Further evaluation should be considered for persons with heart or lung disease, bleeding disorders, musculoskeletal problems, history of concussion, or other neurologic disorders. © 2015 American Academy of Family Physicians.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Billock, R M; Anderegg, J J; Mehan, T J; Chounthirath, T; Smith, G A
Zipline-related injuries treated in US EDs, 1997-2012 Journal Article
In: American Journal of Emergency Medicine, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 1745–1749, 2015.
@article{Billock2015,
title = {Zipline-related injuries treated in US EDs, 1997-2012},
author = {Billock, R M and Anderegg, J J and Mehan, T J and Chounthirath, T and Smith, G A},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajem.2015.08.022},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Emergency Medicine},
volume = {33},
number = {12},
pages = {1745--1749},
abstract = {Purpose To investigate the epidemiology of zipline-related injuries in the United States. Basic Procedures The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was used to examine non-fatal zipline-related injuries treated in US emergency departments (EDs) from 1997 through 2012. Sample weights were applied to calculate national estimates. Main Findings From 1997 through 2012, an estimated 16 850 (95% CI, 13 188-20 512) zipline-related injuries were treated in US EDs. The annual injury rate per 1 million population increased by 52.3% from 7.64 (95% CI, 4.86-10.42) injuries in 2009 (the first year with a stable annual estimate) to 11.64 (95% CI, 7.83-15.45) injuries in 2012. Patients aged 0-9 years accounted for 45.0% of injuries, females made up 53.1% of injuries, and 11.7% of patients required hospitalization. Fractures accounted for the largest proportion of injuries (46.7%), and the upper extremities were the most commonly injured body region (44.1%). Falls were the most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 77.3% of injuries. Among cases where the location of the injury event was known, 30.8% of injuries occurred in a residential setting and 69.2% occurred in a public place. Principal Conclusions This study is the first to characterize the epidemiology of zipline-related injuries using a nationally representative database. The rapid increase in zipline-related injuries in recent years suggests the need for additional safety guidelines and regulations. Commercial ziplines and publicly accessible non-commercial ziplines should be subject to uniform safety standards in all states and jurisdictions across the US, and homemade ziplines should not be used. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Makdissi, M; Davis, G; McCrory, P
Clinical challenges in the diagnosis and assessment of sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Neurology: Clinical Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2–5, 2015.
@article{Makdissi2015,
title = {Clinical challenges in the diagnosis and assessment of sports-related concussion},
author = {Makdissi, M and Davis, G and McCrory, P},
doi = {10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000061},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology: Clinical Practice},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {2--5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moran, B; Tadikonda, P; Sneed, K B; Hummel, M; Guiteau, S; Coris, E E
Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians Journal Article
In: Southern Medical Journal, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 553–558, 2015.
@article{Moran2015,
title = {Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians},
author = {Moran, B and Tadikonda, P and Sneed, K B and Hummel, M and Guiteau, S and Coris, E E},
doi = {10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
volume = {108},
number = {9},
pages = {553--558},
abstract = {Postconcussive syndrome is an increasingly recognized outcome of sports-related concussion (SRC), characterized by a constellation of poorly defined symptoms. Treatment of PCS is significantly different from that of SRC alone. Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate these patients, but some are unfamiliar with the available therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SRC and descriptions of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to allow primary care physicians to provide evidence-based care to patients experiencing postconcussive syndrome. © 2015 by The Southern Medical Association.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Edlow, B L; Hinson, H E
Blowing the whistle on sports concussions Journal Article
In: Neurology, vol. 85, no. 17, pp. 1442–1443, 2015.
@article{Edlow2015,
title = {Blowing the whistle on sports concussions},
author = {Edlow, B L and Hinson, H E},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000001902},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {85},
number = {17},
pages = {1442--1443},
abstract = {On March 13, 2015, Chris Borland, a star rookie linebacker on the San Francisco 49ers, announced his early retirement from professional football, citing concerns about chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Borland, who had a history of 2 diagnosed concussions, walked away from a multi-million-dollar contract and potential sports superstardom, explaining that "from what I've researched and what I've experienced, I don't think it's worth the risk." 1 Perhaps just as surprising as Borland's announcement was the support he received from teammates and other athletes-support that reflects a growing recognition in the athletic community that repetitive head trauma may be associated with CTE and other forms of dementia. 2 Indeed, in a recent legal settlement, the National Football League estimated that approximately 30% of its former players will develop dementia. At the high school and college levels, state legislatures and universities have enacted limits to the number of full-contact practices, citing similar concerns about concussions. These developments have prompted a societal conversation about the risks of contact sports. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hinton-Bayre, A D
Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Brain Impairment, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 80–89, 2015.
@article{Hinton-Bayre2015,
title = {Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion},
author = {Hinton-Bayre, A D},
doi = {10.1017/BrImp.2015.14},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Impairment},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
pages = {80--89},
abstract = {Objective: Obtaining baseline neuropsychological (NP) data to assist management of sports-related concussion has been considered the standard of care. The validity of this approach has been questioned, with suggestions that post-concussion testing alone will suffice. The present study compared the sensitivity of baseline and normative paradigms in the setting of sports-related concussion. Method: Baseline NP data were collected for 194 Australian rugby league athletes on a brief battery of paper-and-pencil NP tests. During competition, 27 athletes sustaining concussion referred from a sports physician were retested within two days of injury. Twenty-six uninjured controls were assessed at similar intervals. The baseline paradigm was assessed using a reliable change index for pre- and post-concussion scores. The normative paradigm was assessed comparing the post-concussion score to a normative mean. Results: The baseline paradigm was consistently more sensitive to negative change following concussion than the normative paradigm when using continuous data, despite reasonable agreement. However, when data were categorised as 'impaired' or 'not-impaired', using either 68% or 90% confidence intervals, the difference between paradigms failed to reach significance. Comparison of ROC curves for both paradigms found superior overall classification for one test and the composite score using baseline comparison data. Conclusions: Despite being a time and resource intensive process, the baseline paradigm as a repeated-measures design may be more sensitive than the between-subjects design of the normative paradigm for detecting changes following concussion. Further work is required to determine the validity of normative assessment in sports-related concussion. Copyright © Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Montenigro, P H; Baugh, C M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Budson, A E; Au, R; Katz, D I; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 5-8, 2014.
@article{Montenigro2014,
title = {Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome},
author = {Montenigro, P H and Baugh, C M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Budson, A E and Au, R and Katz, D I and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908410645\&partnerID=40\&md5=bab59baeecd5adb22d0f84a4ce99bd5c},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {5-8},
abstract = {The long-term consequences of repetitive head impacts have been described since the early 20th century. Terms such as punch drunk and dementia pugilistica were first used to describe the clinical syndromes experienced by boxers. A more generic designation, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been employed since the mid-1900s and has been used in recent years to describe a neurodegenerative disease found not just in boxers but in American football players, other contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others with histories of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. This article reviews the literature of the clinical manifestations of CTE from 202 published cases. The clinical features include impairments in mood (for example, depression and hopelessness), behavior (for example, explosivity and violence), cognition (for example, impaired memory, executive functioning, attention, and dementia), and, less commonly, motor functioning (for example, parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria). We present proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes (TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant, TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of 'probable CTE' and 'possible CTE'. These proposed criteria are expected to be modified and updated as new research findings become available. They are not meant to be used for a clinical diagnosis. Rather, they should be viewed as research criteria that can be employed in studies of the underlying causes, risk factors, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CTE and related disorders. © 2014 Montenigro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Jordan, B D
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae Journal Article
In: CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology, vol. 20, pp. 1588–1604, 2014.
@article{Jordan2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae},
author = {Jordan, B D},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84927562326\&partnerID=40\&md5=da8cab7e63cee5fa58ae148fa7de9dec},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology},
volume = {20},
pages = {1588--1604},
abstract = {Purpose of Review: Growing public health concern exists over the incidence of chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) in athletes participating in contact sports. Chronic TBI represents a spectrum of disorders associated with long-term consequences of single or repetitive TBI and includes chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologists should be familiar with the different types of chronic TBI and their diagnostic criteria. Recent Findings: CTE is the most severe chronic TBI and represents the neurologic consequences of repetitive mild TBI. It is particularly noted among boxers and football players. CTE presents with behavioral, cognitive, and motor symptoms, and can only be definitively diagnosed postmortem. Chronic postconcussion syndrome is defined as postconcussion symptoms that last longer than 1 year and do not appear to resolve; it may develop after a single concussive event. Chronic neurocognitive impairment is an all-encompassing clinical term denoting long-term neurologic sequelae secondary to sports-related trauma and can present either within the postconcussion syndrome or years after a symptom-free interval. Summary: This article discusses the diagnostic evaluation of chronic TBI, including clinical history, neurologic examination, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and laboratory testing, as well as the distinctions between CTE, chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologic impairment among athletes exposed to repetitive brain injury appears to be a real phenomenon. Because CTE has no established treatment, prevention is of paramount importance for athletes participating in contact sports. © 2014, American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
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