Koerte, I K; Hufschmidt, J; Muehlmann, M; Tripodis, Y; Stamm, J M; Pasternak, O; Giwerc, M Y; Coleman, M J; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Heinen, F; Lin, A; Stern, R A; Shenton, M E
Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Symptomatic Former Professional Football Players Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 346–353, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Football/in [Injuries], *Septum Pellucidum/pa [Pathology], adult, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Brain Concussion/ep [Epidemiology], Humans, Male, middle aged
@article{Koerte2016,
title = {Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Symptomatic Former Professional Football Players},
author = {Koerte, I K and Hufschmidt, J and Muehlmann, M and Tripodis, Y and Stamm, J M and Pasternak, O and Giwerc, M Y and Coleman, M J and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Heinen, F and Lin, A and Stern, R A and Shenton, M E},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {4},
pages = {346--353},
abstract = {Post-mortem studies reveal a high rate of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). It remains, however, to be determined whether or not the presence of CSP may be a potential in vivo imaging marker in populations at high risk to develop CTE. The aim of this study was to evaluate CSP in former professional American football players presenting with cognitive and behavioral symptoms compared with noncontact sports athletes. Seventy-two symptomatic former professional football players (mean age 54.53 years, standard deviation [SD] 7.97) as well as 14 former professional noncontact sports athletes (mean age 57.14 years, SD 7.35) underwent high-resolution structural 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Two raters independently evaluated the CSP, and interrater reliability was calculated. Within National Football League players, an association of CSP measures with cognitive and behavioral functioning was evaluated using a multivariate mixed effects model. The measurements of the two raters were highly correlated (CSP length: rho = 0.98; Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] 0.99; p \< 0.0001; septum length: rho = 0.93; ICC 0.96; p \< 0.0001). For presence versus absence of CSP, there was high agreement (Cohen kappa = 0.83, p \< 0.0001). A higher rate of CSP, a greater length of CSP, as well as a greater ratio of CSP length to septum length was found in symptomatic former professional football players compared with athlete controls. In addition, a greater length of CSP was associated with decreased performance on a list learning task (Neuropsychological Assessment Battery List A Immediate Recall},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Football/in [Injuries], *Septum Pellucidum/pa [Pathology], adult, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Brain Concussion/ep [Epidemiology], Humans, Male, middle aged},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stewart, W; McNamara, P H; Lawlor, B; Hutchinson, S; Farrell, M
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union? Journal Article
In: Qjm, vol. 109, no. 1, pp. 11–15, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Football/in [Injuries], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pp [Physiopathology], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, middle aged, neurologic examination
@article{Stewart2016,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union?},
author = {Stewart, W and McNamara, P H and Lawlor, B and Hutchinson, S and Farrell, M},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Qjm},
volume = {109},
number = {1},
pages = {11--15},
abstract = {The association between exposure to head injury and increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, specifically chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), is widely recognized. Historically, this was largely considered a phenomenon restricted to boxers, with more recent case series identifying further 'high risk' individuals, such as former American footballers, or military personnel. However, in all cases thus far reported, it is clear that it is the exposure to head injury which is associated with increased dementia risk, and not the circumstances or environment of exposure. As such, there is considerable potential for under-recognition of CTE in patients presenting with neurodegenerative disease, particularly where head injury exposure might have been historical and through sport. This article reviews current understanding of CTE and, via an illustrative case in rugby union, highlights the value of a detailed history on head injury and also draws attention to imaging studies in assessing patients with neurodegenerative disease. Copyright © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Football/in [Injuries], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pp [Physiopathology], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, middle aged, neurologic examination},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Calcagnile, O; Anell, A; Unden, J
The addition of S100B to guidelines for management of mild head injury is potentially cost saving Journal Article
In: BMC Neurology, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 200, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/bl [Blood], *Brain Concussion/ec [Economics], *Cost Savings, *Practice Guidelines as Topic, *S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit/bl [Blo, 0 (Biomarkers), 0 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, SWEDEN, Young Adult
@article{Calcagnile2016,
title = {The addition of S100B to guidelines for management of mild head injury is potentially cost saving},
author = {Calcagnile, O and Anell, A and Unden, J},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {BMC Neurology},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {200},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with substantial costs due to over-triage of patients to computed tomography (CT) scanning, despite validated decision rules. Serum biomarker S100B has shown promise for safely omitting CT scans but the economic impact from clinical use has never been reported. In 2007, S100B was adapted into the existing Scandinavian management guidelines in Halmstad, Sweden, in an attempt to reduce CT scans and save costs. METHODS: Consecutive adult patients with mild TBI (GCS 14-15, loss of consciousness and/or amnesia), managed with the aid of S100B, were prospectively included in this study. Patients were followed up after 3 months with a standardized questionnaire. Theoretical and actual cost differences were calculated. RESULTS: Seven hundred twenty-six patients were included and 29 (4.7 %) showed traumatic abnormalities on CT. No further significant intracranial complications were discovered on follow-up. Two hundred twenty-nine patients (27 %) had normal S100B levels and 497 patients (73 %) showed elevated S100B levels. Over-triage occurred in 73 patients (32 %) and under-triage occurred in 39 patients (7 %). No significant intracranial complications were missed. The introduction of S100B could save 71 per patient if guidelines were strictly followed. As compliance to the guidelines was not perfect, the actual cost saving was 39 per patient. CONCLUSION: Adding S100B to existing guidelines for mild TBI seems to reduce CT usage and costs, especially if guideline compliance could be increased.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/bl [Blood], *Brain Concussion/ec [Economics], *Cost Savings, *Practice Guidelines as Topic, *S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit/bl [Blo, 0 (Biomarkers), 0 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, SWEDEN, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
King, J B; Lopez-Larson, M P; Yurgelun-Todd, D A
Mean cortical curvature reflects cytoarchitecture restructuring in mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: NeuroImage Clinical, vol. 11, pp. 81–89, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Adolescent, adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pa [Pathology], Stress Disorders, veterans, Young Adult
@article{King2016a,
title = {Mean cortical curvature reflects cytoarchitecture restructuring in mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {King, J B and Lopez-Larson, M P and Yurgelun-Todd, D A},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {NeuroImage Clinical},
volume = {11},
pages = {81--89},
abstract = {In the United States alone, the number of persons living with the enduring consequences of traumatic brain injuries is estimated to be between 3.2 and 5 million. This number does not include individuals serving in the United States military or seeking care at Veterans Affairs hospitals. The importance of understanding the neurobiological consequences of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has increased with the return of veterans from conflicts overseas, many of who have suffered this type of brain injury. However, identifying the neuroanatomical regions most affected by mTBI continues to prove challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the use of mean cortical curvature as a potential indicator of progressive tissue loss in a cross-sectional sample of 54 veterans with mTBI compared to 31 controls evaluated with MRI. It was hypothesized that mean cortical curvature would be increased in veterans with mTBI, relative to controls, due in part to cortical restructuring related to tissue volume loss. Mean cortical curvature was assessed in 60 bilateral regions (31 sulcal, 29 gyral). Of the 120 regions investigated, nearly 50% demonstrated significantly increased mean cortical curvature in mTBI relative to controls with 25% remaining significant following multiple comparison correction (all, pFDR \< .05). These differences were most prominent in deep gray matter regions of the cortex. Additionally, significant relationships were found between mean cortical curvature and gray and white matter volumes (all, p \< .05). These findings suggest potentially unique patterns of atrophy by region and indicate that changes in brain microstructure due to mTBI are sensitive to measures of mean curvature.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Adolescent, adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pa [Pathology], Stress Disorders, veterans, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Puvenna, V; Engeler, M; Banjara, M; Brennan, C; Schreiber, P; Dadas, A; Bahrami, A; Solanki, J; Bandyopadhyay, A; Morris, J K; Bernick, C; Ghosh, C; Rapp, E; Bazarian, J J; Janigro, D
Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosphorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1630, pp. 225–240, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injury, *Brain/me [Metabolism], *Epilepsy/me [Metabolism], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Brain Injury, Brain/pa [Pathology], Brain/su [Surgery], Child, Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, Epilepsy/pa [Pathology], Epilepsy/su [Surgery], Female, human), Humans, immunohistochemistry, Infant, Male, middle aged, Phosphorylation, Preschool, Young Adult
@article{Puvenna2016,
title = {Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosphorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy},
author = {Puvenna, V and Engeler, M and Banjara, M and Brennan, C and Schreiber, P and Dadas, A and Bahrami, A and Solanki, J and Bandyopadhyay, A and Morris, J K and Bernick, C and Ghosh, C and Rapp, E and Bazarian, J J and Janigro, D},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1630},
pages = {225--240},
abstract = {Repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI) is one of the major risk factors for the abnormal deposition of phosphorylated tau (PT) in the brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) affect the limbic system, but no comparative studies on PT distribution in TLE and CTE are available. It is also unclear whether PT pathology results from repeated head hits (rTBI). These gaps prevent a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical significance of PT, limiting our ability to develop preventative and therapeutic interventions. We quantified PT in TLE and CTE to unveil whether a history of rTBI is a prerequisite for PT accumulation in the brain. Six postmortem CTE (mean 73.3 years) and age matched control samples were compared to 19 surgically resected TLE brain specimens (4 months-58 years; mean 27.6 years). No history of TBI was present in TLE or control; all CTE patients had a history of rTBI. TLE and CTE brain displayed increased levels of PT as revealed by immunohistochemistry. No age-dependent changes were noted, as PT was present as early as 4 months after birth. In TLE and CTE, cortical neurons, perivascular regions around penetrating pial vessels and meninges were immunopositive for PT; white matter tracts also displayed robust expression of extracellular PT organized in bundles parallel to venules. Microscopically, there were extensive tau-immunoreactive neuronal, astrocytic and degenerating neurites throughout the brain. In CTE perivascular tangles were most prominent. Overall, significant differences in staining intensities were found between CTE and control (P\<0.01) but not between CTE and TLE (P=0.08). pS199 tau analysis showed that CTE had the most high molecular weight tangle-associated tau, whereas epileptic brain contained low molecular weight tau. Tau deposition may not be specific to rTBI since TLE recapitulated most of the pathological features of CTE. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Brain Injury, *Brain/me [Metabolism], *Epilepsy/me [Metabolism], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Brain Injury, Brain/pa [Pathology], Brain/su [Surgery], Child, Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, Epilepsy/pa [Pathology], Epilepsy/su [Surgery], Female, human), Humans, immunohistochemistry, Infant, Male, middle aged, Phosphorylation, Preschool, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sung, C W; Chen, K Y; Chiang, Y H; Chiu, W T; Ou, J C; Lee, H C; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Yang, C M; Tsai, Y R; Liao, K H; Chen, G S; Li, W J; Wang, J Y
Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 127, no. 2, pp. 1629–1638, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Anxiety/bl [Blood], *Brain Injuries/bl [Blood], *Depression/bl [Blood], *Heart Rate/ph [Physiology], *Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/me [Metabolism], 0 (Biomarkers), 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I), adult, Affective Symptoms/bl [Blood], Affective Symptoms/di [Diagnosis], Affective Symptoms/px [Psychology], Anxiety/di [Diagnosis], Anxiety/px [Psychology], Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Depression/di [Diagnosis], Depression/px [Psychology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/bl [Blood], Mood Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Young Adult
@article{Sung2016,
title = {Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {Sung, C W and Chen, K Y and Chiang, Y H and Chiu, W T and Ou, J C and Lee, H C and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Yang, C M and Tsai, Y R and Liao, K H and Chen, G S and Li, W J and Wang, J Y},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Neurophysiology},
volume = {127},
number = {2},
pages = {1629--1638},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Patients who have experienced a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are susceptible to symptoms of anxiety or depression. To explore the potential biomarkers for emotional disorders in mTBI patients, we analyzed the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV) and serum concentrations of four neurohormones. METHODS: We assessed mTBI patients on their first visit and follow-up. Symptoms were evaluated by the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melatonin, cortisol, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and HRV follow-ups were measured and compared. RESULTS: mTBI patients were more vulnerable to symptoms of anxiety or depression than healthy controls. Reduced HRV was noted in mTBI patients compared to healthy controls. The mTBI patients demonstrated higher serum levels of ACTH, lower IGF-1 compared to healthy controls. In correlation analysis, only IGF-1 was positively correlated with HRV in mTBI patients. Both HRV and IGF-1 were correlated with symptom of depression while only HRV was correlated with symptom of anxiety in mTBI patients. CONCLUSIONS: We infer that HRV may be more significantly correlated with emotional disorders than is IGF-1 in mTBI patients. SIGNIFICANCE: The study is relevant for specific diagnostic markers in mTBI patients.Copyright © 2015 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Anxiety/bl [Blood], *Brain Injuries/bl [Blood], *Depression/bl [Blood], *Heart Rate/ph [Physiology], *Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/me [Metabolism], 0 (Biomarkers), 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I), adult, Affective Symptoms/bl [Blood], Affective Symptoms/di [Diagnosis], Affective Symptoms/px [Psychology], Anxiety/di [Diagnosis], Anxiety/px [Psychology], Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Depression/di [Diagnosis], Depression/px [Psychology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/bl [Blood], Mood Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Subbian, V; Ratcliff, J J; Korfhagen, J J; Hart, K W; Meunier, J M; Shaw, G J; Lindsell, C J; Beyette Jr., F R
A Novel Tool for Evaluation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Department: Does Robotic Assessment of Neuromotor Performance Following Injury Predict the Presence of Postconcussion Symptoms at Follow-up? Journal Article
In: Academic Emergency Medicine, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 382–392, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Emergency Service, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/et [Etiology], *Robotics/mt [Methods], adult, Closed/co [Complications], Diagnostic Techniques, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Head Injuries, Hospital/og [Organization & Ad, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neurological, Observer Variation, Sensitivity and Specificity, Urban Population, Young Adult
@article{Subbian2016,
title = {A Novel Tool for Evaluation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Department: Does Robotic Assessment of Neuromotor Performance Following Injury Predict the Presence of Postconcussion Symptoms at Follow-up?},
author = {Subbian, V and Ratcliff, J J and Korfhagen, J J and Hart, K W and Meunier, J M and Shaw, G J and Lindsell, C J and {Beyette Jr.}, F R},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Academic Emergency Medicine},
volume = {23},
number = {4},
pages = {382--392},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Postconcussion symptoms (PCS) are a common complication of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, there is no validated clinically available method to reliably predict at the time of injury who will subsequently develop PCS. The purpose of this study was to determine if PCS following mild TBI can be predicted during the initial presentation to an emergency department (ED) using a novel robotic-assisted assessment of neurologic function. METHODS: All patients presenting to an urban ED with a chief complaint of head injury within the preceding 24 hours were screened for inclusion from March 2013 to April 2014. The enrollment criteria were as follows: 1) age of 18 years or greater, 2) ability and willingness to provide written informed consent, 3) blunt head trauma and clinical diagnosis of isolated mild TBI by the treating physician, and 4) blood alcohol level of \<100 mg/dL. Eligible mild TBI patients were enrolled and their neuromotor function was assessed in the ED using a battery of five tests that cover a range of proprioceptive, visuomotor, visuospatial, and executive function performance metrics. At 3 weeks postinjury, participants were contacted via telephone to complete the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire to assess the presence of significant PCS. RESULTS: A total of 66 mild TBI patients were enrolled in the study with 42 of them completing both the ED assessment and the follow-up; 40 patients were included in the analyses. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the entire test battery was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54 to 0.90). The AUC for tests that primarily measure visuomotor and proprioceptive performance were 0.80 (95% CI = 0.65 to 0.95) and 0.71 (95% CI = 0.53 to 0.89), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The robotic-assisted test battery has the ability to discriminate between subjects who developed PCS and those who did not. Additionally, poor visuomotor and proprioceptive performance were most strongly associated with subsequent PCS.Copyright © 2016 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Emergency Service, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/et [Etiology], *Robotics/mt [Methods], adult, Closed/co [Complications], Diagnostic Techniques, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Head Injuries, Hospital/og [Organization \& Ad, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neurological, Observer Variation, Sensitivity and Specificity, Urban Population, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lau, K M; Madden, E; Neylan, T C; Seal, K H; Maguen, S
Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 287–294, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs
@article{Lau2016a,
title = {Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors},
author = {Lau, K M and Madden, E and Neylan, T C and Seal, K H and Maguen, S},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {287--294},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury severity markers and neurological symptoms associated with clinician-confirmed mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centre and five affiliated community-based outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and fifty Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with positive initial VA TBI screens between 1 April 2007 and 1 June 2010 and clinician-confirmed TBI status by 1 December 2010. METHODS: Retrospective-cohort study of medical record data. Main measures included clinician-confirmed TBI status, injury severity markers (e.g. loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or confusion/disorientation) and neurological symptoms. RESULTS: Among veterans who screened positive on the initial VA TBI and then received a clinician evaluation, 60% were confirmed to have a TBI diagnosis. Veterans reporting at least one LOC, confusion or PTA were almost 18-times more likely to receive a confirmed TBI diagnosis. Odds of clinician-confirmed TBI were 2.5-3-times greater among those who endorsed dizziness, poor coordination, headaches, nausea, vision problems and/or irritability, compared to those not endorsing these symptoms. Nausea had greatest utility for confirming a TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of neurologic symptoms that most contribute to a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of TBI has potential for streamlining detection of TBI and symptoms needed for treatment.},
keywords = {*Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hoffer, M E; Szczupak, M; Kiderman, A; Crawford, J; Murphy, S; Marshall, K; Pelusso, C; Balaban, C
Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. e0146039, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult
@article{Hoffer2016,
title = {Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Hoffer, M E and Szczupak, M and Kiderman, A and Crawford, J and Murphy, S and Marshall, K and Pelusso, C and Balaban, C},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {e0146039},
abstract = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prominent public health issue. To date, subjective symptom complaints primarily dictate diagnostic and treatment approaches. As such, the description and qualification of these symptoms in the mTBI patient population is of great value. This manuscript describes the symptoms of mTBI patients as compared to controls in a larger study designed to examine the use of vestibular testing to diagnose mTBI. Five symptom clusters were identified: Post-Traumatic Headache/Migraine, Nausea, Emotional/Affective, Fatigue/Malaise, and Dizziness/Mild Cognitive Impairment. Our analysis indicates that individuals with mTBI have headache, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction far out of proportion to those without mTBI. In addition, sleep disorders and emotional issues were significantly more common amongst mTBI patients than non-injured individuals. A simple set of questions inquiring about dizziness, headache, and cognitive issues may provide diagnostic accuracy. The consideration of other symptoms may be critical for providing prognostic value and treatment for best short-term outcomes or prevention of long-term complications.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
van der Horn, H J; Liemburg, E J; Scheenen, M E; de Koning, M E; Marsman, J B; Spikman, J M; van der Naalt, J
Brain network dysregulation, emotion, and complaints after mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Human Brain Mapping, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1645–1654, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Emotions, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *Nerve Net/pp [Physiopathology], Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Emotions/ph [Physiology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Prospective Studies, Young Adult
@article{VanderHorn2016,
title = {Brain network dysregulation, emotion, and complaints after mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {van der Horn, H J and Liemburg, E J and Scheenen, M E and de Koning, M E and Marsman, J B and Spikman, J M and van der Naalt, J},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Human Brain Mapping},
volume = {37},
number = {4},
pages = {1645--1654},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To assess the role of brain networks in emotion regulation and post-traumatic complaints in the sub-acute phase after non-complicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Fifty-four patients with mTBI (34 with and 20 without complaints) and 20 healthy controls (group-matched for age, sex, education, and handedness) were included. Resting-state fMRI was performed at four weeks post-injury. Static and dynamic functional connectivity were studied within and between the default mode, executive (frontoparietal and bilateral frontal network), and salience network. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). PRINCIPAL OBSERVATIONS: Regarding within-network functional connectivity, none of the selected brain networks were different between groups. Regarding between-network interactions, patients with complaints exhibited lower functional connectivity between the bilateral frontal and salience network compared to patients without complaints. In the total patient group, higher HADS-D scores were related to lower functional connectivity between the bilateral frontal network and both the right frontoparietal and salience network, and to higher connectivity between the right frontoparietal and salience network. Furthermore, whereas higher HADS-D scores were associated with lower connectivity within the parietal midline areas of the bilateral frontal network, higher HADS-A scores were related to lower connectivity within medial prefrontal areas of the bilateral frontal network. CONCLUSIONS: Functional interactions of the executive and salience networks were related to emotion regulation and complaints after mTBI, with a key role for the bilateral frontal network. These findings may have implications for future studies on the effect of psychological interventions.Copyright © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Emotions, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *Nerve Net/pp [Physiopathology], Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Emotions/ph [Physiology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Prospective Studies, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bailie, J M; Kennedy, J E; French, L M; Marshall, K; Prokhorenko, O; Asmussen, S; Reid, M W; Qashu, F; Brickell, T A; Lange, R T
Profile Analysis of the Neurobehavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms Following Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Subtypes Journal Article
In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Military Personnel, Abbreviated Injury Scale, Adolescent, adult, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cluster Analysis, Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Cognition Disorders/px [Psychology], FACTOR analysis, Headache/et [Etiology], Headache/px [Psychology], Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/et [Etiology], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/et [Etiology], Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Statistical, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, Warfare, Young Adult
@article{Bailie2016,
title = {Profile Analysis of the Neurobehavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms Following Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Subtypes},
author = {Bailie, J M and Kennedy, J E and French, L M and Marshall, K and Prokhorenko, O and Asmussen, S and Reid, M W and Qashu, F and Brickell, T A and Lange, R T},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
volume = {31},
number = {1},
pages = {2--12},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore the taxonomy of combat-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) based on symptom patterns. PARTICIPANTS: Up to 1341 military personnel who experienced a combat-related mTBI within 2 years of evaluation. MEASURES: Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed the following 4 subtypes: primarily psychiatric (posttraumatic stress disorder) group, a cognitive group, a mixed symptom group, and a good recovery group. The posttraumatic stress disorder cluster (21.9% of the sample) reported symptoms related to hyperarousal and dissociation/depression with few complaints related to cognition or headaches. The cognitive group (21.5% of the sample) had primarily cognitive and headache complaints with few mood symptoms. The mixed profile cluster included 18.6% of the sample and was characterized by a combination of mood complaints (hyperarousal and dissociation/depression), cognitive complaints, and headaches. The largest cluster (37.8% of the sample) had an overall low symptom profile and was labeled the "good recovery" group. CONCLUSIONS: The results support a unique taxonomy for combat-related mTBI. The clinical differences among these subtypes indicate a need for unique treatment resources and programs.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Military Personnel, Abbreviated Injury Scale, Adolescent, adult, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cluster Analysis, Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Cognition Disorders/px [Psychology], FACTOR analysis, Headache/et [Etiology], Headache/px [Psychology], Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/et [Etiology], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/et [Etiology], Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Statistical, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, Warfare, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stern, R A; Tripodis, Y; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Martin, B M; Chaisson, C; Cantu, R C; Joyce, J A; Shah, S; Ikezu, T; Zhang, J; Gercel-Taylor, C; Taylor, D D
Preliminary Study of Plasma Exosomal Tau as a Potential Biomarker for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1099–1109, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/bl [Blood], *Extracellular Vesicles/me [Metabolism], *Plasma/cy [Cytology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (tau Proteins), adult, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged
@article{Stern2016,
title = {Preliminary Study of Plasma Exosomal Tau as a Potential Biomarker for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy},
author = {Stern, R A and Tripodis, Y and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Martin, B M and Chaisson, C and Cantu, R C and Joyce, J A and Shah, S and Ikezu, T and Zhang, J and Gercel-Taylor, C and Taylor, D D},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease},
volume = {51},
number = {4},
pages = {1099--1109},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a tauopathy associated with prior exposure to repetitive head impacts, such as those incurred through American football and other collision sports. Diagnosis is made through neuropathological examination. Many of the clinical features of CTE are common in the general population, with and without a history of head impact exposure, making clinical diagnosis difficult. As is now common in the diagnosis of other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, there is a need for methods to diagnose CTE during life through objective biomarkers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine tau-positive exosomes in plasma as a potential CTE biomarker. METHODS: Subjects were 78 former National Football League (NFL) players and 16 controls. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from plasma. Fluorescent nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to determine the number of vesicles staining positive for tau. RESULTS: The NFL group had higher exosomal tau than the control group (p \< 0.0001). Exosomal tau discriminated between the groups, with 82% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 53% negative predictive value. Within the NFL group, higher exosomal tau was associated with worse performance on tests of memory (p = 0.0126) and psychomotor speed (p = 0.0093). CONCLUSION: These preliminary findings suggest that exosomal tau in plasma may be an accurate, noninvasive CTE biomarker.},
keywords = {*Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/bl [Blood], *Extracellular Vesicles/me [Metabolism], *Plasma/cy [Cytology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (tau Proteins), adult, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Leung, A; Shukla, S; Fallah, A; Song, D; Lin, L; Golshan, S; Tsai, A; Jak, A; Polston, G; Lee, R
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Managing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Headaches Journal Article
In: Neuromodulation, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 133–141, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Headache/et [Etiology], *Headache/th [Therapy], *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/mt [Methods], adult, aged, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuronavigation, Neuropsychological Tests, treatment outcome
@article{Leung2016,
title = {Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Managing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Headaches},
author = {Leung, A and Shukla, S and Fallah, A and Song, D and Lin, L and Golshan, S and Tsai, A and Jak, A and Polston, G and Lee, R},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neuromodulation},
volume = {19},
number = {2},
pages = {133--141},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Headache is one of the most common debilitating chronic pain conditions in either active or retired military personnel with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). This study assessed the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in alleviating MTBI-related headache (MTBI-HA). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Veterans with MTBI-HA were randomized to receive either real rTMS (REAL group) at 10 hz for a total of 2000 pulses divided into 20 trains with one-sec inter-train interval or sham rTMS (SHAM group) at the left motor cortex (LMC) with brain magnetic resonance imaging neuronavigation guidance. Pretreatment, posttreatment one-week and four-week headache and neuropsychological assessments were conducted. RESULT: Thirty veterans were screened and twenty four (21 men and 3 women with average year-old +/- SD at 14.3 +/- 12.6) subjects' data were analyzed. A two-factor (visit x treatment) repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) indicated a close to significant (p = 0.06) trend of interaction between pretreatment and posttreatment one-week assessment with the intensity of the persistent daily headache decreasing from 5.7 +/- 1.9 to 2.2 +/- 2.7 and 4.6 +/- 1.3 to 3.5 +/- 2.0 for the REAL and SHAM groups, respectively. Subsequent analyses indicated REAL group demonstrated a significantly (p = 0.041) higher % of reduction in persistent headache intensity than the SHAM group (56.3 +/- 48.2% vs.15.4 +/- 43.6%) at the posttreatment one-week assessment and the trend continued to the four-week assessment. Overall, a significantly (p = 0.035) higher percentage of the subjects in the REAL group (58.3%) demonstrated at least a 50% headache intensity reduction at posttreatment one-week assessment compared with the SHAM group (16.6%). The overall composite score of functionally debilitating headache exacerbation is significantly (p = 0.017) reduced in REAL group at the posttreatment four-week assessment in comparison with the SHAM group. No major sustained change in neuropsychological assessments was noted. CONCLUSION: The studied rTMS protocol appears to be a clinically feasible and effective treatment option in managing MTBI-HA.Copyright © 2015 International Neuromodulation Society.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Headache/et [Etiology], *Headache/th [Therapy], *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/mt [Methods], adult, aged, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuronavigation, Neuropsychological Tests, treatment outcome},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stergiou-Kita, M; Mansfield, E; Sokoloff, S; Colantonio, A
Gender Influences on Return to Work After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, vol. 97, no. 2 Suppl, pp. S40–5, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/rh [Rehabilitation], *Return to Work/px [Psychology], *Sex Factors, adult, aged, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/px [Psychology], Qualitative Research, Rehabilitation, Social Environment, Vocational/px [Psychology], Workplace/px [Psychology], Young Adult
@article{Stergiou-Kita2016,
title = {Gender Influences on Return to Work After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Stergiou-Kita, M and Mansfield, E and Sokoloff, S and Colantonio, A},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation},
volume = {97},
number = {2 Suppl},
pages = {S40--5},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of gender on the return to work experience of workers who sustained a work-related mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Qualitative study using in-depth telephone interviews. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Participants were adults (N=12; males},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/rh [Rehabilitation], *Return to Work/px [Psychology], *Sex Factors, adult, aged, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/px [Psychology], Qualitative Research, Rehabilitation, Social Environment, Vocational/px [Psychology], Workplace/px [Psychology], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Waldron-Perrine, B; Tree, H A; Spencer, R J; Suhr, J; Bieliauskas, L
Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1051–1055, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], *Information Dissemination, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/px [Psychology], adult, Female, Health Communication, Humans, Language, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Stress Disorders, Veterans/px [Psychology], Young Adult
@article{Waldron-Perrine2015,
title = {Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study},
author = {Waldron-Perrine, B and Tree, H A and Spencer, R J and Suhr, J and Bieliauskas, L},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1051--1055},
abstract = {PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Many Veterans involved in recent OEF/OIF conflicts return with reports of having experienced an mTBI. The Veteran's Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) have gone to great lengths to provide information to Veterans regarding possible effects of TBI. Although well intended, this information may possibly have an iatrogenic effect. Conversely, setting positive expectations for recovery from mTBI has been shown to result in decreased symptomatology. RESEARCH DESIGN: One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analyses were used to determine whether there were significant differences on reported severity and number of PCS symptoms (NSI) among the three experimental groups (recovery focused information; expectation for persistent symptoms; and no information given). METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Undergraduate students, who were told to imagine they had experienced a military-related TBI, reported varying levels of expected symptoms when given either positive or negative information about symptom expectation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The results indicate that presenting recovery-oriented literature resulted in the lowest report of expected symptoms, whereas presenting no information resulted in the highest report of expected symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Providing Veterans with information regarding a likely positive trajectory of recovery may result in less symptom persistence during rehabilitation.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], *Information Dissemination, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/px [Psychology], adult, Female, Health Communication, Humans, Language, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Stress Disorders, Veterans/px [Psychology], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Zottoli, T M; Hoover, S; Barr, W B
In: Clinical Neuropsychologist, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 678–688, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: brain concussion, Civil Litigation, Female, human, Humans, IME, Insufficient effort, legislation and jurisprudence, Male, malingering, Malpractice, middle aged, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, neuropsychology, Physical Examination, questionnaire, Standardized assessment of concussion (SAC), statistics and numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires
@article{Zottoli2015,
title = {Utility of the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) to Detect Insufficient Effort in Independent Medical Examinations and Civil Litigation Cases},
author = {Zottoli, T M and Hoover, S and Barr, W B},
doi = {10.1080/13854046.2015.1062562},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Neuropsychologist},
volume = {29},
number = {5},
pages = {678--688},
abstract = {Objective: The Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) is a standardized mental status screening instrument initially developed for assessment and tracking of concussion symptoms in athletes. The purpose of the current study was to validate the utility of the SAC as an embedded screening measure for insufficient effort in independent medical examinations (IME) and personal injury cases. Method: A known-groups design was used to examine the SACs utility for the detection of insufficient effort in 75 de-identified private IME and civil litigation evaluations. Initial classifications of insufficient effort were made independently of SAC scores, on the basis of having two or more scores falling below established cut-offs on previously validated neuropsychological measures. Results: Results suggest that the total score on the SAC significantly distinguishes effortful respondents from those exhibiting insufficient effort. Empirically derived cut-off scores yielded adequate sensitivity (.62-.95) and negative predictive power (.93-.97). Conclusions: While optimal cut-off scores depend upon intended use, our data suggest that the SAC is useful as a potential screener for insufficient effort, after which one can employ additional measures to rule out false-positives. Further research is required before cut-off scores can be recommended for clinical use. © 2015 Taylor and Francis.},
keywords = {brain concussion, Civil Litigation, Female, human, Humans, IME, Insufficient effort, legislation and jurisprudence, Male, malingering, Malpractice, middle aged, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, neuropsychology, Physical Examination, questionnaire, Standardized assessment of concussion (SAC), statistics and numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gouttebarge, V; Ooms, W; Tummers, T; Inklaar, H
Mortality in international professional football (soccer): a descriptive study Journal Article
In: Journal of Sports Medicine & Physical Fitness, vol. 55, no. 11, pp. 1376–1382, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], *Death, *Soccer, adult, Cardiac/ep [Epidemiology], Cause of Death/td [Trends], Humans, Male, middle aged, Netherlands/ep [Epidemiology], Prospective Studies, Sudden
@article{Gouttebarge2015,
title = {Mortality in international professional football (soccer): a descriptive study},
author = {Gouttebarge, V and Ooms, W and Tummers, T and Inklaar, H},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Sports Medicine \& Physical Fitness},
volume = {55},
number = {11},
pages = {1376--1382},
abstract = {The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of mortalities from 2007 to 2013 in active (during career) and recently retired (post career) professional footballers. An observational prospective study was conducted. From 2007, the World Footballers' Union (FIFPro) and its related national footballers' unions (more than 70 countries distributed across all continents) collected descriptive data (football-related, cause, etc.) on mortality of active (during career) and recently retired (postcareer before reaching 45 years of age) professional footballers by means of several official sources. A total of 214 deaths were recorded among active and recently retired professional footballers, leading to an overall mortality rate of 0.47 per 1000 footballers per year. Of the 214 deaths, 183 were recorded among active players and 31 among recently retired players. Among the active players, 17% of the fatalities were related to football participation. Disease was the leading cause of death among professional footballers (55%), of which up to 33% accounted for suspected cardiac pathology. Accidents accounted for 25% of the overall deaths, and suicide for 11%. From 2007 to 2013, 214 deaths were recorded among active (during career) and recently retired (post career) professional footballers. Leading cause of death was disease (55%), one third of which were accounted for by suspected cardiac pathology, while accidents accounted for 25% of all deaths, and suicide for 11%. Attention to the predictive validity and application of heart-related precompetition medical assessment should be given, and mental health support should be developed and implemented both during and after a professional football career to prevent potential suicidal behaviors.},
keywords = {*Athletes/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], *Death, *Soccer, adult, Cardiac/ep [Epidemiology], Cause of Death/td [Trends], Humans, Male, middle aged, Netherlands/ep [Epidemiology], Prospective Studies, Sudden},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Barrio, J R; Small, G W; Wong, K P; Huang, S C; Liu, J; Merrill, D A; Giza, C C; Fitzsimmons, R P; Omalu, B; Bailes, J; Kepe, V
In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging.[Erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 2;112(22):E2981; PMID: 25964344] Journal Article
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 112, no. 16, pp. E2039–47, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Brain/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], *Nitriles, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0 (2-(1-(6-((2-fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino)-2-naphth, 0 (Nitriles), 80 and over, adult, aged, Alzheimer Disease/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Amygdala/mi [Microbiology], Amygdala/pa [Pathology], autopsy, Case-Control Studies, Chronic/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Demography, Humans, Male, Mesencephalon/mi [Microbiology], Mesencephalon/pa [Pathology], middle aged
@article{Barrio2015,
title = {In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging.[Erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 2;112(22):E2981; PMID: 25964344]},
author = {Barrio, J R and Small, G W and Wong, K P and Huang, S C and Liu, J and Merrill, D A and Giza, C C and Fitzsimmons, R P and Omalu, B and Bailes, J and Kepe, V},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {112},
number = {16},
pages = {E2039--47},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is an acquired primary tauopathy with a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and motor symptoms linked to cumulative brain damage sustained from single, episodic, or repetitive traumatic brain injury (TBI). No definitive clinical diagnosis for this condition exists. In this work, we used [F-18]FDDNP PET to detect brain patterns of neuropathology distribution in retired professional American football players with suspected CTE (n = 14) and compared results with those of cognitively intact controls (n = 28) and patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) (n = 24), a disease that has been cognitively associated with CTE. [F-18]FDDNP PET imaging results in the retired players suggested the presence of neuropathological patterns consistent with models of concussion wherein brainstem white matter tracts undergo early axonal damage and cumulative axonal injuries along subcortical, limbic, and cortical brain circuitries supporting mood, emotions, and behavior. This deposition pattern is distinctively different from the progressive pattern of neuropathology [paired helical filament (PHF)-tau and amyloid-beta] in AD, which typically begins in the medial temporal lobe progressing along the cortical default mode network, with no or minimal involvement of subcortical structures. This particular [F-18]FDDNP PET imaging pattern in cases of suspected CTE also is primarily consistent with PHF-tau distribution observed at autopsy in subjects with a history of mild TBI and autopsy-confirmed diagnosis of CTE.},
keywords = {*Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Brain/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], *Nitriles, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0 (2-(1-(6-((2-fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino)-2-naphth, 0 (Nitriles), 80 and over, adult, aged, Alzheimer Disease/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Amygdala/mi [Microbiology], Amygdala/pa [Pathology], autopsy, Case-Control Studies, Chronic/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Demography, Humans, Male, Mesencephalon/mi [Microbiology], Mesencephalon/pa [Pathology], middle aged},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brewster, R; Bi, W L; Smith, T R; Gormley, W B; Dunn, I F; Laws Jr., E R
The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 39, no. 1, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy
@article{Brewster2015,
title = {The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet},
author = {Brewster, R and Bi, W L and Smith, T R and Gormley, W B and Dunn, I F and {Laws Jr.}, E R},
doi = {10.3171/2015.3.FOCUS1552},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
abstract = {Baseball maintains one of the highest impact injury rates in all athletics. A principal causative factor is the "beanball," referring to a pitch thrown directly at a batter's head. Frequent morbidities elicited demand for the development of protective gear development in the 20th century. In this setting, Dr. Walter Dandy was commissioned to design a "protective cap" in 1941. His invention became widely adopted by professional baseball and inspired subsequent generations of batting helmets. As a baseball aficionado since his youth, Walter Dandy identified a natural partnership between baseball and medical practice for the reduction of beaning-related brain injuries. This history further supports the unique position of neurosurgeons to leverage clinical insights, inform innovation, and expand service to society. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Monaco 3rd, E A; Tempel, Z
Concussion related to white matter abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in aging athletes Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. N10–1, 2015.
BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *White Matter/pa [Pathology], aging, Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Humans, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests
@article{Monaco3rd2015,
title = {Concussion related to white matter abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in aging athletes},
author = {{Monaco 3rd}, E A and Tempel, Z},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {76},
number = {4},
pages = {N10--1},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *White Matter/pa [Pathology], aging, Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Humans, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dretsch, M N; Kelly, M P; Coldren, R L; Parish, R V; Russell, M L
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 32, no. 16, pp. 1217–1222, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2003-2011, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, amnesia, ANAM, Article, assessment of humans, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics, Blast injuries, blast injury, blunt trauma, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, Cognition Disorders, cognitive screening, comparative study, complication, concussion mechanism, Demography, deployment, Female, follow up, health status, human, Humans, Iraq War, Male, middle aged, Military, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, Military personnel, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, soldier, unconsciousness, UNITED States, War, Young Adult
@article{Dretsch2015a,
title = {No Significant Acute and Subacute Differences between Blast and Blunt Concussions across Multiple Neurocognitive Measures and Symptoms in Deployed Soldiers},
author = {Dretsch, M N and Kelly, M P and Coldren, R L and Parish, R V and Russell, M L},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2014.3637},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {32},
number = {16},
pages = {1217--1222},
abstract = {Seventy-one deployed U.S. Army soldiers who presented for concussion care due to either blast or blunt mechanisms within 72 h of injury were assessed using the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM), traditional neuropsychological tests, and health status questionnaires. Follow-up ANAM testing was performed 10 d after initial testing (±5 d). Twenty-one soldiers were excluded: two for poor effort and 19 who had combined blast/blunt injuries. Of the remaining 50 male participants, 34 had blast injuries and 16 had blunt injuries. There were no statistically significant differences between blast injury and blunt injury participants in demographic, physical, or psychological health factors, concussive symptoms, or automated and traditional neurocognitive testing scores within 72 h post-injury. In addition, follow-up ANAM scores up to 15 d post-injury were not significantly different (available on 21 blast-injured and 13 blunt-injured subjects). Pre-injury baseline ANAM scores were compared where available, and revealed no statistically significant differences between 22 blast injury and eight blunt injury participants. These findings suggest there are no significant differences between mechanisms of injury during both the acute and subacute periods in neurobehavioral concussion sequelae while deployed in a combat environment. The current study supports the use of sports/mechanical concussion models for early concussion management in the deployed setting and exploration of variability in potential long-term outcomes. © Copyright 2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
keywords = {2003-2011, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, amnesia, ANAM, Article, assessment of humans, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics, Blast injuries, blast injury, blunt trauma, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, Cognition Disorders, cognitive screening, comparative study, complication, concussion mechanism, Demography, deployment, Female, follow up, health status, human, Humans, Iraq War, Male, middle aged, Military, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, Military personnel, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, soldier, unconsciousness, UNITED States, War, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mendez, M F; Paholpak, P; Lin, A; Zhang, J Y; Teng, E
Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Versus Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Journal Article
In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 985–993, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Alzheimer Disease/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Age of Onset, Alzheimer Disease/co [Complications], Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prevalence, Risk Factors, United States/ep [Epidemiology]
@article{Mendez2015,
title = {Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Versus Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease},
author = {Mendez, M F and Paholpak, P and Lin, A and Zhang, J Y and Teng, E},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease},
volume = {47},
number = {4},
pages = {985--993},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most established environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it is unclear if TBI is specifically associated with early-onset AD (EOAD). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between TBI and EOAD (\<65 years). METHODS: We identified 1,449 EOAD, 4,337 late-onset AD (LOAD), and corresponding EOAD-matched and LOAD-matched normal controls (NC) in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform (NACC) database and compared the prevalence of any history of TBI as well as measures of cognition, function, behavior, and neuropathology. For validation, we determined TBI prevalence among 115 well-characterized clinic patients with EOAD. RESULTS: Part A: The prevalence of any TBI in the NACC-database EOAD participants (13.3%) was comparable to that observed in the clinic EOAD patients (13.9%) but significantly higher than in the NACC-database LOAD participants (7.7% ; p \< 0.0001) and trended to higher compared to EOAD-matched NC (11.1% ; logistic regression p = 0.053). Part B: When we compared EOAD patients with documented non-acute and non-residually impairing TBI to EOAD without a documented history of prior TBI, those with TBI had significantly more disinhibition. Part C: Autopsies did not reveal differences in AD neuropathology based on a history of TBI. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest, but do not establish, that TBI is a specific risk factor for EOAD and may lead to disinhibition, a feature that often results from the frontal effects of head injury. This study recommends further research on the effects of TBI in EOAD in larger numbers of participants.},
keywords = {*Alzheimer Disease/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Age of Onset, Alzheimer Disease/co [Complications], Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prevalence, Risk Factors, United States/ep [Epidemiology]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mayer, A R; Ling, J M; Dodd, A B; Gasparovic, C; Klimaj, S D; Meier, T B
A Longitudinal Assessment of Structural and Chemical Alterations in Mixed Martial Arts Fighters Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 32, no. 22, pp. 1759–1767, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Article, biological marker, Biomarkers, BRAIN chemistry, brain concussion, brain cortex, brain size, Cerebral Cortex, CHOLINE, clinical article, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, cortical thickness (brain), creatine, executive function, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, frontal gyrus, glutamic acid, glutamine, human, Humans, Injuries, inositol, Longitudinal, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, martial art, Martial Arts, Memory, middle aged, mixed martial art, n acetylaspartic acid, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, occipital cortex, pathology, posterior cingulate, psychology, repetitive injury, Spectroscopy, volumetrics, white matter, Young Adult
@article{Mayer2015b,
title = {A Longitudinal Assessment of Structural and Chemical Alterations in Mixed Martial Arts Fighters},
author = {Mayer, A R and Ling, J M and Dodd, A B and Gasparovic, C and Klimaj, S D and Meier, T B},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2014.3833},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {32},
number = {22},
pages = {1759--1767},
abstract = {Growing evidence suggests that temporally proximal acute concussions and repetitive subconcussive head injuries may lead to long-term neurological deficits. However, the underlying mechanisms of injury and their relative time-scales are not well documented in human injury models. The current study therefore investigated whether biomarkers of brain chemistry (magnetic resonance [MR] spectroscopy: N-acetylaspartate [NAA], combined glutamate and glutamine [Glx], total creatine [Cre], choline compounds [Cho], and myo-inositol [mI]) and structure (cortical thickness, white matter [WM]/subcortical volume) differed between mixed martial artists (MMA; n = 13) and matched healthy controls (HC) without a history of contact sport participation (HC; n = 14). A subset of participants (MMA = 9; HC = 10) returned for follow-up visits, with MMA (n = 3) with clinician-documented acute concussions also scanned serially. As expected, MMA self-reported a higher incidence of previous concussions and significantly more cognitive symptoms during prior concussion recovery. Fighters also exhibited reduced memory and processing speed relative to controls on neuropsychological testing coupled with cortical thinning in the left posterior cingulate gyrus and right occipital cortex at baseline assessment. Over a 1-year follow-up period, MMA experienced a significant decrease in both WM volume and NAA concentration, as well as relative thinning in the left middle and superior frontal gyri. These longitudinal changes did not correlate with self-reported metrics of injury (i.e., fight diary). In contrast, HC did not exhibit significant longitudinal changes over a 4-month follow-up period (p \> 0.05). Collectively, current results provide preliminary evidence of progressive changes in brain chemistry and structure over a relatively short time period in individuals with high exposure to repetitive head hits. These findings require replication in independent samples. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2015.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Article, biological marker, Biomarkers, BRAIN chemistry, brain concussion, brain cortex, brain size, Cerebral Cortex, CHOLINE, clinical article, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, cortical thickness (brain), creatine, executive function, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, frontal gyrus, glutamic acid, glutamine, human, Humans, Injuries, inositol, Longitudinal, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, martial art, Martial Arts, Memory, middle aged, mixed martial art, n acetylaspartic acid, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, occipital cortex, pathology, posterior cingulate, psychology, repetitive injury, Spectroscopy, volumetrics, white matter, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stein, T D; Montenigro, P H; Alvarez, V E; Xia, W; Crary, J F; Tripodis, Y; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Solomon, T; Meng, G; Kubilus, C A; Cormier, K A; Meng, S; Babcock, K; Kiernan, P; Murphy, L; Nowinski, C J; Martin, B; Dixon, D; Stern, R A; Cantu, R C; Kowall, N W; McKee, A C
Beta-amyloid deposition in chronic traumatic encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 130, no. 1, pp. 21–34, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Amyloid beta-Peptides/me [Metabolism], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pa [Pathology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides), 0 (Apolipoprotein E4), 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, adult, Age Factors, aged, Amyloid/et [Etiology], Amyloid/me [Metabolism], Amyloid/pa [Pathology], Apolipoprotein E4/ge [Genetics], Athletes, Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Athletic Injuries/ge [Genetics], Athletic Injuries/me [Metabolism], Athletic Injuries/pa [Pathology], Brain Injury, Brain/me [Metabolism], Chronic/ep [Epidemiology], Chronic/ge [Genetics], Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Cohort Studies, comorbidity, human), Humans, middle aged, Neurodegenerative Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Neurodegenerative Diseases/ge [Genetics], Neurodegenerative Diseases/me [Metabolism], Plaque, SEVERITY of illness index, veterans, War-Related Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], War-Related Injuries/ge [Genetics], War-Related Injuries/me [Metabolism], War-Related Injuries/pa [Pathology]
@article{Stein2015b,
title = {Beta-amyloid deposition in chronic traumatic encephalopathy},
author = {Stein, T D and Montenigro, P H and Alvarez, V E and Xia, W and Crary, J F and Tripodis, Y and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Solomon, T and Meng, G and Kubilus, C A and Cormier, K A and Meng, S and Babcock, K and Kiernan, P and Murphy, L and Nowinski, C J and Martin, B and Dixon, D and Stern, R A and Cantu, R C and Kowall, N W and McKee, A C},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Acta Neuropathologica},
volume = {130},
number = {1},
pages = {21--34},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. It is defined pathologically by the abnormal accumulation of tau in a unique pattern that is distinct from other tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although trauma has been suggested to increase amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) levels, the extent of Abeta deposition in CTE has not been thoroughly characterized. We studied a heterogeneous cohort of deceased athletes and military veterans with neuropathologically diagnosed CTE (n = 114, mean age at death = 60) to test the hypothesis that Abeta deposition is altered in CTE and associated with more severe pathology and worse clinical outcomes. We found that Abeta deposition, either as diffuse or neuritic plaques, was present in 52 % of CTE subjects. Moreover, Abeta deposition in CTE occurred at an accelerated rate and with altered dynamics in CTE compared to a normal aging population (OR = 3.8, p \< 0.001). We also found a clear pathological and clinical dichotomy between those CTE cases with Abeta plaques and those without. Abeta deposition was significantly associated with the presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele (p = 0.035), older age at symptom onset (p \< 0.001), and older age at death (p \< 0.001). In addition, when controlling for age, neuritic plaques were significantly associated with increased CTE tauopathy stage (beta = 2.43},
keywords = {*Amyloid beta-Peptides/me [Metabolism], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pa [Pathology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides), 0 (Apolipoprotein E4), 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, adult, Age Factors, aged, Amyloid/et [Etiology], Amyloid/me [Metabolism], Amyloid/pa [Pathology], Apolipoprotein E4/ge [Genetics], Athletes, Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Athletic Injuries/ge [Genetics], Athletic Injuries/me [Metabolism], Athletic Injuries/pa [Pathology], Brain Injury, Brain/me [Metabolism], Chronic/ep [Epidemiology], Chronic/ge [Genetics], Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Cohort Studies, comorbidity, human), Humans, middle aged, Neurodegenerative Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Neurodegenerative Diseases/ge [Genetics], Neurodegenerative Diseases/me [Metabolism], Plaque, SEVERITY of illness index, veterans, War-Related Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], War-Related Injuries/ge [Genetics], War-Related Injuries/me [Metabolism], War-Related Injuries/pa [Pathology]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stone Jr., M E; Safadjou, S; Farber, B; Velazco, N; Man, J; Reddy, S H; Todor, R; Teperman, S
Utility of the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation as a screening tool for mild traumatic brain injury in a civilian trauma population Journal Article
In: Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 147–151, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, aged, Alcoholic Intoxication, amnesia, Article, assessment of humans, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion screening, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), controlled study, DATA analysis, Demography, diagnostic test accuracy study, Dizziness, emergency health service, Female, Head, headache, hospital admission, human, Humans, injury severity, irritability, major clinical study, Male, middle aged, mild traumatic brain injury, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, military medicine, nausea and vomiting, predictive value, priority journal, quality control, receiver operating characteristic, ROC Curve, screening test, Sensitivity and Specificity, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness, Urban Population, visual disorder, Young Adult
@article{StoneJr.2015,
title = {Utility of the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation as a screening tool for mild traumatic brain injury in a civilian trauma population},
author = {{Stone Jr.}, M E and Safadjou, S and Farber, B and Velazco, N and Man, J and Reddy, S H and Todor, R and Teperman, S},
doi = {10.1097/TA.0000000000000679},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery},
volume = {79},
number = {1},
pages = {147--151},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) constitutes 75% of more than 1.5 million traumatic brain injuries annually. There exists no consensus on point-of-care screening for mTBI. The Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) is a quick and easy test used by the US Army to screen for mTBI; however, its utility in civilian trauma is unclear. It has two parts: a history section and the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) score (0-30) previously validated in sports injury. As a performance improvement project, our institution sought to evaluate the MACE as a concussion screening tool that could be used by housestaff in a general civilian trauma population. METHODS: From June 2013 to May 2014, patients 18 years to 65 years old with suspected concussion were given the MACE within 72 hours of admission to our urban Level I trauma center. Patients with a positive head computed tomography were excluded. Demographic data and MACE scores were recorded in prospect. Concussion was defined as loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia; concussed patients were compared with those nonconcussed. Sensitivity and specificity for each respective MACE score were used to plot a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. An ROC curve area of 0.8 was set as the benchmark for a good screening test to distinguish concussion from nonconcussion. RESULTS: There were 84 concussions and 30 nonconcussed patients. Both groups were similar; however, the concussion group had a lower mean MACE score than the nonconcussed patients. Data analysis demonstrated the sensitivity and specificity of a range of MACE scores used to generate an ROC curve area of only 0.65. CONCLUSION: The MACE showed a lower mean score for individuals with concussion, defined by loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia. However, the ROC curve area of 0.65 highly suggests that MACE alone would be a poor screening test for mTBI in a general civilian trauma population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic study, level II. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, aged, Alcoholic Intoxication, amnesia, Article, assessment of humans, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion screening, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), controlled study, DATA analysis, Demography, diagnostic test accuracy study, Dizziness, emergency health service, Female, Head, headache, hospital admission, human, Humans, injury severity, irritability, major clinical study, Male, middle aged, mild traumatic brain injury, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, military medicine, nausea and vomiting, predictive value, priority journal, quality control, receiver operating characteristic, ROC Curve, screening test, Sensitivity and Specificity, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness, Urban Population, visual disorder, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mitsis, E M; Riggio, S; Kostakoglu, L; Dickstein, D L; Machac, J; Delman, B; Goldstein, M; Jennings, D; D'Antonio, E; Martin, J; Naidich, T P; Aloysi, A; Fernandez, C; Seibyl, J; DeKosky, S T; Elder, G A; Marek, K; Gordon, W; Hof, P R; Sano, M; Gandy, S
In: Translational Psychiatry, vol. 4, no. 9, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, amyloid plaque, arachnoid cyst, Article, case report, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy florbetapir f 18, Concussion, diagnostic accuracy, eye movement, football, frontotemporal dementia, head injury, human, injury severity, ligand binding, Male, memory disorder, middle aged, molecular imaging, motor dysfunction, muscle tone, personality disorder, positron emission tomography, short term memory, subdural hematoma, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury
@article{Mitsis2014,
title = {Tauopathy PET and amyloid PET in the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathies: Studies of a retired NFL player and of a man with FTD and a severe head injury},
author = {Mitsis, E M and Riggio, S and Kostakoglu, L and Dickstein, D L and Machac, J and Delman, B and Goldstein, M and Jennings, D and D'Antonio, E and Martin, J and Naidich, T P and Aloysi, A and Fernandez, C and Seibyl, J and DeKosky, S T and Elder, G A and Marek, K and Gordon, W and Hof, P R and Sano, M and Gandy, S},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84918535750\&partnerID=40\&md5=704b918a7429432cbd631e703c44eb63},
doi = {10.1038/tp.2014.91},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Translational Psychiatry},
volume = {4},
number = {9},
abstract = {Single, severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) which elevates CNS amyloid, increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD); while repetitive concussive and subconcussive events as observed in athletes and military personnel, may increase the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). We describe two clinical cases, one with a history of multiple concussions during a career in the National Football League (NFL) and the second with frontotemporal dementia and a single, severe TBI. Both patients presented with cognitive decline and underwent [18F]-Florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for amyloid plaques; the retired NFL player also underwent [18F]-T807 PET imaging, a new ligand binding to tau, the main constituent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Case 1, the former NFL player, was 71 years old when he presented with memory impairment and a clinical profile highly similar to AD. [18F]-Florbetapir PET imaging was negative, essentially excluding AD as a diagnosis. CTE was suspected clinically, and [18F]-T807 PET imaging revealed striatal and nigral [18F]-T807 retention consistent with the presence of tauopathy. Case 2 was a 56- year-old man with personality changes and cognitive decline who had sustained a fall complicated by a subdural hematoma. At 1 year post injury, [18F]-Florbetapir PET imaging was negative for an AD pattern of amyloid accumulation in this subject. Focal [18F]- Florbetapir retention was noted at the site of impact. In case 1, amyloid imaging provided improved diagnostic accuracy where standard clinical and laboratory criteria were inadequate. In that same case, tau imaging with [18F]-T807 revealed a subcortical tauopathy that we interpret as a novel form of CTE with a distribution of tauopathy that mimics, to some extent, that of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), despite a clinical presentation of amnesia without any movement disorder complaints or signs. A key distinguishing feature is that our patient presented with hippocampal involvement, which is more frequently seen in CTE than in PSP. In case 2, focal [18F]-Florbetapir retention at the site of injury in an otherwise negative scan suggests focal amyloid aggregation. In each of these complex cases, a combination of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose, [18F]-Florbetapir and/or [18F]-T807 PET molecular imaging improved the accuracy of diagnosis and prevented inappropriate interventions. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited.},
keywords = {adult, aged, amyloid plaque, arachnoid cyst, Article, case report, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy florbetapir f 18, Concussion, diagnostic accuracy, eye movement, football, frontotemporal dementia, head injury, human, injury severity, ligand binding, Male, memory disorder, middle aged, molecular imaging, motor dysfunction, muscle tone, personality disorder, positron emission tomography, short term memory, subdural hematoma, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vent, J; Koenig, J; Hellmich, M; Huettenbrink, K B; Damm, M
Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1320, pp. 1–6, 2010.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult
@article{Vent2010,
title = {Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis},
author = {Vent, J and Koenig, J and Hellmich, M and Huettenbrink, K B and Damm, M},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1320},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Recently, interest in the health of boxers has been raised by a petition of the British Medical Association to restrict boxing. However, scientific data on permanent damage are rare and typical localisations of injuries were yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in the sense of smell in people undergoing recurrent head traumas. The hypothesis to be tested was if boxers had a reduced olfactory function. We used a matched pairs analysis design. Fifty healthy, male athletes underwent subjective olfactometry using Sniffin'Sticks testing (including threshold, discrimination and identification, TDI). Nasal endoscopy was performed and a thorough, questionnaire-based history was obtained. These data were correlated with normative data from healthy subjects. Statistical analysis was based on matched pairs analysis by t-tests, i.e. boxers and healthy (non-boxing) subjects. Boxers showed a mean TDI score of 32.5 compared to 35.1 of non-boxing controls (p=0.003). The olfactory threshold (p\<0.001) and odour identification (p\<0.05) were significantly decreased in boxers; whereas odour discrimination was unaffected. Performance of odour identification showed a correlation with cushioning of the gloves (p\<0.05), and thus seems a protective measure regarding the sense of smell. Boxing seems to affect olfactory function, particularly by reducing the olfactory threshold. Furthermore, cushioning of the gloves can be protective and should be increased to safeguard sportsmen from physical damage. Boxing can serve as a model for central regeneration after trauma. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Thornton, A E; Cox, D N; Whitfield, K; Fouladi, R T
Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 398–409, 2008.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{Thornton2008a,
title = {Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes},
author = {Thornton, A E and Cox, D N and Whitfield, K and Fouladi, R T},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {398--409},
abstract = {A total of 111 rugby players underwent comprehensive testing to determine the impact of self-reported concussion exposure. Reliable estimates of concussion exposure were associated with an increase in postconcussion symptoms (PCS), but not diminished neurocognitive functioning. Importantly, the effects of concussion exposure on PCS varied as a function of player status. More specifically, extent of concussion exposure was associated with increased memory complaints and overall PCS endorsements in a dose-dependent manner for retired and older recreational players, but not for those who were younger and playing at more competitive levels. Future work should systematically evaluate the constituent participant factors that may influence differential concussion outcomes.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chiu, W T; Huang, S J; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Tsai, M D; Lin, T J; Huang, W C
The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 930–935, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics & Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics & Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention & Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]
@article{Chiu2007,
title = {The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury},
author = {Chiu, W T and Huang, S J and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Tsai, M D and Lin, T J and Huang, W C},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
number = {10},
pages = {930--935},
abstract = {In 1991, a population-based epidemiologic traumatic brain injury (TBI) study was done in urban and rural areas of Taiwan; this was 5 years before the helmet use law was passed and 8 years before the drink driving law was passed. In order to evaluate the impact of three major determinants (time, geography, and legislation) on the epidemiology of TBI, we conducted a prospective study in 2001 and used the 1991 data to examine the differences in TBI distribution in urban and rural Taiwan a decade after these laws were passed. In 2001, 5754 TBI cases were collected from the urban area of Taipei City, and 1474 TBI cases were collected from the rural area of Hualien County. The TBI incidence rate in Taipei City in 2001 was estimated to be 218/100,000 population (285/100,000 for males and 152/100,000 for females). When compared to the 1991 data, the incidence rate in 2001 had increased by 20%. The TBI incidence rate in Hualien County in 2001 was estimated to be 417/100,000 population (516/100,000 for males and 306/100,000 for females); this was a 37% increase over the 1991 data. Our study found that the distribution of causes and age distribution had shifted significantly over the 10-year period. In 2001, the age group with the highest incidence was 20-29 years, while in 1991 it had been the over 70 years age group. While traffic-related TBI had decreased, falls and assaults had increased in 2001. We also found that legislation, such as the helmet law, affects TBI distribution by decreasing the traffic-related TBI rate, decreasing the admission severity of TBI, and reducing TBI-related mortality. Finally, geography plays a crucial role in the outcome of TBI; over the 10 year period, Taipei had an increase in moderately severe outcomes, while Hualien had an increase in more severe outcomes. Comparative studies of TBI in urban and rural areas have shown that time, legislation, and geography are crucial determinants of TBI epidemiology. Although time and legal interventions seem to have more of an impact, geography does affect TBI outcomes.},
keywords = {*Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics \& Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention \& Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
for Disease Control, Centers; Prevention,
Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries from sports and recreation activities--United States, 2001-2005 Journal Article
In: MMWR - Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 56, no. 29, pp. 733–737, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Adolescent, adult, Child, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Female, Humans, Incidence/Epidemiology, Infant, Male, middle aged, Population Surveillance, Preschool, recreation, United States/ep [Epidemiology]
@article{CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention2007,
title = {Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries from sports and recreation activities--United States, 2001-2005},
author = {{Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {MMWR - Morbidity \& Mortality Weekly Report},
volume = {56},
number = {29},
pages = {733--737},
abstract = {Each year in the United States, an estimated 38 million children and adolescents participate in organized sports, and approximately 170 million adults participate in some type of physical activity not related to work. The health benefits of these activities are tempered by the risk for injury, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). CDC estimates that 1.1 million persons with TBIs are treated and released from U.S. hospital emergency departments (EDs) each year, and an additional 235,000 are hospitalized for these injuries. TBIs can result in long-term, negative health effects (e.g., memory loss and behavioral changes). To characterize sports- and recreation-related (SR-related) TBIs among patients treated in U.S. hospital EDs, CDC analyzed data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System--All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) for the period 2001-2005. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that an estimated 207,830 patients with nonfatal SR-related TBIs were treated in EDs each year during this period. The highest rates of SR-related TBI ED visits for both males and females occurred among those aged 10-14 years. Increased awareness of TBI risks, prevention strategies, and the importance of timely identification and management is essential for reducing the incidence, severity, and long-term negative health effects of this type of injury.},
keywords = {*Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Adolescent, adult, Child, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Female, Humans, Incidence/Epidemiology, Infant, Male, middle aged, Population Surveillance, Preschool, recreation, United States/ep [Epidemiology]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Butcher, I; McHugh, G S; Lu, J; Steyerberg, E W; Hernandez, A V; Mushkudiani, N; Maas, A I; Marmarou, A; Murray, G D
Prognostic value of cause of injury in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 281–286, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/et [Etiology], Accidents, adult, Age Factors, Athletic Injuries/co [Complications], Athletic Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Databases, Factual, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, violence
@article{Butcher2007,
title = {Prognostic value of cause of injury in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study},
author = {Butcher, I and McHugh, G S and Lu, J and Steyerberg, E W and Hernandez, A V and Mushkudiani, N and Maas, A I and Marmarou, A and Murray, G D},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {24},
number = {2},
pages = {281--286},
abstract = {We aimed to describe and quantify the relationship between cause of injury and final outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Individual patient data (N = 8708) from eight therapeutic Phase III randomized clinical trials in moderate or severe TBI, and three TBI surveys were used to investigate the relationship between cause of injury and outcome, as assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 6 months. Proportional odds methodology was applied to quantify the strength of the association and expressed as an odds ratio in a meta-analysis. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed and associations with other predictive factors explored. In a univariate analysis, a strong association between the cause of injury and long-term outcome in moderate to severe TBI patients was observed, with consistent results across the studies. Road traffic accidents (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.60-0.73), assaults (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.52-0.84), and injuries sustained during sporting or recreational activities (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.71) were all associated with better outcomes than the reference category of falls. Falls were found to be associated with an older age and with a higher incidence of mass lesions. Following adjustment for age in the analysis, the relationship between cause of injury and outcome was lost.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/et [Etiology], Accidents, adult, Age Factors, Athletic Injuries/co [Complications], Athletic Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Databases, Factual, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, violence},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Falconer, E K; Geffen, G M; Olsen, S L; McFarland, K
The rapid screen of concussion: an evaluation of the non-word repetition test for use in mTBI research Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 1251–1263, 2006.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Mass Screening/mt [Methods], *Neuropsychological Tests, Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, middle aged, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Verbal Learning
@article{Falconer2006,
title = {The rapid screen of concussion: an evaluation of the non-word repetition test for use in mTBI research},
author = {Falconer, E K and Geffen, G M and Olsen, S L and McFarland, K},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {20},
number = {12},
pages = {1251--1263},
abstract = {PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: (1) To investigate the Nonword Repetition test (NWR) as an index of sub-vocal rehearsal deficits after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI); (2) to assess the reliability, validity and sensitivity of the NWR; and (3) to compare the NWR to more sensitive tests of verbal memory. RESEARCH DESIGN: An independent groups design. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Study 1 administered the NWR to 46 mTBI and 61 uninjured controls with the Rapid Screen of Concussion (RSC). Study 2 compared mTBI, orthopaedic and uninjured participants on the NWR and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R). MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The NWR did not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the RSC. However, it is reliable and indexes sub-vocal rehearsal speed. These findings provide evidence that although the current form of the NWR lacks sensitivity to the impact of mTBI, the development of a more sensitive test of sub-vocal rehearsal deficits following mTBI is warranted.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Mass Screening/mt [Methods], *Neuropsychological Tests, Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, middle aged, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Verbal Learning},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chetelat, G; Eustache, F; Viader, F; De La Sayette, V; Pelerin, A; Mezenge, F; Hannequin, D; Dupuy, B; Baron, J C; Desgranges, B
FDG-PET measurement is more accurate than neuropsychological assessments to predict global cognitive deterioration in patients with mild cognitive impairment Journal Article
In: Neurocase, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 14–25, 2005.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Cognition Disorders/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, *Neuropsychological Tests, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18), 80 and over, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Brain Concussion/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], BRAIN mapping, Cognition Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Dementia/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/pp [Physiopathology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Memory/ph [Physiology], Mental Status Schedule, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Regression (Psychology), Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors
@article{Chetelat2005,
title = {FDG-PET measurement is more accurate than neuropsychological assessments to predict global cognitive deterioration in patients with mild cognitive impairment},
author = {Chetelat, G and Eustache, F and Viader, F and {De La Sayette}, V and Pelerin, A and Mezenge, F and Hannequin, D and Dupuy, B and Baron, J C and Desgranges, B},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
journal = {Neurocase},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {14--25},
abstract = {The accurate prediction, at a pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), of the subsequent clinical evolution of patients would be a major breakthrough from both therapeutic and research standpoints. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is presently the most common reference to address the pre-dementia stage of AD. However, previous longitudinal studies on patients with MCI assessing neuropsychological and PET markers of future conversion to AD are sparse and yield discrepant findings, while a comprehensive comparison of the relative accuracy of these two categories of measure is still lacking. In the present study, we assessed the global cognitive decline as measured by the Mattis scale in 18 patients with amnestic MCI over an 18-month follow-up period, studying which subtest of this scale showed significant deterioration over time. Using baseline measurements from neuropsychological evaluation of memory and PET, we then assessed significant markers of global cognitive change, that is, percent annual change in the Mattis scale total score, and searched for the best predictor of this global cognitive decline. Altogether, our results revealed significant decline over the 18-month follow-up period in the total score and the verbal initiation and memory-recall subscores of the Mattis scale. The percent annual change in the total Mattis score significantly correlated with age and baseline performances in delayed episodic memory recall as well as semantic autobiographical and category word fluencies. Regarding functional imaging, significant correlations were also found with baseline PET values in the right temporo-parietal and medial frontal areas. Age and right temporo-parietal PET values were the most significant predictors of subsequent global cognitive decline, and the only ones to survive stepwise regression analyses. Our findings are consistent with previous works showing predominant delayed recall and semantic memory impairment at a pre-dementia stage of AD, as well as early metabolic defects in the temporo-parietal associative cortex. However, they suggest that only the latter predictor is specifically and accurately associated with subsequent cognitive decline in patients with MCI within 18 months of first assessment.},
keywords = {*Cognition Disorders/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, *Neuropsychological Tests, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18), 80 and over, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Brain Concussion/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], BRAIN mapping, Cognition Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Dementia/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/pp [Physiopathology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Memory/ph [Physiology], Mental Status Schedule, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Regression (Psychology), Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
De Monte, V E; Geffen, G M; May, C R; McFarland, K; Heath, P; Neralic, M
The acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury on finger tapping with and without word repetition Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 224–239, 2005.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Fingers/pp [Physiopathology], *Psychomotor Performance/ph [Physiology], *Verbal Learning/ph [Physiology], Adolescent, adult, Demography, Discrimination (Psychology)/ph [Physiology], Female, Fingers/ir [Innervation], Glasgow Coma Scale, Hand Deformities/pp [Physiopathology], Humans, Male, Mental Recall/ph [Physiology], middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests/sn [Statistics & Numerica, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex Factors, Task Performance and Analysis, Word Association Tests/sn [Statistics & Numerical
@article{DeMonte2005,
title = {The acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury on finger tapping with and without word repetition},
author = {{De Monte}, V E and Geffen, G M and May, C R and McFarland, K and Heath, P and Neralic, M},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {224--239},
abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) on the performance of a finger tapping and word repetition dual task in order to determine working memory impairment in mTBI. Sixty-four (50 male, 14 female) right-handed cases of mTBI and 26 (18 male and 8 female) right-handed cases of orthopaedic injuries were tested within 24 hours of injury. Patients with mTBI completed fewer correct taps in 10 seconds than patients with orthopaedic injuries, and female mTBI cases repeated fewer words. The size of the dual task decrement did not vary between groups. When added to a test battery including the Rapid Screen of Concussion (RSC; Comerford, Geffen, May, Medland \& Geffen, 2002) and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, finger tapping speed accounted for 1% of between groups variance and did not improve classification rates of male participants. While the addition of tapping rate did not improve the sensitivity and specificity of the RSC and DSST to mTBI in males, univariate analysis of motor performance in females indicated that dual task performance might be diagnostic. An increase in female sample size is warranted. These results confirm the view that there is a generalized slowing of processing ability following mTBI.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Fingers/pp [Physiopathology], *Psychomotor Performance/ph [Physiology], *Verbal Learning/ph [Physiology], Adolescent, adult, Demography, Discrimination (Psychology)/ph [Physiology], Female, Fingers/ir [Innervation], Glasgow Coma Scale, Hand Deformities/pp [Physiopathology], Humans, Male, Mental Recall/ph [Physiology], middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests/sn [Statistics \& Numerica, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex Factors, Task Performance and Analysis, Word Association Tests/sn [Statistics \& Numerical},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bigler, E D; Rosa, L; Schultz, F; Hall, S; Harris, J
Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Design performance in Alzheimer's disease and closed head injury.[Erratum appears in J Clin Psychol 1989 Nov;45(6):1013] Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 277–280, 1989.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], *Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], *Form Perception, *MEMORY, *Mental Recall, *Neurocognitive Disorders/px [Psychology], *Neuropsychological Tests, *Pattern Recognition, *Verbal Learning, 80 and over, adult, aged, attention, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Psychometrics, SPEECH perception, Visual
@article{Bigler1989,
title = {Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Design performance in Alzheimer's disease and closed head injury.[Erratum appears in J Clin Psychol 1989 Nov;45(6):1013]},
author = {Bigler, E D and Rosa, L and Schultz, F and Hall, S and Harris, J},
year = {1989},
date = {1989-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychology},
volume = {45},
number = {2},
pages = {277--280},
abstract = {Performance on the Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning (R-AVL) and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Design (R-O CFD) tests was examined in patients (N = 94) with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and closed head injury (CHI). On the R-AVL, DAT patients demonstrated considerably greater impairment than CHI patients, along with a flat learning/retention curve that showed negligible improvement with repeated trials, recency effects only, and an excessive number of word intrusions (confabulation) on the recognition trial. CHI patients demonstrated both a recency and primacy effect along with improvement over repeated trials (positive slope learning curve). Both groups demonstrated impairment R-O CFD recall; the DAT group again displayed substantially greater copying and recall deficits. Clinical guidelines are given for the use of the R-AVL and R-O CFD for these two patient populations.},
keywords = {*Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], *Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], *Form Perception, *MEMORY, *Mental Recall, *Neurocognitive Disorders/px [Psychology], *Neuropsychological Tests, *Pattern Recognition, *Verbal Learning, 80 and over, adult, aged, attention, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Psychometrics, SPEECH perception, Visual},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Heinrichs, R W; Celinski, M J
Frequency of occurrence of a WAIS dementia profile in male head trauma patients Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 187–190, 1987.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Dementia/di [Diagnosis], *Wechsler Scales, adult, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Cerebral Hemorrhage/di [Diagnosis], Humans, middle aged, Psychometrics
@article{Heinrichs1987,
title = {Frequency of occurrence of a WAIS dementia profile in male head trauma patients},
author = {Heinrichs, R W and Celinski, M J},
year = {1987},
date = {1987-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {187--190},
abstract = {This study investigated Fuld's (1983) contention that a WAIS dementia profile occurs infrequently in conditions other than Alzheimer's Disease. A sample of 50 male head trauma patients was examined for incidence of the profile. The WAIS profile occurred in five cases (10%) of the patients. This compares favourably with the figures reported for patients with multiple infarcts and is consistent with Fuld's position.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Dementia/di [Diagnosis], *Wechsler Scales, adult, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Cerebral Hemorrhage/di [Diagnosis], Humans, middle aged, Psychometrics},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Koerte, I K; Hufschmidt, J; Muehlmann, M; Tripodis, Y; Stamm, J M; Pasternak, O; Giwerc, M Y; Coleman, M J; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Heinen, F; Lin, A; Stern, R A; Shenton, M E
Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Symptomatic Former Professional Football Players Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 346–353, 2016.
@article{Koerte2016,
title = {Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Symptomatic Former Professional Football Players},
author = {Koerte, I K and Hufschmidt, J and Muehlmann, M and Tripodis, Y and Stamm, J M and Pasternak, O and Giwerc, M Y and Coleman, M J and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Heinen, F and Lin, A and Stern, R A and Shenton, M E},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {4},
pages = {346--353},
abstract = {Post-mortem studies reveal a high rate of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). It remains, however, to be determined whether or not the presence of CSP may be a potential in vivo imaging marker in populations at high risk to develop CTE. The aim of this study was to evaluate CSP in former professional American football players presenting with cognitive and behavioral symptoms compared with noncontact sports athletes. Seventy-two symptomatic former professional football players (mean age 54.53 years, standard deviation [SD] 7.97) as well as 14 former professional noncontact sports athletes (mean age 57.14 years, SD 7.35) underwent high-resolution structural 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Two raters independently evaluated the CSP, and interrater reliability was calculated. Within National Football League players, an association of CSP measures with cognitive and behavioral functioning was evaluated using a multivariate mixed effects model. The measurements of the two raters were highly correlated (CSP length: rho = 0.98; Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] 0.99; p \< 0.0001; septum length: rho = 0.93; ICC 0.96; p \< 0.0001). For presence versus absence of CSP, there was high agreement (Cohen kappa = 0.83, p \< 0.0001). A higher rate of CSP, a greater length of CSP, as well as a greater ratio of CSP length to septum length was found in symptomatic former professional football players compared with athlete controls. In addition, a greater length of CSP was associated with decreased performance on a list learning task (Neuropsychological Assessment Battery List A Immediate Recall},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stewart, W; McNamara, P H; Lawlor, B; Hutchinson, S; Farrell, M
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union? Journal Article
In: Qjm, vol. 109, no. 1, pp. 11–15, 2016.
@article{Stewart2016,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union?},
author = {Stewart, W and McNamara, P H and Lawlor, B and Hutchinson, S and Farrell, M},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Qjm},
volume = {109},
number = {1},
pages = {11--15},
abstract = {The association between exposure to head injury and increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, specifically chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), is widely recognized. Historically, this was largely considered a phenomenon restricted to boxers, with more recent case series identifying further 'high risk' individuals, such as former American footballers, or military personnel. However, in all cases thus far reported, it is clear that it is the exposure to head injury which is associated with increased dementia risk, and not the circumstances or environment of exposure. As such, there is considerable potential for under-recognition of CTE in patients presenting with neurodegenerative disease, particularly where head injury exposure might have been historical and through sport. This article reviews current understanding of CTE and, via an illustrative case in rugby union, highlights the value of a detailed history on head injury and also draws attention to imaging studies in assessing patients with neurodegenerative disease. Copyright © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Calcagnile, O; Anell, A; Unden, J
The addition of S100B to guidelines for management of mild head injury is potentially cost saving Journal Article
In: BMC Neurology, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 200, 2016.
@article{Calcagnile2016,
title = {The addition of S100B to guidelines for management of mild head injury is potentially cost saving},
author = {Calcagnile, O and Anell, A and Unden, J},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {BMC Neurology},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {200},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with substantial costs due to over-triage of patients to computed tomography (CT) scanning, despite validated decision rules. Serum biomarker S100B has shown promise for safely omitting CT scans but the economic impact from clinical use has never been reported. In 2007, S100B was adapted into the existing Scandinavian management guidelines in Halmstad, Sweden, in an attempt to reduce CT scans and save costs. METHODS: Consecutive adult patients with mild TBI (GCS 14-15, loss of consciousness and/or amnesia), managed with the aid of S100B, were prospectively included in this study. Patients were followed up after 3 months with a standardized questionnaire. Theoretical and actual cost differences were calculated. RESULTS: Seven hundred twenty-six patients were included and 29 (4.7 %) showed traumatic abnormalities on CT. No further significant intracranial complications were discovered on follow-up. Two hundred twenty-nine patients (27 %) had normal S100B levels and 497 patients (73 %) showed elevated S100B levels. Over-triage occurred in 73 patients (32 %) and under-triage occurred in 39 patients (7 %). No significant intracranial complications were missed. The introduction of S100B could save 71 per patient if guidelines were strictly followed. As compliance to the guidelines was not perfect, the actual cost saving was 39 per patient. CONCLUSION: Adding S100B to existing guidelines for mild TBI seems to reduce CT usage and costs, especially if guideline compliance could be increased.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
King, J B; Lopez-Larson, M P; Yurgelun-Todd, D A
Mean cortical curvature reflects cytoarchitecture restructuring in mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: NeuroImage Clinical, vol. 11, pp. 81–89, 2016.
@article{King2016a,
title = {Mean cortical curvature reflects cytoarchitecture restructuring in mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {King, J B and Lopez-Larson, M P and Yurgelun-Todd, D A},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {NeuroImage Clinical},
volume = {11},
pages = {81--89},
abstract = {In the United States alone, the number of persons living with the enduring consequences of traumatic brain injuries is estimated to be between 3.2 and 5 million. This number does not include individuals serving in the United States military or seeking care at Veterans Affairs hospitals. The importance of understanding the neurobiological consequences of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has increased with the return of veterans from conflicts overseas, many of who have suffered this type of brain injury. However, identifying the neuroanatomical regions most affected by mTBI continues to prove challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the use of mean cortical curvature as a potential indicator of progressive tissue loss in a cross-sectional sample of 54 veterans with mTBI compared to 31 controls evaluated with MRI. It was hypothesized that mean cortical curvature would be increased in veterans with mTBI, relative to controls, due in part to cortical restructuring related to tissue volume loss. Mean cortical curvature was assessed in 60 bilateral regions (31 sulcal, 29 gyral). Of the 120 regions investigated, nearly 50% demonstrated significantly increased mean cortical curvature in mTBI relative to controls with 25% remaining significant following multiple comparison correction (all, pFDR \< .05). These differences were most prominent in deep gray matter regions of the cortex. Additionally, significant relationships were found between mean cortical curvature and gray and white matter volumes (all, p \< .05). These findings suggest potentially unique patterns of atrophy by region and indicate that changes in brain microstructure due to mTBI are sensitive to measures of mean curvature.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Puvenna, V; Engeler, M; Banjara, M; Brennan, C; Schreiber, P; Dadas, A; Bahrami, A; Solanki, J; Bandyopadhyay, A; Morris, J K; Bernick, C; Ghosh, C; Rapp, E; Bazarian, J J; Janigro, D
Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosphorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1630, pp. 225–240, 2016.
@article{Puvenna2016,
title = {Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosphorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy},
author = {Puvenna, V and Engeler, M and Banjara, M and Brennan, C and Schreiber, P and Dadas, A and Bahrami, A and Solanki, J and Bandyopadhyay, A and Morris, J K and Bernick, C and Ghosh, C and Rapp, E and Bazarian, J J and Janigro, D},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1630},
pages = {225--240},
abstract = {Repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI) is one of the major risk factors for the abnormal deposition of phosphorylated tau (PT) in the brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) affect the limbic system, but no comparative studies on PT distribution in TLE and CTE are available. It is also unclear whether PT pathology results from repeated head hits (rTBI). These gaps prevent a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical significance of PT, limiting our ability to develop preventative and therapeutic interventions. We quantified PT in TLE and CTE to unveil whether a history of rTBI is a prerequisite for PT accumulation in the brain. Six postmortem CTE (mean 73.3 years) and age matched control samples were compared to 19 surgically resected TLE brain specimens (4 months-58 years; mean 27.6 years). No history of TBI was present in TLE or control; all CTE patients had a history of rTBI. TLE and CTE brain displayed increased levels of PT as revealed by immunohistochemistry. No age-dependent changes were noted, as PT was present as early as 4 months after birth. In TLE and CTE, cortical neurons, perivascular regions around penetrating pial vessels and meninges were immunopositive for PT; white matter tracts also displayed robust expression of extracellular PT organized in bundles parallel to venules. Microscopically, there were extensive tau-immunoreactive neuronal, astrocytic and degenerating neurites throughout the brain. In CTE perivascular tangles were most prominent. Overall, significant differences in staining intensities were found between CTE and control (P\<0.01) but not between CTE and TLE (P=0.08). pS199 tau analysis showed that CTE had the most high molecular weight tangle-associated tau, whereas epileptic brain contained low molecular weight tau. Tau deposition may not be specific to rTBI since TLE recapitulated most of the pathological features of CTE. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sung, C W; Chen, K Y; Chiang, Y H; Chiu, W T; Ou, J C; Lee, H C; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Yang, C M; Tsai, Y R; Liao, K H; Chen, G S; Li, W J; Wang, J Y
Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 127, no. 2, pp. 1629–1638, 2016.
@article{Sung2016,
title = {Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {Sung, C W and Chen, K Y and Chiang, Y H and Chiu, W T and Ou, J C and Lee, H C and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Yang, C M and Tsai, Y R and Liao, K H and Chen, G S and Li, W J and Wang, J Y},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Neurophysiology},
volume = {127},
number = {2},
pages = {1629--1638},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Patients who have experienced a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are susceptible to symptoms of anxiety or depression. To explore the potential biomarkers for emotional disorders in mTBI patients, we analyzed the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV) and serum concentrations of four neurohormones. METHODS: We assessed mTBI patients on their first visit and follow-up. Symptoms were evaluated by the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melatonin, cortisol, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and HRV follow-ups were measured and compared. RESULTS: mTBI patients were more vulnerable to symptoms of anxiety or depression than healthy controls. Reduced HRV was noted in mTBI patients compared to healthy controls. The mTBI patients demonstrated higher serum levels of ACTH, lower IGF-1 compared to healthy controls. In correlation analysis, only IGF-1 was positively correlated with HRV in mTBI patients. Both HRV and IGF-1 were correlated with symptom of depression while only HRV was correlated with symptom of anxiety in mTBI patients. CONCLUSIONS: We infer that HRV may be more significantly correlated with emotional disorders than is IGF-1 in mTBI patients. SIGNIFICANCE: The study is relevant for specific diagnostic markers in mTBI patients.Copyright © 2015 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Subbian, V; Ratcliff, J J; Korfhagen, J J; Hart, K W; Meunier, J M; Shaw, G J; Lindsell, C J; Beyette Jr., F R
A Novel Tool for Evaluation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Department: Does Robotic Assessment of Neuromotor Performance Following Injury Predict the Presence of Postconcussion Symptoms at Follow-up? Journal Article
In: Academic Emergency Medicine, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 382–392, 2016.
@article{Subbian2016,
title = {A Novel Tool for Evaluation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Department: Does Robotic Assessment of Neuromotor Performance Following Injury Predict the Presence of Postconcussion Symptoms at Follow-up?},
author = {Subbian, V and Ratcliff, J J and Korfhagen, J J and Hart, K W and Meunier, J M and Shaw, G J and Lindsell, C J and {Beyette Jr.}, F R},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Academic Emergency Medicine},
volume = {23},
number = {4},
pages = {382--392},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Postconcussion symptoms (PCS) are a common complication of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, there is no validated clinically available method to reliably predict at the time of injury who will subsequently develop PCS. The purpose of this study was to determine if PCS following mild TBI can be predicted during the initial presentation to an emergency department (ED) using a novel robotic-assisted assessment of neurologic function. METHODS: All patients presenting to an urban ED with a chief complaint of head injury within the preceding 24 hours were screened for inclusion from March 2013 to April 2014. The enrollment criteria were as follows: 1) age of 18 years or greater, 2) ability and willingness to provide written informed consent, 3) blunt head trauma and clinical diagnosis of isolated mild TBI by the treating physician, and 4) blood alcohol level of \<100 mg/dL. Eligible mild TBI patients were enrolled and their neuromotor function was assessed in the ED using a battery of five tests that cover a range of proprioceptive, visuomotor, visuospatial, and executive function performance metrics. At 3 weeks postinjury, participants were contacted via telephone to complete the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire to assess the presence of significant PCS. RESULTS: A total of 66 mild TBI patients were enrolled in the study with 42 of them completing both the ED assessment and the follow-up; 40 patients were included in the analyses. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the entire test battery was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54 to 0.90). The AUC for tests that primarily measure visuomotor and proprioceptive performance were 0.80 (95% CI = 0.65 to 0.95) and 0.71 (95% CI = 0.53 to 0.89), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The robotic-assisted test battery has the ability to discriminate between subjects who developed PCS and those who did not. Additionally, poor visuomotor and proprioceptive performance were most strongly associated with subsequent PCS.Copyright © 2016 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lau, K M; Madden, E; Neylan, T C; Seal, K H; Maguen, S
Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 287–294, 2016.
@article{Lau2016a,
title = {Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors},
author = {Lau, K M and Madden, E and Neylan, T C and Seal, K H and Maguen, S},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {287--294},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury severity markers and neurological symptoms associated with clinician-confirmed mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centre and five affiliated community-based outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and fifty Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with positive initial VA TBI screens between 1 April 2007 and 1 June 2010 and clinician-confirmed TBI status by 1 December 2010. METHODS: Retrospective-cohort study of medical record data. Main measures included clinician-confirmed TBI status, injury severity markers (e.g. loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or confusion/disorientation) and neurological symptoms. RESULTS: Among veterans who screened positive on the initial VA TBI and then received a clinician evaluation, 60% were confirmed to have a TBI diagnosis. Veterans reporting at least one LOC, confusion or PTA were almost 18-times more likely to receive a confirmed TBI diagnosis. Odds of clinician-confirmed TBI were 2.5-3-times greater among those who endorsed dizziness, poor coordination, headaches, nausea, vision problems and/or irritability, compared to those not endorsing these symptoms. Nausea had greatest utility for confirming a TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of neurologic symptoms that most contribute to a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of TBI has potential for streamlining detection of TBI and symptoms needed for treatment.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hoffer, M E; Szczupak, M; Kiderman, A; Crawford, J; Murphy, S; Marshall, K; Pelusso, C; Balaban, C
Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. e0146039, 2016.
@article{Hoffer2016,
title = {Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Hoffer, M E and Szczupak, M and Kiderman, A and Crawford, J and Murphy, S and Marshall, K and Pelusso, C and Balaban, C},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {e0146039},
abstract = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prominent public health issue. To date, subjective symptom complaints primarily dictate diagnostic and treatment approaches. As such, the description and qualification of these symptoms in the mTBI patient population is of great value. This manuscript describes the symptoms of mTBI patients as compared to controls in a larger study designed to examine the use of vestibular testing to diagnose mTBI. Five symptom clusters were identified: Post-Traumatic Headache/Migraine, Nausea, Emotional/Affective, Fatigue/Malaise, and Dizziness/Mild Cognitive Impairment. Our analysis indicates that individuals with mTBI have headache, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction far out of proportion to those without mTBI. In addition, sleep disorders and emotional issues were significantly more common amongst mTBI patients than non-injured individuals. A simple set of questions inquiring about dizziness, headache, and cognitive issues may provide diagnostic accuracy. The consideration of other symptoms may be critical for providing prognostic value and treatment for best short-term outcomes or prevention of long-term complications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
van der Horn, H J; Liemburg, E J; Scheenen, M E; de Koning, M E; Marsman, J B; Spikman, J M; van der Naalt, J
Brain network dysregulation, emotion, and complaints after mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Human Brain Mapping, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1645–1654, 2016.
@article{VanderHorn2016,
title = {Brain network dysregulation, emotion, and complaints after mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {van der Horn, H J and Liemburg, E J and Scheenen, M E and de Koning, M E and Marsman, J B and Spikman, J M and van der Naalt, J},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Human Brain Mapping},
volume = {37},
number = {4},
pages = {1645--1654},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To assess the role of brain networks in emotion regulation and post-traumatic complaints in the sub-acute phase after non-complicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Fifty-four patients with mTBI (34 with and 20 without complaints) and 20 healthy controls (group-matched for age, sex, education, and handedness) were included. Resting-state fMRI was performed at four weeks post-injury. Static and dynamic functional connectivity were studied within and between the default mode, executive (frontoparietal and bilateral frontal network), and salience network. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). PRINCIPAL OBSERVATIONS: Regarding within-network functional connectivity, none of the selected brain networks were different between groups. Regarding between-network interactions, patients with complaints exhibited lower functional connectivity between the bilateral frontal and salience network compared to patients without complaints. In the total patient group, higher HADS-D scores were related to lower functional connectivity between the bilateral frontal network and both the right frontoparietal and salience network, and to higher connectivity between the right frontoparietal and salience network. Furthermore, whereas higher HADS-D scores were associated with lower connectivity within the parietal midline areas of the bilateral frontal network, higher HADS-A scores were related to lower connectivity within medial prefrontal areas of the bilateral frontal network. CONCLUSIONS: Functional interactions of the executive and salience networks were related to emotion regulation and complaints after mTBI, with a key role for the bilateral frontal network. These findings may have implications for future studies on the effect of psychological interventions.Copyright © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bailie, J M; Kennedy, J E; French, L M; Marshall, K; Prokhorenko, O; Asmussen, S; Reid, M W; Qashu, F; Brickell, T A; Lange, R T
Profile Analysis of the Neurobehavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms Following Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Subtypes Journal Article
In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2016.
@article{Bailie2016,
title = {Profile Analysis of the Neurobehavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms Following Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Subtypes},
author = {Bailie, J M and Kennedy, J E and French, L M and Marshall, K and Prokhorenko, O and Asmussen, S and Reid, M W and Qashu, F and Brickell, T A and Lange, R T},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
volume = {31},
number = {1},
pages = {2--12},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore the taxonomy of combat-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) based on symptom patterns. PARTICIPANTS: Up to 1341 military personnel who experienced a combat-related mTBI within 2 years of evaluation. MEASURES: Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed the following 4 subtypes: primarily psychiatric (posttraumatic stress disorder) group, a cognitive group, a mixed symptom group, and a good recovery group. The posttraumatic stress disorder cluster (21.9% of the sample) reported symptoms related to hyperarousal and dissociation/depression with few complaints related to cognition or headaches. The cognitive group (21.5% of the sample) had primarily cognitive and headache complaints with few mood symptoms. The mixed profile cluster included 18.6% of the sample and was characterized by a combination of mood complaints (hyperarousal and dissociation/depression), cognitive complaints, and headaches. The largest cluster (37.8% of the sample) had an overall low symptom profile and was labeled the "good recovery" group. CONCLUSIONS: The results support a unique taxonomy for combat-related mTBI. The clinical differences among these subtypes indicate a need for unique treatment resources and programs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stern, R A; Tripodis, Y; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Martin, B M; Chaisson, C; Cantu, R C; Joyce, J A; Shah, S; Ikezu, T; Zhang, J; Gercel-Taylor, C; Taylor, D D
Preliminary Study of Plasma Exosomal Tau as a Potential Biomarker for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1099–1109, 2016.
@article{Stern2016,
title = {Preliminary Study of Plasma Exosomal Tau as a Potential Biomarker for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy},
author = {Stern, R A and Tripodis, Y and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Martin, B M and Chaisson, C and Cantu, R C and Joyce, J A and Shah, S and Ikezu, T and Zhang, J and Gercel-Taylor, C and Taylor, D D},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease},
volume = {51},
number = {4},
pages = {1099--1109},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a tauopathy associated with prior exposure to repetitive head impacts, such as those incurred through American football and other collision sports. Diagnosis is made through neuropathological examination. Many of the clinical features of CTE are common in the general population, with and without a history of head impact exposure, making clinical diagnosis difficult. As is now common in the diagnosis of other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, there is a need for methods to diagnose CTE during life through objective biomarkers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine tau-positive exosomes in plasma as a potential CTE biomarker. METHODS: Subjects were 78 former National Football League (NFL) players and 16 controls. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from plasma. Fluorescent nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to determine the number of vesicles staining positive for tau. RESULTS: The NFL group had higher exosomal tau than the control group (p \< 0.0001). Exosomal tau discriminated between the groups, with 82% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 53% negative predictive value. Within the NFL group, higher exosomal tau was associated with worse performance on tests of memory (p = 0.0126) and psychomotor speed (p = 0.0093). CONCLUSION: These preliminary findings suggest that exosomal tau in plasma may be an accurate, noninvasive CTE biomarker.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Leung, A; Shukla, S; Fallah, A; Song, D; Lin, L; Golshan, S; Tsai, A; Jak, A; Polston, G; Lee, R
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Managing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Headaches Journal Article
In: Neuromodulation, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 133–141, 2016.
@article{Leung2016,
title = {Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Managing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Headaches},
author = {Leung, A and Shukla, S and Fallah, A and Song, D and Lin, L and Golshan, S and Tsai, A and Jak, A and Polston, G and Lee, R},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neuromodulation},
volume = {19},
number = {2},
pages = {133--141},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Headache is one of the most common debilitating chronic pain conditions in either active or retired military personnel with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). This study assessed the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in alleviating MTBI-related headache (MTBI-HA). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Veterans with MTBI-HA were randomized to receive either real rTMS (REAL group) at 10 hz for a total of 2000 pulses divided into 20 trains with one-sec inter-train interval or sham rTMS (SHAM group) at the left motor cortex (LMC) with brain magnetic resonance imaging neuronavigation guidance. Pretreatment, posttreatment one-week and four-week headache and neuropsychological assessments were conducted. RESULT: Thirty veterans were screened and twenty four (21 men and 3 women with average year-old +/- SD at 14.3 +/- 12.6) subjects' data were analyzed. A two-factor (visit x treatment) repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) indicated a close to significant (p = 0.06) trend of interaction between pretreatment and posttreatment one-week assessment with the intensity of the persistent daily headache decreasing from 5.7 +/- 1.9 to 2.2 +/- 2.7 and 4.6 +/- 1.3 to 3.5 +/- 2.0 for the REAL and SHAM groups, respectively. Subsequent analyses indicated REAL group demonstrated a significantly (p = 0.041) higher % of reduction in persistent headache intensity than the SHAM group (56.3 +/- 48.2% vs.15.4 +/- 43.6%) at the posttreatment one-week assessment and the trend continued to the four-week assessment. Overall, a significantly (p = 0.035) higher percentage of the subjects in the REAL group (58.3%) demonstrated at least a 50% headache intensity reduction at posttreatment one-week assessment compared with the SHAM group (16.6%). The overall composite score of functionally debilitating headache exacerbation is significantly (p = 0.017) reduced in REAL group at the posttreatment four-week assessment in comparison with the SHAM group. No major sustained change in neuropsychological assessments was noted. CONCLUSION: The studied rTMS protocol appears to be a clinically feasible and effective treatment option in managing MTBI-HA.Copyright © 2015 International Neuromodulation Society.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stergiou-Kita, M; Mansfield, E; Sokoloff, S; Colantonio, A
Gender Influences on Return to Work After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, vol. 97, no. 2 Suppl, pp. S40–5, 2016.
@article{Stergiou-Kita2016,
title = {Gender Influences on Return to Work After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Stergiou-Kita, M and Mansfield, E and Sokoloff, S and Colantonio, A},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation},
volume = {97},
number = {2 Suppl},
pages = {S40--5},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of gender on the return to work experience of workers who sustained a work-related mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Qualitative study using in-depth telephone interviews. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Participants were adults (N=12; males},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Waldron-Perrine, B; Tree, H A; Spencer, R J; Suhr, J; Bieliauskas, L
Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1051–1055, 2015.
@article{Waldron-Perrine2015,
title = {Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study},
author = {Waldron-Perrine, B and Tree, H A and Spencer, R J and Suhr, J and Bieliauskas, L},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1051--1055},
abstract = {PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Many Veterans involved in recent OEF/OIF conflicts return with reports of having experienced an mTBI. The Veteran's Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) have gone to great lengths to provide information to Veterans regarding possible effects of TBI. Although well intended, this information may possibly have an iatrogenic effect. Conversely, setting positive expectations for recovery from mTBI has been shown to result in decreased symptomatology. RESEARCH DESIGN: One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analyses were used to determine whether there were significant differences on reported severity and number of PCS symptoms (NSI) among the three experimental groups (recovery focused information; expectation for persistent symptoms; and no information given). METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Undergraduate students, who were told to imagine they had experienced a military-related TBI, reported varying levels of expected symptoms when given either positive or negative information about symptom expectation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The results indicate that presenting recovery-oriented literature resulted in the lowest report of expected symptoms, whereas presenting no information resulted in the highest report of expected symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Providing Veterans with information regarding a likely positive trajectory of recovery may result in less symptom persistence during rehabilitation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Zottoli, T M; Hoover, S; Barr, W B
In: Clinical Neuropsychologist, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 678–688, 2015.
@article{Zottoli2015,
title = {Utility of the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) to Detect Insufficient Effort in Independent Medical Examinations and Civil Litigation Cases},
author = {Zottoli, T M and Hoover, S and Barr, W B},
doi = {10.1080/13854046.2015.1062562},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Neuropsychologist},
volume = {29},
number = {5},
pages = {678--688},
abstract = {Objective: The Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) is a standardized mental status screening instrument initially developed for assessment and tracking of concussion symptoms in athletes. The purpose of the current study was to validate the utility of the SAC as an embedded screening measure for insufficient effort in independent medical examinations (IME) and personal injury cases. Method: A known-groups design was used to examine the SACs utility for the detection of insufficient effort in 75 de-identified private IME and civil litigation evaluations. Initial classifications of insufficient effort were made independently of SAC scores, on the basis of having two or more scores falling below established cut-offs on previously validated neuropsychological measures. Results: Results suggest that the total score on the SAC significantly distinguishes effortful respondents from those exhibiting insufficient effort. Empirically derived cut-off scores yielded adequate sensitivity (.62-.95) and negative predictive power (.93-.97). Conclusions: While optimal cut-off scores depend upon intended use, our data suggest that the SAC is useful as a potential screener for insufficient effort, after which one can employ additional measures to rule out false-positives. Further research is required before cut-off scores can be recommended for clinical use. © 2015 Taylor and Francis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gouttebarge, V; Ooms, W; Tummers, T; Inklaar, H
Mortality in international professional football (soccer): a descriptive study Journal Article
In: Journal of Sports Medicine & Physical Fitness, vol. 55, no. 11, pp. 1376–1382, 2015.
@article{Gouttebarge2015,
title = {Mortality in international professional football (soccer): a descriptive study},
author = {Gouttebarge, V and Ooms, W and Tummers, T and Inklaar, H},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Sports Medicine \& Physical Fitness},
volume = {55},
number = {11},
pages = {1376--1382},
abstract = {The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of mortalities from 2007 to 2013 in active (during career) and recently retired (post career) professional footballers. An observational prospective study was conducted. From 2007, the World Footballers' Union (FIFPro) and its related national footballers' unions (more than 70 countries distributed across all continents) collected descriptive data (football-related, cause, etc.) on mortality of active (during career) and recently retired (postcareer before reaching 45 years of age) professional footballers by means of several official sources. A total of 214 deaths were recorded among active and recently retired professional footballers, leading to an overall mortality rate of 0.47 per 1000 footballers per year. Of the 214 deaths, 183 were recorded among active players and 31 among recently retired players. Among the active players, 17% of the fatalities were related to football participation. Disease was the leading cause of death among professional footballers (55%), of which up to 33% accounted for suspected cardiac pathology. Accidents accounted for 25% of the overall deaths, and suicide for 11%. From 2007 to 2013, 214 deaths were recorded among active (during career) and recently retired (post career) professional footballers. Leading cause of death was disease (55%), one third of which were accounted for by suspected cardiac pathology, while accidents accounted for 25% of all deaths, and suicide for 11%. Attention to the predictive validity and application of heart-related precompetition medical assessment should be given, and mental health support should be developed and implemented both during and after a professional football career to prevent potential suicidal behaviors.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Barrio, J R; Small, G W; Wong, K P; Huang, S C; Liu, J; Merrill, D A; Giza, C C; Fitzsimmons, R P; Omalu, B; Bailes, J; Kepe, V
In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging.[Erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 2;112(22):E2981; PMID: 25964344] Journal Article
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 112, no. 16, pp. E2039–47, 2015.
@article{Barrio2015,
title = {In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging.[Erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 2;112(22):E2981; PMID: 25964344]},
author = {Barrio, J R and Small, G W and Wong, K P and Huang, S C and Liu, J and Merrill, D A and Giza, C C and Fitzsimmons, R P and Omalu, B and Bailes, J and Kepe, V},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {112},
number = {16},
pages = {E2039--47},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is an acquired primary tauopathy with a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and motor symptoms linked to cumulative brain damage sustained from single, episodic, or repetitive traumatic brain injury (TBI). No definitive clinical diagnosis for this condition exists. In this work, we used [F-18]FDDNP PET to detect brain patterns of neuropathology distribution in retired professional American football players with suspected CTE (n = 14) and compared results with those of cognitively intact controls (n = 28) and patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) (n = 24), a disease that has been cognitively associated with CTE. [F-18]FDDNP PET imaging results in the retired players suggested the presence of neuropathological patterns consistent with models of concussion wherein brainstem white matter tracts undergo early axonal damage and cumulative axonal injuries along subcortical, limbic, and cortical brain circuitries supporting mood, emotions, and behavior. This deposition pattern is distinctively different from the progressive pattern of neuropathology [paired helical filament (PHF)-tau and amyloid-beta] in AD, which typically begins in the medial temporal lobe progressing along the cortical default mode network, with no or minimal involvement of subcortical structures. This particular [F-18]FDDNP PET imaging pattern in cases of suspected CTE also is primarily consistent with PHF-tau distribution observed at autopsy in subjects with a history of mild TBI and autopsy-confirmed diagnosis of CTE.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brewster, R; Bi, W L; Smith, T R; Gormley, W B; Dunn, I F; Laws Jr., E R
The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 39, no. 1, 2015.
@article{Brewster2015,
title = {The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet},
author = {Brewster, R and Bi, W L and Smith, T R and Gormley, W B and Dunn, I F and {Laws Jr.}, E R},
doi = {10.3171/2015.3.FOCUS1552},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
abstract = {Baseball maintains one of the highest impact injury rates in all athletics. A principal causative factor is the "beanball," referring to a pitch thrown directly at a batter's head. Frequent morbidities elicited demand for the development of protective gear development in the 20th century. In this setting, Dr. Walter Dandy was commissioned to design a "protective cap" in 1941. His invention became widely adopted by professional baseball and inspired subsequent generations of batting helmets. As a baseball aficionado since his youth, Walter Dandy identified a natural partnership between baseball and medical practice for the reduction of beaning-related brain injuries. This history further supports the unique position of neurosurgeons to leverage clinical insights, inform innovation, and expand service to society. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Koerte, I K; Hufschmidt, J; Muehlmann, M; Tripodis, Y; Stamm, J M; Pasternak, O; Giwerc, M Y; Coleman, M J; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Heinen, F; Lin, A; Stern, R A; Shenton, M E
Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Symptomatic Former Professional Football Players Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 346–353, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Football/in [Injuries], *Septum Pellucidum/pa [Pathology], adult, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Brain Concussion/ep [Epidemiology], Humans, Male, middle aged
@article{Koerte2016,
title = {Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Symptomatic Former Professional Football Players},
author = {Koerte, I K and Hufschmidt, J and Muehlmann, M and Tripodis, Y and Stamm, J M and Pasternak, O and Giwerc, M Y and Coleman, M J and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Heinen, F and Lin, A and Stern, R A and Shenton, M E},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {4},
pages = {346--353},
abstract = {Post-mortem studies reveal a high rate of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). It remains, however, to be determined whether or not the presence of CSP may be a potential in vivo imaging marker in populations at high risk to develop CTE. The aim of this study was to evaluate CSP in former professional American football players presenting with cognitive and behavioral symptoms compared with noncontact sports athletes. Seventy-two symptomatic former professional football players (mean age 54.53 years, standard deviation [SD] 7.97) as well as 14 former professional noncontact sports athletes (mean age 57.14 years, SD 7.35) underwent high-resolution structural 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Two raters independently evaluated the CSP, and interrater reliability was calculated. Within National Football League players, an association of CSP measures with cognitive and behavioral functioning was evaluated using a multivariate mixed effects model. The measurements of the two raters were highly correlated (CSP length: rho = 0.98; Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] 0.99; p \< 0.0001; septum length: rho = 0.93; ICC 0.96; p \< 0.0001). For presence versus absence of CSP, there was high agreement (Cohen kappa = 0.83, p \< 0.0001). A higher rate of CSP, a greater length of CSP, as well as a greater ratio of CSP length to septum length was found in symptomatic former professional football players compared with athlete controls. In addition, a greater length of CSP was associated with decreased performance on a list learning task (Neuropsychological Assessment Battery List A Immediate Recall},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Football/in [Injuries], *Septum Pellucidum/pa [Pathology], adult, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Brain Concussion/ep [Epidemiology], Humans, Male, middle aged},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stewart, W; McNamara, P H; Lawlor, B; Hutchinson, S; Farrell, M
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union? Journal Article
In: Qjm, vol. 109, no. 1, pp. 11–15, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Football/in [Injuries], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pp [Physiopathology], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, middle aged, neurologic examination
@article{Stewart2016,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union?},
author = {Stewart, W and McNamara, P H and Lawlor, B and Hutchinson, S and Farrell, M},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Qjm},
volume = {109},
number = {1},
pages = {11--15},
abstract = {The association between exposure to head injury and increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, specifically chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), is widely recognized. Historically, this was largely considered a phenomenon restricted to boxers, with more recent case series identifying further 'high risk' individuals, such as former American footballers, or military personnel. However, in all cases thus far reported, it is clear that it is the exposure to head injury which is associated with increased dementia risk, and not the circumstances or environment of exposure. As such, there is considerable potential for under-recognition of CTE in patients presenting with neurodegenerative disease, particularly where head injury exposure might have been historical and through sport. This article reviews current understanding of CTE and, via an illustrative case in rugby union, highlights the value of a detailed history on head injury and also draws attention to imaging studies in assessing patients with neurodegenerative disease. Copyright © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Football/in [Injuries], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pp [Physiopathology], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, middle aged, neurologic examination},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Calcagnile, O; Anell, A; Unden, J
The addition of S100B to guidelines for management of mild head injury is potentially cost saving Journal Article
In: BMC Neurology, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 200, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/bl [Blood], *Brain Concussion/ec [Economics], *Cost Savings, *Practice Guidelines as Topic, *S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit/bl [Blo, 0 (Biomarkers), 0 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, SWEDEN, Young Adult
@article{Calcagnile2016,
title = {The addition of S100B to guidelines for management of mild head injury is potentially cost saving},
author = {Calcagnile, O and Anell, A and Unden, J},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {BMC Neurology},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {200},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with substantial costs due to over-triage of patients to computed tomography (CT) scanning, despite validated decision rules. Serum biomarker S100B has shown promise for safely omitting CT scans but the economic impact from clinical use has never been reported. In 2007, S100B was adapted into the existing Scandinavian management guidelines in Halmstad, Sweden, in an attempt to reduce CT scans and save costs. METHODS: Consecutive adult patients with mild TBI (GCS 14-15, loss of consciousness and/or amnesia), managed with the aid of S100B, were prospectively included in this study. Patients were followed up after 3 months with a standardized questionnaire. Theoretical and actual cost differences were calculated. RESULTS: Seven hundred twenty-six patients were included and 29 (4.7 %) showed traumatic abnormalities on CT. No further significant intracranial complications were discovered on follow-up. Two hundred twenty-nine patients (27 %) had normal S100B levels and 497 patients (73 %) showed elevated S100B levels. Over-triage occurred in 73 patients (32 %) and under-triage occurred in 39 patients (7 %). No significant intracranial complications were missed. The introduction of S100B could save 71 per patient if guidelines were strictly followed. As compliance to the guidelines was not perfect, the actual cost saving was 39 per patient. CONCLUSION: Adding S100B to existing guidelines for mild TBI seems to reduce CT usage and costs, especially if guideline compliance could be increased.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/bl [Blood], *Brain Concussion/ec [Economics], *Cost Savings, *Practice Guidelines as Topic, *S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit/bl [Blo, 0 (Biomarkers), 0 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, SWEDEN, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
King, J B; Lopez-Larson, M P; Yurgelun-Todd, D A
Mean cortical curvature reflects cytoarchitecture restructuring in mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: NeuroImage Clinical, vol. 11, pp. 81–89, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Adolescent, adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pa [Pathology], Stress Disorders, veterans, Young Adult
@article{King2016a,
title = {Mean cortical curvature reflects cytoarchitecture restructuring in mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {King, J B and Lopez-Larson, M P and Yurgelun-Todd, D A},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {NeuroImage Clinical},
volume = {11},
pages = {81--89},
abstract = {In the United States alone, the number of persons living with the enduring consequences of traumatic brain injuries is estimated to be between 3.2 and 5 million. This number does not include individuals serving in the United States military or seeking care at Veterans Affairs hospitals. The importance of understanding the neurobiological consequences of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has increased with the return of veterans from conflicts overseas, many of who have suffered this type of brain injury. However, identifying the neuroanatomical regions most affected by mTBI continues to prove challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the use of mean cortical curvature as a potential indicator of progressive tissue loss in a cross-sectional sample of 54 veterans with mTBI compared to 31 controls evaluated with MRI. It was hypothesized that mean cortical curvature would be increased in veterans with mTBI, relative to controls, due in part to cortical restructuring related to tissue volume loss. Mean cortical curvature was assessed in 60 bilateral regions (31 sulcal, 29 gyral). Of the 120 regions investigated, nearly 50% demonstrated significantly increased mean cortical curvature in mTBI relative to controls with 25% remaining significant following multiple comparison correction (all, pFDR \< .05). These differences were most prominent in deep gray matter regions of the cortex. Additionally, significant relationships were found between mean cortical curvature and gray and white matter volumes (all, p \< .05). These findings suggest potentially unique patterns of atrophy by region and indicate that changes in brain microstructure due to mTBI are sensitive to measures of mean curvature.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Adolescent, adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pa [Pathology], Stress Disorders, veterans, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Puvenna, V; Engeler, M; Banjara, M; Brennan, C; Schreiber, P; Dadas, A; Bahrami, A; Solanki, J; Bandyopadhyay, A; Morris, J K; Bernick, C; Ghosh, C; Rapp, E; Bazarian, J J; Janigro, D
Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosphorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1630, pp. 225–240, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injury, *Brain/me [Metabolism], *Epilepsy/me [Metabolism], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Brain Injury, Brain/pa [Pathology], Brain/su [Surgery], Child, Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, Epilepsy/pa [Pathology], Epilepsy/su [Surgery], Female, human), Humans, immunohistochemistry, Infant, Male, middle aged, Phosphorylation, Preschool, Young Adult
@article{Puvenna2016,
title = {Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosphorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy},
author = {Puvenna, V and Engeler, M and Banjara, M and Brennan, C and Schreiber, P and Dadas, A and Bahrami, A and Solanki, J and Bandyopadhyay, A and Morris, J K and Bernick, C and Ghosh, C and Rapp, E and Bazarian, J J and Janigro, D},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1630},
pages = {225--240},
abstract = {Repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI) is one of the major risk factors for the abnormal deposition of phosphorylated tau (PT) in the brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) affect the limbic system, but no comparative studies on PT distribution in TLE and CTE are available. It is also unclear whether PT pathology results from repeated head hits (rTBI). These gaps prevent a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical significance of PT, limiting our ability to develop preventative and therapeutic interventions. We quantified PT in TLE and CTE to unveil whether a history of rTBI is a prerequisite for PT accumulation in the brain. Six postmortem CTE (mean 73.3 years) and age matched control samples were compared to 19 surgically resected TLE brain specimens (4 months-58 years; mean 27.6 years). No history of TBI was present in TLE or control; all CTE patients had a history of rTBI. TLE and CTE brain displayed increased levels of PT as revealed by immunohistochemistry. No age-dependent changes were noted, as PT was present as early as 4 months after birth. In TLE and CTE, cortical neurons, perivascular regions around penetrating pial vessels and meninges were immunopositive for PT; white matter tracts also displayed robust expression of extracellular PT organized in bundles parallel to venules. Microscopically, there were extensive tau-immunoreactive neuronal, astrocytic and degenerating neurites throughout the brain. In CTE perivascular tangles were most prominent. Overall, significant differences in staining intensities were found between CTE and control (P\<0.01) but not between CTE and TLE (P=0.08). pS199 tau analysis showed that CTE had the most high molecular weight tangle-associated tau, whereas epileptic brain contained low molecular weight tau. Tau deposition may not be specific to rTBI since TLE recapitulated most of the pathological features of CTE. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Brain Injury, *Brain/me [Metabolism], *Epilepsy/me [Metabolism], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, Brain Injury, Brain/pa [Pathology], Brain/su [Surgery], Child, Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, Epilepsy/pa [Pathology], Epilepsy/su [Surgery], Female, human), Humans, immunohistochemistry, Infant, Male, middle aged, Phosphorylation, Preschool, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sung, C W; Chen, K Y; Chiang, Y H; Chiu, W T; Ou, J C; Lee, H C; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Yang, C M; Tsai, Y R; Liao, K H; Chen, G S; Li, W J; Wang, J Y
Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 127, no. 2, pp. 1629–1638, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Anxiety/bl [Blood], *Brain Injuries/bl [Blood], *Depression/bl [Blood], *Heart Rate/ph [Physiology], *Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/me [Metabolism], 0 (Biomarkers), 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I), adult, Affective Symptoms/bl [Blood], Affective Symptoms/di [Diagnosis], Affective Symptoms/px [Psychology], Anxiety/di [Diagnosis], Anxiety/px [Psychology], Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Depression/di [Diagnosis], Depression/px [Psychology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/bl [Blood], Mood Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Young Adult
@article{Sung2016,
title = {Heart rate variability and serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1 are correlated with symptoms of emotional disorders in patients suffering a mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {Sung, C W and Chen, K Y and Chiang, Y H and Chiu, W T and Ou, J C and Lee, H C and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Yang, C M and Tsai, Y R and Liao, K H and Chen, G S and Li, W J and Wang, J Y},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Neurophysiology},
volume = {127},
number = {2},
pages = {1629--1638},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Patients who have experienced a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are susceptible to symptoms of anxiety or depression. To explore the potential biomarkers for emotional disorders in mTBI patients, we analyzed the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV) and serum concentrations of four neurohormones. METHODS: We assessed mTBI patients on their first visit and follow-up. Symptoms were evaluated by the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melatonin, cortisol, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and HRV follow-ups were measured and compared. RESULTS: mTBI patients were more vulnerable to symptoms of anxiety or depression than healthy controls. Reduced HRV was noted in mTBI patients compared to healthy controls. The mTBI patients demonstrated higher serum levels of ACTH, lower IGF-1 compared to healthy controls. In correlation analysis, only IGF-1 was positively correlated with HRV in mTBI patients. Both HRV and IGF-1 were correlated with symptom of depression while only HRV was correlated with symptom of anxiety in mTBI patients. CONCLUSIONS: We infer that HRV may be more significantly correlated with emotional disorders than is IGF-1 in mTBI patients. SIGNIFICANCE: The study is relevant for specific diagnostic markers in mTBI patients.Copyright © 2015 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Anxiety/bl [Blood], *Brain Injuries/bl [Blood], *Depression/bl [Blood], *Heart Rate/ph [Physiology], *Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/me [Metabolism], 0 (Biomarkers), 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I), adult, Affective Symptoms/bl [Blood], Affective Symptoms/di [Diagnosis], Affective Symptoms/px [Psychology], Anxiety/di [Diagnosis], Anxiety/px [Psychology], Biomarkers/bl [Blood], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Depression/di [Diagnosis], Depression/px [Psychology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/bl [Blood], Mood Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Subbian, V; Ratcliff, J J; Korfhagen, J J; Hart, K W; Meunier, J M; Shaw, G J; Lindsell, C J; Beyette Jr., F R
A Novel Tool for Evaluation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Department: Does Robotic Assessment of Neuromotor Performance Following Injury Predict the Presence of Postconcussion Symptoms at Follow-up? Journal Article
In: Academic Emergency Medicine, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 382–392, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Emergency Service, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/et [Etiology], *Robotics/mt [Methods], adult, Closed/co [Complications], Diagnostic Techniques, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Head Injuries, Hospital/og [Organization & Ad, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neurological, Observer Variation, Sensitivity and Specificity, Urban Population, Young Adult
@article{Subbian2016,
title = {A Novel Tool for Evaluation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Department: Does Robotic Assessment of Neuromotor Performance Following Injury Predict the Presence of Postconcussion Symptoms at Follow-up?},
author = {Subbian, V and Ratcliff, J J and Korfhagen, J J and Hart, K W and Meunier, J M and Shaw, G J and Lindsell, C J and {Beyette Jr.}, F R},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Academic Emergency Medicine},
volume = {23},
number = {4},
pages = {382--392},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Postconcussion symptoms (PCS) are a common complication of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, there is no validated clinically available method to reliably predict at the time of injury who will subsequently develop PCS. The purpose of this study was to determine if PCS following mild TBI can be predicted during the initial presentation to an emergency department (ED) using a novel robotic-assisted assessment of neurologic function. METHODS: All patients presenting to an urban ED with a chief complaint of head injury within the preceding 24 hours were screened for inclusion from March 2013 to April 2014. The enrollment criteria were as follows: 1) age of 18 years or greater, 2) ability and willingness to provide written informed consent, 3) blunt head trauma and clinical diagnosis of isolated mild TBI by the treating physician, and 4) blood alcohol level of \<100 mg/dL. Eligible mild TBI patients were enrolled and their neuromotor function was assessed in the ED using a battery of five tests that cover a range of proprioceptive, visuomotor, visuospatial, and executive function performance metrics. At 3 weeks postinjury, participants were contacted via telephone to complete the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire to assess the presence of significant PCS. RESULTS: A total of 66 mild TBI patients were enrolled in the study with 42 of them completing both the ED assessment and the follow-up; 40 patients were included in the analyses. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the entire test battery was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54 to 0.90). The AUC for tests that primarily measure visuomotor and proprioceptive performance were 0.80 (95% CI = 0.65 to 0.95) and 0.71 (95% CI = 0.53 to 0.89), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The robotic-assisted test battery has the ability to discriminate between subjects who developed PCS and those who did not. Additionally, poor visuomotor and proprioceptive performance were most strongly associated with subsequent PCS.Copyright © 2016 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Emergency Service, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/et [Etiology], *Robotics/mt [Methods], adult, Closed/co [Complications], Diagnostic Techniques, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Head Injuries, Hospital/og [Organization \& Ad, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neurological, Observer Variation, Sensitivity and Specificity, Urban Population, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lau, K M; Madden, E; Neylan, T C; Seal, K H; Maguen, S
Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 287–294, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs
@article{Lau2016a,
title = {Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors},
author = {Lau, K M and Madden, E and Neylan, T C and Seal, K H and Maguen, S},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {287--294},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury severity markers and neurological symptoms associated with clinician-confirmed mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centre and five affiliated community-based outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and fifty Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with positive initial VA TBI screens between 1 April 2007 and 1 June 2010 and clinician-confirmed TBI status by 1 December 2010. METHODS: Retrospective-cohort study of medical record data. Main measures included clinician-confirmed TBI status, injury severity markers (e.g. loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or confusion/disorientation) and neurological symptoms. RESULTS: Among veterans who screened positive on the initial VA TBI and then received a clinician evaluation, 60% were confirmed to have a TBI diagnosis. Veterans reporting at least one LOC, confusion or PTA were almost 18-times more likely to receive a confirmed TBI diagnosis. Odds of clinician-confirmed TBI were 2.5-3-times greater among those who endorsed dizziness, poor coordination, headaches, nausea, vision problems and/or irritability, compared to those not endorsing these symptoms. Nausea had greatest utility for confirming a TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of neurologic symptoms that most contribute to a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of TBI has potential for streamlining detection of TBI and symptoms needed for treatment.},
keywords = {*Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hoffer, M E; Szczupak, M; Kiderman, A; Crawford, J; Murphy, S; Marshall, K; Pelusso, C; Balaban, C
Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. e0146039, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult
@article{Hoffer2016,
title = {Neurosensory Symptom Complexes after Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Hoffer, M E and Szczupak, M and Kiderman, A and Crawford, J and Murphy, S and Marshall, K and Pelusso, C and Balaban, C},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {e0146039},
abstract = {Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prominent public health issue. To date, subjective symptom complaints primarily dictate diagnostic and treatment approaches. As such, the description and qualification of these symptoms in the mTBI patient population is of great value. This manuscript describes the symptoms of mTBI patients as compared to controls in a larger study designed to examine the use of vestibular testing to diagnose mTBI. Five symptom clusters were identified: Post-Traumatic Headache/Migraine, Nausea, Emotional/Affective, Fatigue/Malaise, and Dizziness/Mild Cognitive Impairment. Our analysis indicates that individuals with mTBI have headache, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction far out of proportion to those without mTBI. In addition, sleep disorders and emotional issues were significantly more common amongst mTBI patients than non-injured individuals. A simple set of questions inquiring about dizziness, headache, and cognitive issues may provide diagnostic accuracy. The consideration of other symptoms may be critical for providing prognostic value and treatment for best short-term outcomes or prevention of long-term complications.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Vestibular Function Tests, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, Affective Symptoms/et [Etiology], Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Cluster Analysis, Dizziness/et [Etiology], Emergency Service, Fatigue/et [Etiology], Female, Gait Disorders, Headache/et [Etiology], Hospital, Hospitals, Humans, Male, middle aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment/et [Etiology], Military, Nausea/et [Etiology], Neurologic/et [Etiology], Neuropsychological Tests, Principal Component Analysis, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, symptom assessment, Trauma Severity Indices, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
van der Horn, H J; Liemburg, E J; Scheenen, M E; de Koning, M E; Marsman, J B; Spikman, J M; van der Naalt, J
Brain network dysregulation, emotion, and complaints after mild traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Human Brain Mapping, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1645–1654, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Emotions, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *Nerve Net/pp [Physiopathology], Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Emotions/ph [Physiology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Prospective Studies, Young Adult
@article{VanderHorn2016,
title = {Brain network dysregulation, emotion, and complaints after mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {van der Horn, H J and Liemburg, E J and Scheenen, M E and de Koning, M E and Marsman, J B and Spikman, J M and van der Naalt, J},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Human Brain Mapping},
volume = {37},
number = {4},
pages = {1645--1654},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To assess the role of brain networks in emotion regulation and post-traumatic complaints in the sub-acute phase after non-complicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Fifty-four patients with mTBI (34 with and 20 without complaints) and 20 healthy controls (group-matched for age, sex, education, and handedness) were included. Resting-state fMRI was performed at four weeks post-injury. Static and dynamic functional connectivity were studied within and between the default mode, executive (frontoparietal and bilateral frontal network), and salience network. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). PRINCIPAL OBSERVATIONS: Regarding within-network functional connectivity, none of the selected brain networks were different between groups. Regarding between-network interactions, patients with complaints exhibited lower functional connectivity between the bilateral frontal and salience network compared to patients without complaints. In the total patient group, higher HADS-D scores were related to lower functional connectivity between the bilateral frontal network and both the right frontoparietal and salience network, and to higher connectivity between the right frontoparietal and salience network. Furthermore, whereas higher HADS-D scores were associated with lower connectivity within the parietal midline areas of the bilateral frontal network, higher HADS-A scores were related to lower connectivity within medial prefrontal areas of the bilateral frontal network. CONCLUSIONS: Functional interactions of the executive and salience networks were related to emotion regulation and complaints after mTBI, with a key role for the bilateral frontal network. These findings may have implications for future studies on the effect of psychological interventions.Copyright © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain/pp [Physiopathology], *Emotions, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *Nerve Net/pp [Physiopathology], Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Emotions/ph [Physiology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods], Male, middle aged, Prospective Studies, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bailie, J M; Kennedy, J E; French, L M; Marshall, K; Prokhorenko, O; Asmussen, S; Reid, M W; Qashu, F; Brickell, T A; Lange, R T
Profile Analysis of the Neurobehavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms Following Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Subtypes Journal Article
In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Military Personnel, Abbreviated Injury Scale, Adolescent, adult, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cluster Analysis, Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Cognition Disorders/px [Psychology], FACTOR analysis, Headache/et [Etiology], Headache/px [Psychology], Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/et [Etiology], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/et [Etiology], Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Statistical, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, Warfare, Young Adult
@article{Bailie2016,
title = {Profile Analysis of the Neurobehavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms Following Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Identification of Subtypes},
author = {Bailie, J M and Kennedy, J E and French, L M and Marshall, K and Prokhorenko, O and Asmussen, S and Reid, M W and Qashu, F and Brickell, T A and Lange, R T},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
volume = {31},
number = {1},
pages = {2--12},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore the taxonomy of combat-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) based on symptom patterns. PARTICIPANTS: Up to 1341 military personnel who experienced a combat-related mTBI within 2 years of evaluation. MEASURES: Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed the following 4 subtypes: primarily psychiatric (posttraumatic stress disorder) group, a cognitive group, a mixed symptom group, and a good recovery group. The posttraumatic stress disorder cluster (21.9% of the sample) reported symptoms related to hyperarousal and dissociation/depression with few complaints related to cognition or headaches. The cognitive group (21.5% of the sample) had primarily cognitive and headache complaints with few mood symptoms. The mixed profile cluster included 18.6% of the sample and was characterized by a combination of mood complaints (hyperarousal and dissociation/depression), cognitive complaints, and headaches. The largest cluster (37.8% of the sample) had an overall low symptom profile and was labeled the "good recovery" group. CONCLUSIONS: The results support a unique taxonomy for combat-related mTBI. The clinical differences among these subtypes indicate a need for unique treatment resources and programs.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/co [Complications], *Military Personnel, Abbreviated Injury Scale, Adolescent, adult, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Cluster Analysis, Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Cognition Disorders/px [Psychology], FACTOR analysis, Headache/et [Etiology], Headache/px [Psychology], Humans, Male, middle aged, Mood Disorders/et [Etiology], Mood Disorders/px [Psychology], Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/et [Etiology], Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Statistical, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, Warfare, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stern, R A; Tripodis, Y; Baugh, C M; Fritts, N G; Martin, B M; Chaisson, C; Cantu, R C; Joyce, J A; Shah, S; Ikezu, T; Zhang, J; Gercel-Taylor, C; Taylor, D D
Preliminary Study of Plasma Exosomal Tau as a Potential Biomarker for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1099–1109, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/bl [Blood], *Extracellular Vesicles/me [Metabolism], *Plasma/cy [Cytology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (tau Proteins), adult, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged
@article{Stern2016,
title = {Preliminary Study of Plasma Exosomal Tau as a Potential Biomarker for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy},
author = {Stern, R A and Tripodis, Y and Baugh, C M and Fritts, N G and Martin, B M and Chaisson, C and Cantu, R C and Joyce, J A and Shah, S and Ikezu, T and Zhang, J and Gercel-Taylor, C and Taylor, D D},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease},
volume = {51},
number = {4},
pages = {1099--1109},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a tauopathy associated with prior exposure to repetitive head impacts, such as those incurred through American football and other collision sports. Diagnosis is made through neuropathological examination. Many of the clinical features of CTE are common in the general population, with and without a history of head impact exposure, making clinical diagnosis difficult. As is now common in the diagnosis of other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, there is a need for methods to diagnose CTE during life through objective biomarkers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine tau-positive exosomes in plasma as a potential CTE biomarker. METHODS: Subjects were 78 former National Football League (NFL) players and 16 controls. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from plasma. Fluorescent nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to determine the number of vesicles staining positive for tau. RESULTS: The NFL group had higher exosomal tau than the control group (p \< 0.0001). Exosomal tau discriminated between the groups, with 82% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 53% negative predictive value. Within the NFL group, higher exosomal tau was associated with worse performance on tests of memory (p = 0.0126) and psychomotor speed (p = 0.0093). CONCLUSION: These preliminary findings suggest that exosomal tau in plasma may be an accurate, noninvasive CTE biomarker.},
keywords = {*Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/bl [Blood], *Extracellular Vesicles/me [Metabolism], *Plasma/cy [Cytology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (tau Proteins), adult, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Male, middle aged},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Leung, A; Shukla, S; Fallah, A; Song, D; Lin, L; Golshan, S; Tsai, A; Jak, A; Polston, G; Lee, R
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Managing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Headaches Journal Article
In: Neuromodulation, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 133–141, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Headache/et [Etiology], *Headache/th [Therapy], *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/mt [Methods], adult, aged, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuronavigation, Neuropsychological Tests, treatment outcome
@article{Leung2016,
title = {Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Managing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Headaches},
author = {Leung, A and Shukla, S and Fallah, A and Song, D and Lin, L and Golshan, S and Tsai, A and Jak, A and Polston, G and Lee, R},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neuromodulation},
volume = {19},
number = {2},
pages = {133--141},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Headache is one of the most common debilitating chronic pain conditions in either active or retired military personnel with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). This study assessed the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in alleviating MTBI-related headache (MTBI-HA). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Veterans with MTBI-HA were randomized to receive either real rTMS (REAL group) at 10 hz for a total of 2000 pulses divided into 20 trains with one-sec inter-train interval or sham rTMS (SHAM group) at the left motor cortex (LMC) with brain magnetic resonance imaging neuronavigation guidance. Pretreatment, posttreatment one-week and four-week headache and neuropsychological assessments were conducted. RESULT: Thirty veterans were screened and twenty four (21 men and 3 women with average year-old +/- SD at 14.3 +/- 12.6) subjects' data were analyzed. A two-factor (visit x treatment) repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) indicated a close to significant (p = 0.06) trend of interaction between pretreatment and posttreatment one-week assessment with the intensity of the persistent daily headache decreasing from 5.7 +/- 1.9 to 2.2 +/- 2.7 and 4.6 +/- 1.3 to 3.5 +/- 2.0 for the REAL and SHAM groups, respectively. Subsequent analyses indicated REAL group demonstrated a significantly (p = 0.041) higher % of reduction in persistent headache intensity than the SHAM group (56.3 +/- 48.2% vs.15.4 +/- 43.6%) at the posttreatment one-week assessment and the trend continued to the four-week assessment. Overall, a significantly (p = 0.035) higher percentage of the subjects in the REAL group (58.3%) demonstrated at least a 50% headache intensity reduction at posttreatment one-week assessment compared with the SHAM group (16.6%). The overall composite score of functionally debilitating headache exacerbation is significantly (p = 0.017) reduced in REAL group at the posttreatment four-week assessment in comparison with the SHAM group. No major sustained change in neuropsychological assessments was noted. CONCLUSION: The studied rTMS protocol appears to be a clinically feasible and effective treatment option in managing MTBI-HA.Copyright © 2015 International Neuromodulation Society.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Headache/et [Etiology], *Headache/th [Therapy], *Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/mt [Methods], adult, aged, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuronavigation, Neuropsychological Tests, treatment outcome},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stergiou-Kita, M; Mansfield, E; Sokoloff, S; Colantonio, A
Gender Influences on Return to Work After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, vol. 97, no. 2 Suppl, pp. S40–5, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/rh [Rehabilitation], *Return to Work/px [Psychology], *Sex Factors, adult, aged, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/px [Psychology], Qualitative Research, Rehabilitation, Social Environment, Vocational/px [Psychology], Workplace/px [Psychology], Young Adult
@article{Stergiou-Kita2016,
title = {Gender Influences on Return to Work After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Stergiou-Kita, M and Mansfield, E and Sokoloff, S and Colantonio, A},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation},
volume = {97},
number = {2 Suppl},
pages = {S40--5},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of gender on the return to work experience of workers who sustained a work-related mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Qualitative study using in-depth telephone interviews. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Participants were adults (N=12; males},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/rh [Rehabilitation], *Return to Work/px [Psychology], *Sex Factors, adult, aged, Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/px [Psychology], Qualitative Research, Rehabilitation, Social Environment, Vocational/px [Psychology], Workplace/px [Psychology], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Waldron-Perrine, B; Tree, H A; Spencer, R J; Suhr, J; Bieliauskas, L
Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1051–1055, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], *Information Dissemination, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/px [Psychology], adult, Female, Health Communication, Humans, Language, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Stress Disorders, Veterans/px [Psychology], Young Adult
@article{Waldron-Perrine2015,
title = {Informational literature influences symptom expression following mild head injury: An analog study},
author = {Waldron-Perrine, B and Tree, H A and Spencer, R J and Suhr, J and Bieliauskas, L},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1051--1055},
abstract = {PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Many Veterans involved in recent OEF/OIF conflicts return with reports of having experienced an mTBI. The Veteran's Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) have gone to great lengths to provide information to Veterans regarding possible effects of TBI. Although well intended, this information may possibly have an iatrogenic effect. Conversely, setting positive expectations for recovery from mTBI has been shown to result in decreased symptomatology. RESEARCH DESIGN: One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analyses were used to determine whether there were significant differences on reported severity and number of PCS symptoms (NSI) among the three experimental groups (recovery focused information; expectation for persistent symptoms; and no information given). METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Undergraduate students, who were told to imagine they had experienced a military-related TBI, reported varying levels of expected symptoms when given either positive or negative information about symptom expectation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The results indicate that presenting recovery-oriented literature resulted in the lowest report of expected symptoms, whereas presenting no information resulted in the highest report of expected symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Providing Veterans with information regarding a likely positive trajectory of recovery may result in less symptom persistence during rehabilitation.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], *Information Dissemination, *Post-Concussion Syndrome/di [Diagnosis], *Post-Concussion Syndrome/px [Psychology], adult, Female, Health Communication, Humans, Language, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Stress Disorders, Veterans/px [Psychology], Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Zottoli, T M; Hoover, S; Barr, W B
In: Clinical Neuropsychologist, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 678–688, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: brain concussion, Civil Litigation, Female, human, Humans, IME, Insufficient effort, legislation and jurisprudence, Male, malingering, Malpractice, middle aged, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, neuropsychology, Physical Examination, questionnaire, Standardized assessment of concussion (SAC), statistics and numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires
@article{Zottoli2015,
title = {Utility of the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) to Detect Insufficient Effort in Independent Medical Examinations and Civil Litigation Cases},
author = {Zottoli, T M and Hoover, S and Barr, W B},
doi = {10.1080/13854046.2015.1062562},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Neuropsychologist},
volume = {29},
number = {5},
pages = {678--688},
abstract = {Objective: The Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) is a standardized mental status screening instrument initially developed for assessment and tracking of concussion symptoms in athletes. The purpose of the current study was to validate the utility of the SAC as an embedded screening measure for insufficient effort in independent medical examinations (IME) and personal injury cases. Method: A known-groups design was used to examine the SACs utility for the detection of insufficient effort in 75 de-identified private IME and civil litigation evaluations. Initial classifications of insufficient effort were made independently of SAC scores, on the basis of having two or more scores falling below established cut-offs on previously validated neuropsychological measures. Results: Results suggest that the total score on the SAC significantly distinguishes effortful respondents from those exhibiting insufficient effort. Empirically derived cut-off scores yielded adequate sensitivity (.62-.95) and negative predictive power (.93-.97). Conclusions: While optimal cut-off scores depend upon intended use, our data suggest that the SAC is useful as a potential screener for insufficient effort, after which one can employ additional measures to rule out false-positives. Further research is required before cut-off scores can be recommended for clinical use. © 2015 Taylor and Francis.},
keywords = {brain concussion, Civil Litigation, Female, human, Humans, IME, Insufficient effort, legislation and jurisprudence, Male, malingering, Malpractice, middle aged, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, neuropsychology, Physical Examination, questionnaire, Standardized assessment of concussion (SAC), statistics and numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gouttebarge, V; Ooms, W; Tummers, T; Inklaar, H
Mortality in international professional football (soccer): a descriptive study Journal Article
In: Journal of Sports Medicine & Physical Fitness, vol. 55, no. 11, pp. 1376–1382, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], *Death, *Soccer, adult, Cardiac/ep [Epidemiology], Cause of Death/td [Trends], Humans, Male, middle aged, Netherlands/ep [Epidemiology], Prospective Studies, Sudden
@article{Gouttebarge2015,
title = {Mortality in international professional football (soccer): a descriptive study},
author = {Gouttebarge, V and Ooms, W and Tummers, T and Inklaar, H},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Sports Medicine \& Physical Fitness},
volume = {55},
number = {11},
pages = {1376--1382},
abstract = {The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of mortalities from 2007 to 2013 in active (during career) and recently retired (post career) professional footballers. An observational prospective study was conducted. From 2007, the World Footballers' Union (FIFPro) and its related national footballers' unions (more than 70 countries distributed across all continents) collected descriptive data (football-related, cause, etc.) on mortality of active (during career) and recently retired (postcareer before reaching 45 years of age) professional footballers by means of several official sources. A total of 214 deaths were recorded among active and recently retired professional footballers, leading to an overall mortality rate of 0.47 per 1000 footballers per year. Of the 214 deaths, 183 were recorded among active players and 31 among recently retired players. Among the active players, 17% of the fatalities were related to football participation. Disease was the leading cause of death among professional footballers (55%), of which up to 33% accounted for suspected cardiac pathology. Accidents accounted for 25% of the overall deaths, and suicide for 11%. From 2007 to 2013, 214 deaths were recorded among active (during career) and recently retired (post career) professional footballers. Leading cause of death was disease (55%), one third of which were accounted for by suspected cardiac pathology, while accidents accounted for 25% of all deaths, and suicide for 11%. Attention to the predictive validity and application of heart-related precompetition medical assessment should be given, and mental health support should be developed and implemented both during and after a professional football career to prevent potential suicidal behaviors.},
keywords = {*Athletes/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], *Death, *Soccer, adult, Cardiac/ep [Epidemiology], Cause of Death/td [Trends], Humans, Male, middle aged, Netherlands/ep [Epidemiology], Prospective Studies, Sudden},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Oeur, R A; Karton, C; Post, A; Rousseau, P; Hoshizaki, T B; Marshall, S; Brien, S E; Smith, A; Cusimano, M D; Gilchrist, M D
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 415–422, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult
@article{Oeur2015,
title = {A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma},
author = {Oeur, R A and Karton, C and Post, A and Rousseau, P and Hoshizaki, T B and Marshall, S and Brien, S E and Smith, A and Cusimano, M D and Gilchrist, M D},
doi = {10.3171/2014.10.JNS14440},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {123},
number = {2},
pages = {415--422},
abstract = {Object Concussions typically resolve within several days, but in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). These persisting symptoms may also be associated with more serious brain trauma similar to subdural hematoma (SDH). The objective of this study was to investigate the head dynamic and brain tissue responses of injury reconstructions resulting in concussion, PPCS, and SDH. Methods Reconstruction cases were obtained from sports medicine clinics and hospitals. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in symptoms. Those symptoms that resolved in 9 days or fewer were defined as concussions (n = 3). Those with symptoms lasting longer than 18 months were defined as PPCS (n = 3), and 3 patients presented with SDHs (n = 3). A Hybrid III headform was used in reconstruction to obtain linear and rotational accelerations of the head. These dynamic response data were then input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to calculate maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare head dynamic and brain tissue responses between injury groups. Statistical significance was set at p \< 0.05. Results A significant difference was identified for peak resultant linear and rotational acceleration between injury groups. Post hoc analyses revealed the SDH group had higher linear and rotational acceleration responses (316 g and 23,181 rad/sec2, respectively) than the concussion group (149 g and 8111 rad/sec2, respectively; p \< 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups for either brain tissue measures of maximum principal strain or von Mises stress. Conclusions The reconstruction of accidents resulting in a concussion with transient symptoms (low severity) and SDHs revealed a positive relationship between an increase in head dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. This type of relationship was not found for brain tissue stress and strain results derived by finite element analysis. Future research should be undertaken using a larger sample size to confirm these initial findings. Understanding the relationship between the head dynamic and brain tissue response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {accident, Accident reconstruction, accidental injury, Accidents, Adolescent, adult, Article, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomechanics, brain, brain concussion, brain stem, brain tissue, Cerebellum, clinical article, comparative study, Concussion, controlled study, Female, finite element analysis, Finite element modelling, gray matter, Hematoma, human, Humans, Hybrid iii headform, injury severity, laboratory test, Male, Mechanical, mechanical stress, middle aged, pathology, Pathophysiology, Persistent postconcussive symptoms, PHYSIOLOGY, Post Hoc Analysis, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, shear stress, simulation, SPORTS medicine, STATISTICAL significance, Stress, stress strain relationship, Subdural, subdural hematoma, traumatic brain injury, white matter, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Barrio, J R; Small, G W; Wong, K P; Huang, S C; Liu, J; Merrill, D A; Giza, C C; Fitzsimmons, R P; Omalu, B; Bailes, J; Kepe, V
In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging.[Erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 2;112(22):E2981; PMID: 25964344] Journal Article
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 112, no. 16, pp. E2039–47, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Brain/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], *Nitriles, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0 (2-(1-(6-((2-fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino)-2-naphth, 0 (Nitriles), 80 and over, adult, aged, Alzheimer Disease/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Amygdala/mi [Microbiology], Amygdala/pa [Pathology], autopsy, Case-Control Studies, Chronic/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Demography, Humans, Male, Mesencephalon/mi [Microbiology], Mesencephalon/pa [Pathology], middle aged
@article{Barrio2015,
title = {In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging.[Erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 2;112(22):E2981; PMID: 25964344]},
author = {Barrio, J R and Small, G W and Wong, K P and Huang, S C and Liu, J and Merrill, D A and Giza, C C and Fitzsimmons, R P and Omalu, B and Bailes, J and Kepe, V},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {112},
number = {16},
pages = {E2039--47},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is an acquired primary tauopathy with a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and motor symptoms linked to cumulative brain damage sustained from single, episodic, or repetitive traumatic brain injury (TBI). No definitive clinical diagnosis for this condition exists. In this work, we used [F-18]FDDNP PET to detect brain patterns of neuropathology distribution in retired professional American football players with suspected CTE (n = 14) and compared results with those of cognitively intact controls (n = 28) and patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) (n = 24), a disease that has been cognitively associated with CTE. [F-18]FDDNP PET imaging results in the retired players suggested the presence of neuropathological patterns consistent with models of concussion wherein brainstem white matter tracts undergo early axonal damage and cumulative axonal injuries along subcortical, limbic, and cortical brain circuitries supporting mood, emotions, and behavior. This deposition pattern is distinctively different from the progressive pattern of neuropathology [paired helical filament (PHF)-tau and amyloid-beta] in AD, which typically begins in the medial temporal lobe progressing along the cortical default mode network, with no or minimal involvement of subcortical structures. This particular [F-18]FDDNP PET imaging pattern in cases of suspected CTE also is primarily consistent with PHF-tau distribution observed at autopsy in subjects with a history of mild TBI and autopsy-confirmed diagnosis of CTE.},
keywords = {*Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Brain/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], *Nitriles, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0 (2-(1-(6-((2-fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino)-2-naphth, 0 (Nitriles), 80 and over, adult, aged, Alzheimer Disease/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Amygdala/mi [Microbiology], Amygdala/pa [Pathology], autopsy, Case-Control Studies, Chronic/ri [Radionuclide Imaging], Demography, Humans, Male, Mesencephalon/mi [Microbiology], Mesencephalon/pa [Pathology], middle aged},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brewster, R; Bi, W L; Smith, T R; Gormley, W B; Dunn, I F; Laws Jr., E R
The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 39, no. 1, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy
@article{Brewster2015,
title = {The neurosurgeon as baseball fan and inventor: Walter Dandy and the batter's helmet},
author = {Brewster, R and Bi, W L and Smith, T R and Gormley, W B and Dunn, I F and {Laws Jr.}, E R},
doi = {10.3171/2015.3.FOCUS1552},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
abstract = {Baseball maintains one of the highest impact injury rates in all athletics. A principal causative factor is the "beanball," referring to a pitch thrown directly at a batter's head. Frequent morbidities elicited demand for the development of protective gear development in the 20th century. In this setting, Dr. Walter Dandy was commissioned to design a "protective cap" in 1941. His invention became widely adopted by professional baseball and inspired subsequent generations of batting helmets. As a baseball aficionado since his youth, Walter Dandy identified a natural partnership between baseball and medical practice for the reduction of beaning-related brain injuries. This history further supports the unique position of neurosurgeons to leverage clinical insights, inform innovation, and expand service to society. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {19th Century, 20th Century, Baseball, Baseball helmet, brain concussion, Head Protective Devices, Head trauma, Helmet, HISTORY, human, Humans, Injuries, Innovation, Male, middle aged, neurosurgeon, Neurosurgeons, Protective gear, traumatic brain injury, Walter dandy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Monaco 3rd, E A; Tempel, Z
Concussion related to white matter abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in aging athletes Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. N10–1, 2015.
BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *White Matter/pa [Pathology], aging, Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Humans, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests
@article{Monaco3rd2015,
title = {Concussion related to white matter abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in aging athletes},
author = {{Monaco 3rd}, E A and Tempel, Z},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {76},
number = {4},
pages = {N10--1},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *White Matter/pa [Pathology], aging, Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], Humans, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dretsch, M N; Kelly, M P; Coldren, R L; Parish, R V; Russell, M L
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 32, no. 16, pp. 1217–1222, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2003-2011, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, amnesia, ANAM, Article, assessment of humans, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics, Blast injuries, blast injury, blunt trauma, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, Cognition Disorders, cognitive screening, comparative study, complication, concussion mechanism, Demography, deployment, Female, follow up, health status, human, Humans, Iraq War, Male, middle aged, Military, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, Military personnel, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, soldier, unconsciousness, UNITED States, War, Young Adult
@article{Dretsch2015a,
title = {No Significant Acute and Subacute Differences between Blast and Blunt Concussions across Multiple Neurocognitive Measures and Symptoms in Deployed Soldiers},
author = {Dretsch, M N and Kelly, M P and Coldren, R L and Parish, R V and Russell, M L},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2014.3637},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {32},
number = {16},
pages = {1217--1222},
abstract = {Seventy-one deployed U.S. Army soldiers who presented for concussion care due to either blast or blunt mechanisms within 72 h of injury were assessed using the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM), traditional neuropsychological tests, and health status questionnaires. Follow-up ANAM testing was performed 10 d after initial testing (±5 d). Twenty-one soldiers were excluded: two for poor effort and 19 who had combined blast/blunt injuries. Of the remaining 50 male participants, 34 had blast injuries and 16 had blunt injuries. There were no statistically significant differences between blast injury and blunt injury participants in demographic, physical, or psychological health factors, concussive symptoms, or automated and traditional neurocognitive testing scores within 72 h post-injury. In addition, follow-up ANAM scores up to 15 d post-injury were not significantly different (available on 21 blast-injured and 13 blunt-injured subjects). Pre-injury baseline ANAM scores were compared where available, and revealed no statistically significant differences between 22 blast injury and eight blunt injury participants. These findings suggest there are no significant differences between mechanisms of injury during both the acute and subacute periods in neurobehavioral concussion sequelae while deployed in a combat environment. The current study supports the use of sports/mechanical concussion models for early concussion management in the deployed setting and exploration of variability in potential long-term outcomes. © Copyright 2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
keywords = {2003-2011, acute disease, Adolescent, adult, amnesia, ANAM, Article, assessment of humans, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics, Blast injuries, blast injury, blunt trauma, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, Cognition Disorders, cognitive screening, comparative study, complication, concussion mechanism, Demography, deployment, Female, follow up, health status, human, Humans, Iraq War, Male, middle aged, Military, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, Military personnel, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, soldier, unconsciousness, UNITED States, War, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mendez, M F; Paholpak, P; Lin, A; Zhang, J Y; Teng, E
Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Versus Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Journal Article
In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 985–993, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Alzheimer Disease/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Age of Onset, Alzheimer Disease/co [Complications], Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prevalence, Risk Factors, United States/ep [Epidemiology]
@article{Mendez2015,
title = {Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Versus Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease},
author = {Mendez, M F and Paholpak, P and Lin, A and Zhang, J Y and Teng, E},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease},
volume = {47},
number = {4},
pages = {985--993},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most established environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it is unclear if TBI is specifically associated with early-onset AD (EOAD). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between TBI and EOAD (\<65 years). METHODS: We identified 1,449 EOAD, 4,337 late-onset AD (LOAD), and corresponding EOAD-matched and LOAD-matched normal controls (NC) in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform (NACC) database and compared the prevalence of any history of TBI as well as measures of cognition, function, behavior, and neuropathology. For validation, we determined TBI prevalence among 115 well-characterized clinic patients with EOAD. RESULTS: Part A: The prevalence of any TBI in the NACC-database EOAD participants (13.3%) was comparable to that observed in the clinic EOAD patients (13.9%) but significantly higher than in the NACC-database LOAD participants (7.7% ; p \< 0.0001) and trended to higher compared to EOAD-matched NC (11.1% ; logistic regression p = 0.053). Part B: When we compared EOAD patients with documented non-acute and non-residually impairing TBI to EOAD without a documented history of prior TBI, those with TBI had significantly more disinhibition. Part C: Autopsies did not reveal differences in AD neuropathology based on a history of TBI. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest, but do not establish, that TBI is a specific risk factor for EOAD and may lead to disinhibition, a feature that often results from the frontal effects of head injury. This study recommends further research on the effects of TBI in EOAD in larger numbers of participants.},
keywords = {*Alzheimer Disease/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Age of Onset, Alzheimer Disease/co [Complications], Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prevalence, Risk Factors, United States/ep [Epidemiology]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mayer, A R; Ling, J M; Dodd, A B; Gasparovic, C; Klimaj, S D; Meier, T B
A Longitudinal Assessment of Structural and Chemical Alterations in Mixed Martial Arts Fighters Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 32, no. 22, pp. 1759–1767, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Article, biological marker, Biomarkers, BRAIN chemistry, brain concussion, brain cortex, brain size, Cerebral Cortex, CHOLINE, clinical article, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, cortical thickness (brain), creatine, executive function, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, frontal gyrus, glutamic acid, glutamine, human, Humans, Injuries, inositol, Longitudinal, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, martial art, Martial Arts, Memory, middle aged, mixed martial art, n acetylaspartic acid, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, occipital cortex, pathology, posterior cingulate, psychology, repetitive injury, Spectroscopy, volumetrics, white matter, Young Adult
@article{Mayer2015b,
title = {A Longitudinal Assessment of Structural and Chemical Alterations in Mixed Martial Arts Fighters},
author = {Mayer, A R and Ling, J M and Dodd, A B and Gasparovic, C and Klimaj, S D and Meier, T B},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2014.3833},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {32},
number = {22},
pages = {1759--1767},
abstract = {Growing evidence suggests that temporally proximal acute concussions and repetitive subconcussive head injuries may lead to long-term neurological deficits. However, the underlying mechanisms of injury and their relative time-scales are not well documented in human injury models. The current study therefore investigated whether biomarkers of brain chemistry (magnetic resonance [MR] spectroscopy: N-acetylaspartate [NAA], combined glutamate and glutamine [Glx], total creatine [Cre], choline compounds [Cho], and myo-inositol [mI]) and structure (cortical thickness, white matter [WM]/subcortical volume) differed between mixed martial artists (MMA; n = 13) and matched healthy controls (HC) without a history of contact sport participation (HC; n = 14). A subset of participants (MMA = 9; HC = 10) returned for follow-up visits, with MMA (n = 3) with clinician-documented acute concussions also scanned serially. As expected, MMA self-reported a higher incidence of previous concussions and significantly more cognitive symptoms during prior concussion recovery. Fighters also exhibited reduced memory and processing speed relative to controls on neuropsychological testing coupled with cortical thinning in the left posterior cingulate gyrus and right occipital cortex at baseline assessment. Over a 1-year follow-up period, MMA experienced a significant decrease in both WM volume and NAA concentration, as well as relative thinning in the left middle and superior frontal gyri. These longitudinal changes did not correlate with self-reported metrics of injury (i.e., fight diary). In contrast, HC did not exhibit significant longitudinal changes over a 4-month follow-up period (p \> 0.05). Collectively, current results provide preliminary evidence of progressive changes in brain chemistry and structure over a relatively short time period in individuals with high exposure to repetitive head hits. These findings require replication in independent samples. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2015.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Article, biological marker, Biomarkers, BRAIN chemistry, brain concussion, brain cortex, brain size, Cerebral Cortex, CHOLINE, clinical article, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, cortical thickness (brain), creatine, executive function, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, frontal gyrus, glutamic acid, glutamine, human, Humans, Injuries, inositol, Longitudinal, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, martial art, Martial Arts, Memory, middle aged, mixed martial art, n acetylaspartic acid, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, occipital cortex, pathology, posterior cingulate, psychology, repetitive injury, Spectroscopy, volumetrics, white matter, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stein, T D; Montenigro, P H; Alvarez, V E; Xia, W; Crary, J F; Tripodis, Y; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Solomon, T; Meng, G; Kubilus, C A; Cormier, K A; Meng, S; Babcock, K; Kiernan, P; Murphy, L; Nowinski, C J; Martin, B; Dixon, D; Stern, R A; Cantu, R C; Kowall, N W; McKee, A C
Beta-amyloid deposition in chronic traumatic encephalopathy Journal Article
In: Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 130, no. 1, pp. 21–34, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Amyloid beta-Peptides/me [Metabolism], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pa [Pathology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides), 0 (Apolipoprotein E4), 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, adult, Age Factors, aged, Amyloid/et [Etiology], Amyloid/me [Metabolism], Amyloid/pa [Pathology], Apolipoprotein E4/ge [Genetics], Athletes, Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Athletic Injuries/ge [Genetics], Athletic Injuries/me [Metabolism], Athletic Injuries/pa [Pathology], Brain Injury, Brain/me [Metabolism], Chronic/ep [Epidemiology], Chronic/ge [Genetics], Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Cohort Studies, comorbidity, human), Humans, middle aged, Neurodegenerative Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Neurodegenerative Diseases/ge [Genetics], Neurodegenerative Diseases/me [Metabolism], Plaque, SEVERITY of illness index, veterans, War-Related Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], War-Related Injuries/ge [Genetics], War-Related Injuries/me [Metabolism], War-Related Injuries/pa [Pathology]
@article{Stein2015b,
title = {Beta-amyloid deposition in chronic traumatic encephalopathy},
author = {Stein, T D and Montenigro, P H and Alvarez, V E and Xia, W and Crary, J F and Tripodis, Y and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Solomon, T and Meng, G and Kubilus, C A and Cormier, K A and Meng, S and Babcock, K and Kiernan, P and Murphy, L and Nowinski, C J and Martin, B and Dixon, D and Stern, R A and Cantu, R C and Kowall, N W and McKee, A C},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Acta Neuropathologica},
volume = {130},
number = {1},
pages = {21--34},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. It is defined pathologically by the abnormal accumulation of tau in a unique pattern that is distinct from other tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although trauma has been suggested to increase amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) levels, the extent of Abeta deposition in CTE has not been thoroughly characterized. We studied a heterogeneous cohort of deceased athletes and military veterans with neuropathologically diagnosed CTE (n = 114, mean age at death = 60) to test the hypothesis that Abeta deposition is altered in CTE and associated with more severe pathology and worse clinical outcomes. We found that Abeta deposition, either as diffuse or neuritic plaques, was present in 52 % of CTE subjects. Moreover, Abeta deposition in CTE occurred at an accelerated rate and with altered dynamics in CTE compared to a normal aging population (OR = 3.8, p \< 0.001). We also found a clear pathological and clinical dichotomy between those CTE cases with Abeta plaques and those without. Abeta deposition was significantly associated with the presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele (p = 0.035), older age at symptom onset (p \< 0.001), and older age at death (p \< 0.001). In addition, when controlling for age, neuritic plaques were significantly associated with increased CTE tauopathy stage (beta = 2.43},
keywords = {*Amyloid beta-Peptides/me [Metabolism], *Brain Injury, *Brain/pa [Pathology], *Neurodegenerative Diseases/pa [Pathology], *tau Proteins/me [Metabolism], 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides), 0 (Apolipoprotein E4), 0 (MAPT protein, 0 (tau Proteins), 80 and over, adult, Age Factors, aged, Amyloid/et [Etiology], Amyloid/me [Metabolism], Amyloid/pa [Pathology], Apolipoprotein E4/ge [Genetics], Athletes, Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Athletic Injuries/ge [Genetics], Athletic Injuries/me [Metabolism], Athletic Injuries/pa [Pathology], Brain Injury, Brain/me [Metabolism], Chronic/ep [Epidemiology], Chronic/ge [Genetics], Chronic/me [Metabolism], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Cohort Studies, comorbidity, human), Humans, middle aged, Neurodegenerative Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Neurodegenerative Diseases/ge [Genetics], Neurodegenerative Diseases/me [Metabolism], Plaque, SEVERITY of illness index, veterans, War-Related Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], War-Related Injuries/ge [Genetics], War-Related Injuries/me [Metabolism], War-Related Injuries/pa [Pathology]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stone Jr., M E; Safadjou, S; Farber, B; Velazco, N; Man, J; Reddy, S H; Todor, R; Teperman, S
Utility of the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation as a screening tool for mild traumatic brain injury in a civilian trauma population Journal Article
In: Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 147–151, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, aged, Alcoholic Intoxication, amnesia, Article, assessment of humans, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion screening, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), controlled study, DATA analysis, Demography, diagnostic test accuracy study, Dizziness, emergency health service, Female, Head, headache, hospital admission, human, Humans, injury severity, irritability, major clinical study, Male, middle aged, mild traumatic brain injury, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, military medicine, nausea and vomiting, predictive value, priority journal, quality control, receiver operating characteristic, ROC Curve, screening test, Sensitivity and Specificity, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness, Urban Population, visual disorder, Young Adult
@article{StoneJr.2015,
title = {Utility of the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation as a screening tool for mild traumatic brain injury in a civilian trauma population},
author = {{Stone Jr.}, M E and Safadjou, S and Farber, B and Velazco, N and Man, J and Reddy, S H and Todor, R and Teperman, S},
doi = {10.1097/TA.0000000000000679},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery},
volume = {79},
number = {1},
pages = {147--151},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) constitutes 75% of more than 1.5 million traumatic brain injuries annually. There exists no consensus on point-of-care screening for mTBI. The Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) is a quick and easy test used by the US Army to screen for mTBI; however, its utility in civilian trauma is unclear. It has two parts: a history section and the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) score (0-30) previously validated in sports injury. As a performance improvement project, our institution sought to evaluate the MACE as a concussion screening tool that could be used by housestaff in a general civilian trauma population. METHODS: From June 2013 to May 2014, patients 18 years to 65 years old with suspected concussion were given the MACE within 72 hours of admission to our urban Level I trauma center. Patients with a positive head computed tomography were excluded. Demographic data and MACE scores were recorded in prospect. Concussion was defined as loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia; concussed patients were compared with those nonconcussed. Sensitivity and specificity for each respective MACE score were used to plot a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. An ROC curve area of 0.8 was set as the benchmark for a good screening test to distinguish concussion from nonconcussion. RESULTS: There were 84 concussions and 30 nonconcussed patients. Both groups were similar; however, the concussion group had a lower mean MACE score than the nonconcussed patients. Data analysis demonstrated the sensitivity and specificity of a range of MACE scores used to generate an ROC curve area of only 0.65. CONCLUSION: The MACE showed a lower mean score for individuals with concussion, defined by loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia. However, the ROC curve area of 0.65 highly suggests that MACE alone would be a poor screening test for mTBI in a general civilian trauma population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic study, level II. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, aged, Alcoholic Intoxication, amnesia, Article, assessment of humans, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion screening, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), controlled study, DATA analysis, Demography, diagnostic test accuracy study, Dizziness, emergency health service, Female, Head, headache, hospital admission, human, Humans, injury severity, irritability, major clinical study, Male, middle aged, mild traumatic brain injury, Military Acute Concussion Evaluation, military medicine, nausea and vomiting, predictive value, priority journal, quality control, receiver operating characteristic, ROC Curve, screening test, Sensitivity and Specificity, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness, Urban Population, visual disorder, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mitsis, E M; Riggio, S; Kostakoglu, L; Dickstein, D L; Machac, J; Delman, B; Goldstein, M; Jennings, D; D'Antonio, E; Martin, J; Naidich, T P; Aloysi, A; Fernandez, C; Seibyl, J; DeKosky, S T; Elder, G A; Marek, K; Gordon, W; Hof, P R; Sano, M; Gandy, S
In: Translational Psychiatry, vol. 4, no. 9, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, amyloid plaque, arachnoid cyst, Article, case report, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy florbetapir f 18, Concussion, diagnostic accuracy, eye movement, football, frontotemporal dementia, head injury, human, injury severity, ligand binding, Male, memory disorder, middle aged, molecular imaging, motor dysfunction, muscle tone, personality disorder, positron emission tomography, short term memory, subdural hematoma, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury
@article{Mitsis2014,
title = {Tauopathy PET and amyloid PET in the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathies: Studies of a retired NFL player and of a man with FTD and a severe head injury},
author = {Mitsis, E M and Riggio, S and Kostakoglu, L and Dickstein, D L and Machac, J and Delman, B and Goldstein, M and Jennings, D and D'Antonio, E and Martin, J and Naidich, T P and Aloysi, A and Fernandez, C and Seibyl, J and DeKosky, S T and Elder, G A and Marek, K and Gordon, W and Hof, P R and Sano, M and Gandy, S},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84918535750\&partnerID=40\&md5=704b918a7429432cbd631e703c44eb63},
doi = {10.1038/tp.2014.91},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Translational Psychiatry},
volume = {4},
number = {9},
abstract = {Single, severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) which elevates CNS amyloid, increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD); while repetitive concussive and subconcussive events as observed in athletes and military personnel, may increase the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). We describe two clinical cases, one with a history of multiple concussions during a career in the National Football League (NFL) and the second with frontotemporal dementia and a single, severe TBI. Both patients presented with cognitive decline and underwent [18F]-Florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for amyloid plaques; the retired NFL player also underwent [18F]-T807 PET imaging, a new ligand binding to tau, the main constituent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Case 1, the former NFL player, was 71 years old when he presented with memory impairment and a clinical profile highly similar to AD. [18F]-Florbetapir PET imaging was negative, essentially excluding AD as a diagnosis. CTE was suspected clinically, and [18F]-T807 PET imaging revealed striatal and nigral [18F]-T807 retention consistent with the presence of tauopathy. Case 2 was a 56- year-old man with personality changes and cognitive decline who had sustained a fall complicated by a subdural hematoma. At 1 year post injury, [18F]-Florbetapir PET imaging was negative for an AD pattern of amyloid accumulation in this subject. Focal [18F]- Florbetapir retention was noted at the site of impact. In case 1, amyloid imaging provided improved diagnostic accuracy where standard clinical and laboratory criteria were inadequate. In that same case, tau imaging with [18F]-T807 revealed a subcortical tauopathy that we interpret as a novel form of CTE with a distribution of tauopathy that mimics, to some extent, that of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), despite a clinical presentation of amnesia without any movement disorder complaints or signs. A key distinguishing feature is that our patient presented with hippocampal involvement, which is more frequently seen in CTE than in PSP. In case 2, focal [18F]-Florbetapir retention at the site of injury in an otherwise negative scan suggests focal amyloid aggregation. In each of these complex cases, a combination of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose, [18F]-Florbetapir and/or [18F]-T807 PET molecular imaging improved the accuracy of diagnosis and prevented inappropriate interventions. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited.},
keywords = {adult, aged, amyloid plaque, arachnoid cyst, Article, case report, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy florbetapir f 18, Concussion, diagnostic accuracy, eye movement, football, frontotemporal dementia, head injury, human, injury severity, ligand binding, Male, memory disorder, middle aged, molecular imaging, motor dysfunction, muscle tone, personality disorder, positron emission tomography, short term memory, subdural hematoma, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vent, J; Koenig, J; Hellmich, M; Huettenbrink, K B; Damm, M
Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis Journal Article
In: Brain Research, vol. 1320, pp. 1–6, 2010.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult
@article{Vent2010,
title = {Impact of recurrent head trauma on olfactory function in boxers: a matched pairs analysis},
author = {Vent, J and Koenig, J and Hellmich, M and Huettenbrink, K B and Damm, M},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Brain Research},
volume = {1320},
pages = {1--6},
abstract = {Recently, interest in the health of boxers has been raised by a petition of the British Medical Association to restrict boxing. However, scientific data on permanent damage are rare and typical localisations of injuries were yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in the sense of smell in people undergoing recurrent head traumas. The hypothesis to be tested was if boxers had a reduced olfactory function. We used a matched pairs analysis design. Fifty healthy, male athletes underwent subjective olfactometry using Sniffin'Sticks testing (including threshold, discrimination and identification, TDI). Nasal endoscopy was performed and a thorough, questionnaire-based history was obtained. These data were correlated with normative data from healthy subjects. Statistical analysis was based on matched pairs analysis by t-tests, i.e. boxers and healthy (non-boxing) subjects. Boxers showed a mean TDI score of 32.5 compared to 35.1 of non-boxing controls (p=0.003). The olfactory threshold (p\<0.001) and odour identification (p\<0.05) were significantly decreased in boxers; whereas odour discrimination was unaffected. Performance of odour identification showed a correlation with cushioning of the gloves (p\<0.05), and thus seems a protective measure regarding the sense of smell. Boxing seems to affect olfactory function, particularly by reducing the olfactory threshold. Furthermore, cushioning of the gloves can be protective and should be increased to safeguard sportsmen from physical damage. Boxing can serve as a model for central regeneration after trauma. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {*Athletes, *Boxing, *Craniocerebral Trauma/co [Complications], *Olfactory Perception, Adolescent, adult, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Olfaction Disorders/et [Etiology], PROTECTIVE clothing, Sensory Thresholds, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Thornton, A E; Cox, D N; Whitfield, K; Fouladi, R T
Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 398–409, 2008.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{Thornton2008a,
title = {Cumulative concussion exposure in rugby players: neurocognitive and symptomatic outcomes},
author = {Thornton, A E and Cox, D N and Whitfield, K and Fouladi, R T},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {398--409},
abstract = {A total of 111 rugby players underwent comprehensive testing to determine the impact of self-reported concussion exposure. Reliable estimates of concussion exposure were associated with an increase in postconcussion symptoms (PCS), but not diminished neurocognitive functioning. Importantly, the effects of concussion exposure on PCS varied as a function of player status. More specifically, extent of concussion exposure was associated with increased memory complaints and overall PCS endorsements in a dose-dependent manner for retired and older recreational players, but not for those who were younger and playing at more competitive levels. Future work should systematically evaluate the constituent participant factors that may influence differential concussion outcomes.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/co [Complications], *COGNITION, *Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], *Football/in [Injuries], adult, Age Factors, aged, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, REGRESSION analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chiu, W T; Huang, S J; Tsai, S H; Lin, J W; Tsai, M D; Lin, T J; Huang, W C
The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 930–935, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics & Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics & Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation & Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention & Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics & Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]
@article{Chiu2007,
title = {The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury},
author = {Chiu, W T and Huang, S J and Tsai, S H and Lin, J W and Tsai, M D and Lin, T J and Huang, W C},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
number = {10},
pages = {930--935},
abstract = {In 1991, a population-based epidemiologic traumatic brain injury (TBI) study was done in urban and rural areas of Taiwan; this was 5 years before the helmet use law was passed and 8 years before the drink driving law was passed. In order to evaluate the impact of three major determinants (time, geography, and legislation) on the epidemiology of TBI, we conducted a prospective study in 2001 and used the 1991 data to examine the differences in TBI distribution in urban and rural Taiwan a decade after these laws were passed. In 2001, 5754 TBI cases were collected from the urban area of Taipei City, and 1474 TBI cases were collected from the rural area of Hualien County. The TBI incidence rate in Taipei City in 2001 was estimated to be 218/100,000 population (285/100,000 for males and 152/100,000 for females). When compared to the 1991 data, the incidence rate in 2001 had increased by 20%. The TBI incidence rate in Hualien County in 2001 was estimated to be 417/100,000 population (516/100,000 for males and 306/100,000 for females); this was a 37% increase over the 1991 data. Our study found that the distribution of causes and age distribution had shifted significantly over the 10-year period. In 2001, the age group with the highest incidence was 20-29 years, while in 1991 it had been the over 70 years age group. While traffic-related TBI had decreased, falls and assaults had increased in 2001. We also found that legislation, such as the helmet law, affects TBI distribution by decreasing the traffic-related TBI rate, decreasing the admission severity of TBI, and reducing TBI-related mortality. Finally, geography plays a crucial role in the outcome of TBI; over the 10 year period, Taipei had an increase in moderately severe outcomes, while Hualien had an increase in more severe outcomes. Comparative studies of TBI in urban and rural areas have shown that time, legislation, and geography are crucial determinants of TBI epidemiology. Although time and legal interventions seem to have more of an impact, geography does affect TBI outcomes.},
keywords = {*Accidents, *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Legislation as Topic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical D, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], *Urban Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Accidents, adult, age distribution, aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Head Protective Devices/sn [Statistics \& Numerical, Head Protective Devices/st [Standards], Humans, Incidence, Legislation as Topic/td [Trends], Male, middle aged, Motorcycles/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence], Motorcycles/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Motorcycles/st [Standards], Prospective Studies, Rural Population/td [Trends], Sex Distribution, Taiwan/ep [Epidemiology], Time Factors, Traffic/lj [Legislation \& Jurisprudence, Traffic/pc [Prevention \& Control], Traffic/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Dat, Trauma Severity Indices, Urban Population/td [Trends]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
for Disease Control, Centers; Prevention,
Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries from sports and recreation activities--United States, 2001-2005 Journal Article
In: MMWR - Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 56, no. 29, pp. 733–737, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Adolescent, adult, Child, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Female, Humans, Incidence/Epidemiology, Infant, Male, middle aged, Population Surveillance, Preschool, recreation, United States/ep [Epidemiology]
@article{CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention2007,
title = {Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries from sports and recreation activities--United States, 2001-2005},
author = {{Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {MMWR - Morbidity \& Mortality Weekly Report},
volume = {56},
number = {29},
pages = {733--737},
abstract = {Each year in the United States, an estimated 38 million children and adolescents participate in organized sports, and approximately 170 million adults participate in some type of physical activity not related to work. The health benefits of these activities are tempered by the risk for injury, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). CDC estimates that 1.1 million persons with TBIs are treated and released from U.S. hospital emergency departments (EDs) each year, and an additional 235,000 are hospitalized for these injuries. TBIs can result in long-term, negative health effects (e.g., memory loss and behavioral changes). To characterize sports- and recreation-related (SR-related) TBIs among patients treated in U.S. hospital EDs, CDC analyzed data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System--All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) for the period 2001-2005. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that an estimated 207,830 patients with nonfatal SR-related TBIs were treated in EDs each year during this period. The highest rates of SR-related TBI ED visits for both males and females occurred among those aged 10-14 years. Increased awareness of TBI risks, prevention strategies, and the importance of timely identification and management is essential for reducing the incidence, severity, and long-term negative health effects of this type of injury.},
keywords = {*Athletic Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], *Brain Injuries/ep [Epidemiology], Adolescent, adult, Child, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Female, Humans, Incidence/Epidemiology, Infant, Male, middle aged, Population Surveillance, Preschool, recreation, United States/ep [Epidemiology]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Butcher, I; McHugh, G S; Lu, J; Steyerberg, E W; Hernandez, A V; Mushkudiani, N; Maas, A I; Marmarou, A; Murray, G D
Prognostic value of cause of injury in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 281–286, 2007.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/et [Etiology], Accidents, adult, Age Factors, Athletic Injuries/co [Complications], Athletic Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Databases, Factual, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, violence
@article{Butcher2007,
title = {Prognostic value of cause of injury in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study},
author = {Butcher, I and McHugh, G S and Lu, J and Steyerberg, E W and Hernandez, A V and Mushkudiani, N and Maas, A I and Marmarou, A and Murray, G D},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {24},
number = {2},
pages = {281--286},
abstract = {We aimed to describe and quantify the relationship between cause of injury and final outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Individual patient data (N = 8708) from eight therapeutic Phase III randomized clinical trials in moderate or severe TBI, and three TBI surveys were used to investigate the relationship between cause of injury and outcome, as assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 6 months. Proportional odds methodology was applied to quantify the strength of the association and expressed as an odds ratio in a meta-analysis. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed and associations with other predictive factors explored. In a univariate analysis, a strong association between the cause of injury and long-term outcome in moderate to severe TBI patients was observed, with consistent results across the studies. Road traffic accidents (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.60-0.73), assaults (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.52-0.84), and injuries sustained during sporting or recreational activities (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.71) were all associated with better outcomes than the reference category of falls. Falls were found to be associated with an older age and with a higher incidence of mass lesions. Following adjustment for age in the analysis, the relationship between cause of injury and outcome was lost.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Brain Injuries/et [Etiology], Accidents, adult, Age Factors, Athletic Injuries/co [Complications], Athletic Injuries/di [Diagnosis], Databases, Factual, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, violence},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Falconer, E K; Geffen, G M; Olsen, S L; McFarland, K
The rapid screen of concussion: an evaluation of the non-word repetition test for use in mTBI research Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 1251–1263, 2006.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Mass Screening/mt [Methods], *Neuropsychological Tests, Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, middle aged, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Verbal Learning
@article{Falconer2006,
title = {The rapid screen of concussion: an evaluation of the non-word repetition test for use in mTBI research},
author = {Falconer, E K and Geffen, G M and Olsen, S L and McFarland, K},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {20},
number = {12},
pages = {1251--1263},
abstract = {PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: (1) To investigate the Nonword Repetition test (NWR) as an index of sub-vocal rehearsal deficits after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI); (2) to assess the reliability, validity and sensitivity of the NWR; and (3) to compare the NWR to more sensitive tests of verbal memory. RESEARCH DESIGN: An independent groups design. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Study 1 administered the NWR to 46 mTBI and 61 uninjured controls with the Rapid Screen of Concussion (RSC). Study 2 compared mTBI, orthopaedic and uninjured participants on the NWR and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R). MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The NWR did not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the RSC. However, it is reliable and indexes sub-vocal rehearsal speed. These findings provide evidence that although the current form of the NWR lacks sensitivity to the impact of mTBI, the development of a more sensitive test of sub-vocal rehearsal deficits following mTBI is warranted.},
keywords = {*Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Mass Screening/mt [Methods], *Neuropsychological Tests, Adolescent, adult, Brain Concussion/et [Etiology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injuries/px [Psychology], Female, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, middle aged, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Verbal Learning},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Chetelat, G; Eustache, F; Viader, F; De La Sayette, V; Pelerin, A; Mezenge, F; Hannequin, D; Dupuy, B; Baron, J C; Desgranges, B
FDG-PET measurement is more accurate than neuropsychological assessments to predict global cognitive deterioration in patients with mild cognitive impairment Journal Article
In: Neurocase, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 14–25, 2005.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Cognition Disorders/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, *Neuropsychological Tests, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18), 80 and over, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Brain Concussion/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], BRAIN mapping, Cognition Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Dementia/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/pp [Physiopathology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Memory/ph [Physiology], Mental Status Schedule, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Regression (Psychology), Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors
@article{Chetelat2005,
title = {FDG-PET measurement is more accurate than neuropsychological assessments to predict global cognitive deterioration in patients with mild cognitive impairment},
author = {Chetelat, G and Eustache, F and Viader, F and {De La Sayette}, V and Pelerin, A and Mezenge, F and Hannequin, D and Dupuy, B and Baron, J C and Desgranges, B},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
journal = {Neurocase},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {14--25},
abstract = {The accurate prediction, at a pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), of the subsequent clinical evolution of patients would be a major breakthrough from both therapeutic and research standpoints. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is presently the most common reference to address the pre-dementia stage of AD. However, previous longitudinal studies on patients with MCI assessing neuropsychological and PET markers of future conversion to AD are sparse and yield discrepant findings, while a comprehensive comparison of the relative accuracy of these two categories of measure is still lacking. In the present study, we assessed the global cognitive decline as measured by the Mattis scale in 18 patients with amnestic MCI over an 18-month follow-up period, studying which subtest of this scale showed significant deterioration over time. Using baseline measurements from neuropsychological evaluation of memory and PET, we then assessed significant markers of global cognitive change, that is, percent annual change in the Mattis scale total score, and searched for the best predictor of this global cognitive decline. Altogether, our results revealed significant decline over the 18-month follow-up period in the total score and the verbal initiation and memory-recall subscores of the Mattis scale. The percent annual change in the total Mattis score significantly correlated with age and baseline performances in delayed episodic memory recall as well as semantic autobiographical and category word fluencies. Regarding functional imaging, significant correlations were also found with baseline PET values in the right temporo-parietal and medial frontal areas. Age and right temporo-parietal PET values were the most significant predictors of subsequent global cognitive decline, and the only ones to survive stepwise regression analyses. Our findings are consistent with previous works showing predominant delayed recall and semantic memory impairment at a pre-dementia stage of AD, as well as early metabolic defects in the temporo-parietal associative cortex. However, they suggest that only the latter predictor is specifically and accurately associated with subsequent cognitive decline in patients with MCI within 18 months of first assessment.},
keywords = {*Cognition Disorders/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, *Neuropsychological Tests, *Positron-Emission Tomography, 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18), 80 and over, aged, ANALYSIS of variance, Brain Concussion/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Brain Concussion/pa [Pathology], BRAIN mapping, Cognition Disorders/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/dg [Diagnostic Imaging], Dementia/di [Diagnosis], Dementia/pp [Physiopathology], Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Memory/ph [Physiology], Mental Status Schedule, middle aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Regression (Psychology), Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
De Monte, V E; Geffen, G M; May, C R; McFarland, K; Heath, P; Neralic, M
The acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury on finger tapping with and without word repetition Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 224–239, 2005.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Fingers/pp [Physiopathology], *Psychomotor Performance/ph [Physiology], *Verbal Learning/ph [Physiology], Adolescent, adult, Demography, Discrimination (Psychology)/ph [Physiology], Female, Fingers/ir [Innervation], Glasgow Coma Scale, Hand Deformities/pp [Physiopathology], Humans, Male, Mental Recall/ph [Physiology], middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests/sn [Statistics & Numerica, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex Factors, Task Performance and Analysis, Word Association Tests/sn [Statistics & Numerical
@article{DeMonte2005,
title = {The acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury on finger tapping with and without word repetition},
author = {{De Monte}, V E and Geffen, G M and May, C R and McFarland, K and Heath, P and Neralic, M},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {224--239},
abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) on the performance of a finger tapping and word repetition dual task in order to determine working memory impairment in mTBI. Sixty-four (50 male, 14 female) right-handed cases of mTBI and 26 (18 male and 8 female) right-handed cases of orthopaedic injuries were tested within 24 hours of injury. Patients with mTBI completed fewer correct taps in 10 seconds than patients with orthopaedic injuries, and female mTBI cases repeated fewer words. The size of the dual task decrement did not vary between groups. When added to a test battery including the Rapid Screen of Concussion (RSC; Comerford, Geffen, May, Medland \& Geffen, 2002) and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, finger tapping speed accounted for 1% of between groups variance and did not improve classification rates of male participants. While the addition of tapping rate did not improve the sensitivity and specificity of the RSC and DSST to mTBI in males, univariate analysis of motor performance in females indicated that dual task performance might be diagnostic. An increase in female sample size is warranted. These results confirm the view that there is a generalized slowing of processing ability following mTBI.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Fingers/pp [Physiopathology], *Psychomotor Performance/ph [Physiology], *Verbal Learning/ph [Physiology], Adolescent, adult, Demography, Discrimination (Psychology)/ph [Physiology], Female, Fingers/ir [Innervation], Glasgow Coma Scale, Hand Deformities/pp [Physiopathology], Humans, Male, Mental Recall/ph [Physiology], middle aged, Neuropsychological Tests/sn [Statistics \& Numerica, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex Factors, Task Performance and Analysis, Word Association Tests/sn [Statistics \& Numerical},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bigler, E D; Rosa, L; Schultz, F; Hall, S; Harris, J
Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Design performance in Alzheimer's disease and closed head injury.[Erratum appears in J Clin Psychol 1989 Nov;45(6):1013] Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 277–280, 1989.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], *Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], *Form Perception, *MEMORY, *Mental Recall, *Neurocognitive Disorders/px [Psychology], *Neuropsychological Tests, *Pattern Recognition, *Verbal Learning, 80 and over, adult, aged, attention, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Psychometrics, SPEECH perception, Visual
@article{Bigler1989,
title = {Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Design performance in Alzheimer's disease and closed head injury.[Erratum appears in J Clin Psychol 1989 Nov;45(6):1013]},
author = {Bigler, E D and Rosa, L and Schultz, F and Hall, S and Harris, J},
year = {1989},
date = {1989-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychology},
volume = {45},
number = {2},
pages = {277--280},
abstract = {Performance on the Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning (R-AVL) and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Design (R-O CFD) tests was examined in patients (N = 94) with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and closed head injury (CHI). On the R-AVL, DAT patients demonstrated considerably greater impairment than CHI patients, along with a flat learning/retention curve that showed negligible improvement with repeated trials, recency effects only, and an excessive number of word intrusions (confabulation) on the recognition trial. CHI patients demonstrated both a recency and primacy effect along with improvement over repeated trials (positive slope learning curve). Both groups demonstrated impairment R-O CFD recall; the DAT group again displayed substantially greater copying and recall deficits. Clinical guidelines are given for the use of the R-AVL and R-O CFD for these two patient populations.},
keywords = {*Alzheimer Disease/px [Psychology], *Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], *Form Perception, *MEMORY, *Mental Recall, *Neurocognitive Disorders/px [Psychology], *Neuropsychological Tests, *Pattern Recognition, *Verbal Learning, 80 and over, adult, aged, attention, Female, Humans, Male, middle aged, Psychometrics, SPEECH perception, Visual},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Heinrichs, R W; Celinski, M J
Frequency of occurrence of a WAIS dementia profile in male head trauma patients Journal Article
In: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 187–190, 1987.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Dementia/di [Diagnosis], *Wechsler Scales, adult, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Cerebral Hemorrhage/di [Diagnosis], Humans, middle aged, Psychometrics
@article{Heinrichs1987,
title = {Frequency of occurrence of a WAIS dementia profile in male head trauma patients},
author = {Heinrichs, R W and Celinski, M J},
year = {1987},
date = {1987-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Clinical \& Experimental Neuropsychology},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {187--190},
abstract = {This study investigated Fuld's (1983) contention that a WAIS dementia profile occurs infrequently in conditions other than Alzheimer's Disease. A sample of 50 male head trauma patients was examined for incidence of the profile. The WAIS profile occurred in five cases (10%) of the patients. This compares favourably with the figures reported for patients with multiple infarcts and is consistent with Fuld's position.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/di [Diagnosis], *Dementia/di [Diagnosis], *Wechsler Scales, adult, Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], Cerebral Hemorrhage/di [Diagnosis], Humans, middle aged, Psychometrics},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}