Mihalik, J P; Lynall, R C; Wasserman, E B; Guskiewicz, K M; Marshall, S W
Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help? Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 247–253, 2017.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Biomechanics, Brain Injury, Concussion, sport injury
@article{Mihalik2017,
title = {Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help?},
author = {Mihalik, J P and Lynall, R C and Wasserman, E B and Guskiewicz, K M and Marshall, S W},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001089},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {49},
number = {2},
pages = {247--253},
abstract = {Purpose This study aimed to determine the clinical utility of biomechanical head impact indicators by measuring the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PV+), and negative predictive value (PV-) of multiple thresholds. Methods Head impact biomechanics (n = 283,348) from 185 football players in one Division I program were collected. A multidisciplinary clinical team independently made concussion diagnoses (n = 24). We dichotomized each impact using diagnosis (yes = 24},
keywords = {Biomechanics, Brain Injury, Concussion, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keays, G; Friedman, D; Gagnon, I
A 20-Year Comparison of Football-Related Injuries in American and Canadian Youth Aged 6 to 17 Years: A replication study Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 603–613, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, American, Article, CANADA, Canadian, Child, children, Concussion, dislocation, emergency care, Female, football, head injury, human, Injuries, major clinical study, Male, replication study, retrospective study, skull fracture, spine fracture, sport injury, Sports, sprain, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States
@article{Keays2016,
title = {A 20-Year Comparison of Football-Related Injuries in American and Canadian Youth Aged 6 to 17 Years: A replication study},
author = {Keays, G and Friedman, D and Gagnon, I},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815602631},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {55},
number = {7},
pages = {603--613},
abstract = {Introduction. Little is known about Canadian youth football injuries. The objectives of this study were (a) to contrast the injuries in Canadian and American football players aged 6 to 17 years and (b) compare the injuries sustained during organized football with those in nonorganized football. Methods. Using a retrospective cohort design based on data from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program and the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System a comparison of injuries was made. Results. Trends in injuries were comparable. Proportions and odds of injuries were similar, except for a few exceptions. In Canada, more girls were injured and fractures were more prevalent. Compared with nonorganized football, organized football players were older, involved more males, and suffered more traumatic brain injuries and injuries to their lower extremities. Conclusion. Canadian and American youth football injuries were similar. The type of football, be it organized or nonorganized, has an impact on injuries. © 2016 The Author(s).},
keywords = {Adolescent, American, Article, CANADA, Canadian, Child, children, Concussion, dislocation, emergency care, Female, football, head injury, human, Injuries, major clinical study, Male, replication study, retrospective study, skull fracture, spine fracture, sport injury, Sports, sprain, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gregory, A; Kerr, Z; Parsons, J
Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician: A consensus statement Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 48–59, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accident prevention, Article, athlete, cervical spine injury, commotio cordis, Concussion, consultation, coronary artery anomaly, documentation, elbow injury, head and neck injury, heart right ventricle dysplasia, heat injury, human, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, knowledge, patellofemoral pain syndrome, physician, risk factor, shoulder injury, skin infection, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, total quality management
@article{Gregory2016,
title = {Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician: A consensus statement},
author = {Gregory, A and Kerr, Z and Parsons, J},
doi = {10.1249/JSR.0000000000000231},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {48--59},
abstract = {This document provides an overview of selected medical issues that are important to team physicians who are responsible for the care and treatment of athletes. It is not intended as a standard of care, and should not be interpreted as such. This document is only a guide, and as such, is of a general nature, consistent with the reasonable, objective practice of the health care profession. Adequate insurance should be in place to help protect the physician, the athlete, and the sponsoring organization. This statement was developed by a collaboration of sixmajor professional associations concerned about clinical sports medicine issues. They have committed to forming an ongoing project-based alliance to bring together sports medicine organizations to best serve active people and athletes. The organizations are the American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, and the American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine. Copyright © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Accident prevention, Article, athlete, cervical spine injury, commotio cordis, Concussion, consultation, coronary artery anomaly, documentation, elbow injury, head and neck injury, heart right ventricle dysplasia, heat injury, human, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, knowledge, patellofemoral pain syndrome, physician, risk factor, shoulder injury, skin infection, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, total quality management},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keener, A B
Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma Journal Article
In: Nature Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 326–329, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling
@article{Keener2016,
title = {Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma},
author = {Keener, A B},
doi = {10.1038/nm0416-326},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {326--329},
keywords = {amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Papa, L; Brophy, G M; Welch, R D; Lewis, L M; Braga, C F; Tan, C N; Ameli, N J; Lopez, M A; Haeussler, C A; Mendez Giordano, D I; Silvestri, S; Giordano, P; Weber, K D; Hill-Pryor, C; Hack, D C
In: JAMA Neurology, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 551–560, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, American Indian, amnesia, area under the curve, Article, Asian, assault, bicycle, Black person, blood sampling, blunt trauma, brain concussion, Caucasian, cohort analysis, computer assisted tomography, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic test accuracy study, disorientation, emergency ward, falling, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, glial fibrillary acidic protein, Hispanic, human, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, major clinical study, Male, mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, neurosurgery, pedestrian, priority journal, prospective study, sport injury, traffic accident, traumatic brain injury, traumatic intracranial lesion, ubiquitin, ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1, unclassified drug, unconsciousness, very elderly
@article{Papa2016a,
title = {Time course and diagnostic accuracy of glial and neuronal blood biomarkers GFAP and UCH-L1 in a large cohort of trauma patients with and without mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {Papa, L and Brophy, G M and Welch, R D and Lewis, L M and Braga, C F and Tan, C N and Ameli, N J and Lopez, M A and Haeussler, C A and {Mendez Giordano}, D I and Silvestri, S and Giordano, P and Weber, K D and Hill-Pryor, C and Hack, D C},
doi = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0039},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {JAMA Neurology},
volume = {73},
number = {5},
pages = {551--560},
abstract = {Importance: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have been widely studied and show promise for clinical usefulness in suspected traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussion. Understanding their diagnostic accuracy over time will help translate them into clinical practice. Objectives: To evaluate the temporal profiles of GFAP and UCH-L1 in a large cohort of trauma patients seen at the emergency department and to assess their diagnostic accuracy over time, both individually and in combination, for detecting mild to moderate TBI (MMTBI), traumatic intracranial lesions on head computed tomography (CT), and neurosurgical intervention. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study enrolled adult trauma patients seen at a level I trauma center from March 1, 2010, to March 5, 2014. All patients underwent rigorous screening to determine whether they had experienced an MMTBI (blunt head trauma with loss of consciousness, amnesia, or disorientation and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 9-15). Of 3025 trauma patients assessed, 1030 met eligibility criteria for enrollment, and 446 declined participation. Initial blood samples were obtained in 584 patients enrolled within 4 hours of injury. Repeated blood sampling was conducted at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, and 180 hours after injury. Main Outcomes and Measures: Diagnosis of MMTBI, presence of traumatic intracranial lesions on head CT scan, and neurosurgical intervention. Results: A total of 1831 blood samples were drawn from 584 patients (mean [SD] age, 40 [16] years; 62.0%[362 of 584] male) over 7 days. Both GFAP and UCH-L1 were detectible within 1 hour of injury. GFAP peaked at 20 hours after injury and slowly declined over 72 hours. UCH-L1 rose rapidly and peaked at 8 hours after injury and declined rapidly over 48 hours. Over the course of 1 week, GFAP demonstrated a diagnostic range of areas under the curve for detecting MMTBI of 0.73 (95%CI, 0.69-0.77) to 0.94 (95%CI, 0.78-1.00), and UCH-L1 demonstrated a diagnostic range of 0.30 (95%CI, 0.02-0.50) to 0.67 (95%CI, 0.53-0.81). For detecting intracranial lesions on CT, the diagnostic ranges of areas under the curve were 0.80 (95%CI, 0.67-0.92) to 0.97 (95%CI, 0.93-1.00)for GFAP and 0.31 (95%CI, 0-0.63) to 0.77 (95%CI, 0.68-0.85) for UCH-L1. For distinguishing patients with and without a neurosurgical intervention, the range for GFAP was 0.91 (95%CI, 0.79-1.00) to 1.00 (95% CI, 1.00-1.00), and the range for UCH-L1 was 0.50 (95%CI, 0-1.00) to 0.92 (95%CI, 0.83-1.00). Conclusions and Relevance: GFAP performed consistently in detecting MMTBI, CT lesions, and neurosurgical intervention across 7 days. UCH-L1 performed best in the early postinjury period. © Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, aged, American Indian, amnesia, area under the curve, Article, Asian, assault, bicycle, Black person, blood sampling, blunt trauma, brain concussion, Caucasian, cohort analysis, computer assisted tomography, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic test accuracy study, disorientation, emergency ward, falling, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, glial fibrillary acidic protein, Hispanic, human, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, major clinical study, Male, mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, neurosurgery, pedestrian, priority journal, prospective study, sport injury, traffic accident, traumatic brain injury, traumatic intracranial lesion, ubiquitin, ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1, unclassified drug, unconsciousness, very elderly},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Terwilliger, V K; Pratson, L; Vaughan, C G; Gioia, G A
Additional Post-Concussion Impact Exposure May Affect Recovery in Adolescent Athletes Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 761–765, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, Brain Injury, clinical article, Concussion, controlled study, CONVALESCENCE, Female, human, Male, mTBI, Parent, postconcussion syndrome, retrospective study, risk factor, sport injury
@article{Terwilliger2016,
title = {Additional Post-Concussion Impact Exposure May Affect Recovery in Adolescent Athletes},
author = {Terwilliger, V K and Pratson, L and Vaughan, C G and Gioia, G A},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4082},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {8},
pages = {761--765},
abstract = {Repeat concussion has been associated with risk for prolonged and pronounced clinical recovery in athletes. In this study of adolescent athletes, we examined whether an additional head impact within 24 h of a sports-related concussion (SRC) is associated with higher symptom burden and prolonged clinical recovery compared with a single-injury group. Forty-two student-athletes (52% male, mean age = 14.9 years) diagnosed with an SRC in a concussion clinic were selected for this study: (1) 21 athletes who sustained an additional significant head impact within 24 h of the initial injury (additional-impact group); (2) 21 single-injury athletes, age and gender matched, who sustained only one discrete concussive blow to the head (single-injury group). Groups did not differ on initial injury characteristics or pre-injury risk factors. The effect of injury status (single-vs. additional-impact) was examined on athlete-and parent-reported symptom burden (at first clinic visit) and length of recovery (LOR). Higher symptom burden was reported by the athletes and parents in the additional-impact group at the time of first visit. The additional-impact group also had a significantly longer LOR compared with the single-injury group. These findings provide preliminary, hypothesis-generating evidence for the importance of immediate removal from play following an SRC to protect athletes from re-injury, which may worsen symptoms and prolong recovery. The retrospective study design from a specialized clinical sample points to the need for future prospective studies of the relationship between single-and additional-impact injuries on symptom burden and LOR. © 2016 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
keywords = {Adolescent, Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, Brain Injury, clinical article, Concussion, controlled study, CONVALESCENCE, Female, human, Male, mTBI, Parent, postconcussion syndrome, retrospective study, risk factor, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Talavage, T M; Nauman, E A; Leverenz, L J
The role of medical imaging in the recharacterization of mild traumatic brain injury using youth sports as a laboratory Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Neurology, vol. 6, no. JAN, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, cognition assessment, Concussion, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, Functional MRI, human, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, neuromonitoring, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Patient monitoring, population risk, prediction, protective equipment, sport injury, Subconcussive, traumatic brain injury, validation process
@article{Talavage2016,
title = {The role of medical imaging in the recharacterization of mild traumatic brain injury using youth sports as a laboratory},
author = {Talavage, T M and Nauman, E A and Leverenz, L J},
doi = {10.3389/fneur.2015.00273},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
volume = {6},
number = {JAN},
abstract = {The short- and long-term impact of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasingly vital concern for both military and civilian personnel. Such injuries produce significant social and financial burdens and necessitate improved diagnostic and treatment methods. Recent integration of neuroimaging and biomechanical studies in youth collision-sport athletes has revealed that significant alterations in brain structure and function occur even in the absence of traditional clinical markers of "concussion." While task performance is maintained, athletes exposed to repetitive head accelerations exhibit structural changes to the underlying white matter, altered glial cell metabolism, aberrant vascular response, and marked changes in functional network behavior. Moreover, these changes accumulate with accrued years of exposure, suggesting a cumulative trauma mechanism that may culminate in categorization as "concussion" and long-term neurological deficits. The goal of this review is to elucidate the role of medical imaging in recharacterizing TBI, as a whole, to better identify at-risk individuals and improve the development of preventative and interventional approaches. © 2016 Talavage, Nauman and Leverenz.},
keywords = {Article, cognition assessment, Concussion, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, Functional MRI, human, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, neuromonitoring, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Patient monitoring, population risk, prediction, protective equipment, sport injury, Subconcussive, traumatic brain injury, validation process},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Arya, V; Chigurupati, R
Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle Journal Article
In: Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 569–581, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accidents, age, Age Factors, algorithm, ALGORITHMS, Article, assault, brain concussion, brain hematoma, Brain Injuries, clinical protocol, Clinical Protocols, condylar intrusion injury, contusion, Cranial Fossa, DECISION making, Dislocations, Early Diagnosis, facial nerve paralysis, falling, fracture reduction, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Injuries, intermethod comparison, jaw disease, laceration, liquorrhea, mandible condyle, mandible fracture, Mandibular Condyle, Mandibular Fractures, Middle, middle cranial fossa, occupational accident, open reduction, sex difference, soft tissue injury, sport injury, Systematic Review, Traffic, traffic accident
@article{Arya2016,
title = {Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle},
author = {Arya, V and Chigurupati, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.joms.2015.09.033},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Oral \& Maxillofacial Surgery},
volume = {74},
number = {3},
pages = {569--581},
abstract = {Purpose Traumatic injuries of the mandible resulting in intrusion of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa are rare and treatment is often based on anecdotal experience. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm for the management of condylar intrusion injuries by identifying factors that influenced the treatment decision of closed versus open reduction of the condyle. Materials and Methods This study was a systematic review of the literature on intracranial intrusion injuries of the mandibular condyle. A thorough search of the PubMed and Cochrane databases and individual maxillofacial and craniofacial journal databases was conducted using the Medical Subject Heading terms condylar impaction, condylar dislocation, condylar intrusion, and middle cranial fossa and condyle without date and language restriction. Quantitative data on the patient's age, gender, etiology of injury, and time from injury to diagnosis were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The authors studied how the predictor variables of age, etiology, time from injury to diagnosis, and associated neurologic injuries influenced the outcome variable of closed versus open reduction of the condyle. Results Forty-eight of the 62 retrieved case reports, case series, and review articles were published in the English-language literature from 1963 to 2015. Data on 51 patients with these injuries showed that 38 (75%) were female and younger than 30 years. The most common etiology of injury was motor vehicular accidents, occurring in 25 of 51 patients (49%). The mean time from injury to diagnosis was 31.2 days (0 to 106.4 days). Forty of the 51 patients (78%) were diagnosed within the first 2 weeks of injury. A good proportion of patients underwent open reduction (63%) and 18 of the 51 of patients (35%) underwent closed reduction. Conclusions Predictor variables that influenced the treatment decision of open versus closed reduction were age of the patient, etiology of injury, and time from injury to diagnosis. Based on the present results, younger patients (0 to 15 yr old), patients who sustain condylar intrusion injuries from bicycle accidents, and those diagnosed within the first 2 weeks of injury are more likely to benefit from closed reduction. The treatment algorithm emphasizes the importance of assessment of associated neurologic injuries and an interdisciplinary approach for the management of these injuries. © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.},
keywords = {Accidents, age, Age Factors, algorithm, ALGORITHMS, Article, assault, brain concussion, brain hematoma, Brain Injuries, clinical protocol, Clinical Protocols, condylar intrusion injury, contusion, Cranial Fossa, DECISION making, Dislocations, Early Diagnosis, facial nerve paralysis, falling, fracture reduction, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Injuries, intermethod comparison, jaw disease, laceration, liquorrhea, mandible condyle, mandible fracture, Mandibular Condyle, Mandibular Fractures, Middle, middle cranial fossa, occupational accident, open reduction, sex difference, soft tissue injury, sport injury, Systematic Review, Traffic, traffic accident},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moon, K; Theodore, N
Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: How Much Evidence Actually Exists? Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 89, pp. 720–721, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Alzheimer disease, amyloid beta protein, amyloid plaque, anxiety disorder, apolipoprotein E, Article, behavior disorder, Boxing, brain atrophy, brain concussion, brain degeneration, chronic disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, cognitive defect, degenerative disease, depression, environmental factor, football, frontotemporal dementia, genetic predisposition, genetic risk, genetic susceptibility, human, motor control, Neuroanatomy, opiate addiction, Parkinson disease, protein phosphorylation, scar formation, septum pellucidum, sport injury, substantia nigra, suicide, TAR DNA binding protein, tau protein, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury
@article{Moon2016,
title = {Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: How Much Evidence Actually Exists?},
author = {Moon, K and Theodore, N},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.073},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {89},
pages = {720--721},
keywords = {Alzheimer disease, amyloid beta protein, amyloid plaque, anxiety disorder, apolipoprotein E, Article, behavior disorder, Boxing, brain atrophy, brain concussion, brain degeneration, chronic disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, cognitive defect, degenerative disease, depression, environmental factor, football, frontotemporal dementia, genetic predisposition, genetic risk, genetic susceptibility, human, motor control, Neuroanatomy, opiate addiction, Parkinson disease, protein phosphorylation, scar formation, septum pellucidum, sport injury, substantia nigra, suicide, TAR DNA binding protein, tau protein, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Laker, S R; Meron, A; Greher, M R; Wilson, J
Retirement and Activity Restrictions Following Concussion Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 487–501, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Activity restrictions, athlete, attention deficit disorder, brain concussion, Concussion, CONVALESCENCE, depression, human, learning disorder, migraine, neuropsychological test, nonhuman, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, postconcussion syndrome, practice guideline, priority journal, Retirement, return to sport, Review, risk factor, sleep disorder, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, symptom, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness
@article{Laker2016,
title = {Retirement and Activity Restrictions Following Concussion},
author = {Laker, S R and Meron, A and Greher, M R and Wilson, J},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2016.01.001},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {487--501},
keywords = {Activity restrictions, athlete, attention deficit disorder, brain concussion, Concussion, CONVALESCENCE, depression, human, learning disorder, migraine, neuropsychological test, nonhuman, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, postconcussion syndrome, practice guideline, priority journal, Retirement, return to sport, Review, risk factor, sleep disorder, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, symptom, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Patton, D A; McIntosh, A S; Kleiven, S
In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 264–268, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, Biomechanics, brain, Brain Injury, brain region, clinical article, Concussion, corpus callosum, Damage detection, evaluation study, finite element analysis, Finite element head models, Finite element method, Finite element simulations, football, gray matter, Head Injuries, head injury, human, Intra-cranial pressure, intracranial pressure, investigative procedures, Maximum principal strain, mesencephalon, Modeling, Models, Numerical reconstruction, Qualitative observations, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Strain and strain rates, Strain rate, Stress, thalamus, Tissue, tissue level
@article{Patton2015,
title = {The biomechanical determinants of concussion: Finite element simulations to investigate tissue-level predictors of injury during sporting impacts to the unprotected head},
author = {Patton, D A and McIntosh, A S and Kleiven, S},
doi = {10.1123/jab.2014-0223},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Biomechanics},
volume = {31},
number = {4},
pages = {264--268},
abstract = {Biomechanical studies of concussions have progressed from qualitative observations of head impacts to physical and numerical reconstructions, direct impact measurements, and finite element analyses. Supplementary to a previous study, which investigated maximum principal strain, the current study used a detailed finite element head model to simulate unhelmeted concussion and no-injury head impacts and evaluate the effectiveness of various tissue-level brain injury predictors: strain rate, product of strain and strain rate, cumulative strain damage measure, von Mises stress, and intracranial pressure. Von Mises stress was found to be the most effective predictor of concussion. It was also found that the thalamus and corpus callosum were brain regions with strong associations with concussion. Tentative tolerance limits for tissue-level predictors were proposed in an attempt to broaden the understanding of unhelmeted concussions. For the thalamus, tolerance limits were proposed for a 50% likelihood of concussion: 2.24 kPa, 24.0 s-1, and 2.49 s-1 for von Mises stress, strain rate, and the product of strain and strain rate, respectively. For the corpus callosum, tolerance limits were proposed for a 50% likelihood of concussion: 3.51 kPa, 25.1 s-1, and 2.76 s-1 for von Mises stress, strain rate, and the product of strain and strain rate, respectively. © 2015 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
keywords = {Article, Biomechanics, brain, Brain Injury, brain region, clinical article, Concussion, corpus callosum, Damage detection, evaluation study, finite element analysis, Finite element head models, Finite element method, Finite element simulations, football, gray matter, Head Injuries, head injury, human, Intra-cranial pressure, intracranial pressure, investigative procedures, Maximum principal strain, mesencephalon, Modeling, Models, Numerical reconstruction, Qualitative observations, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Strain and strain rates, Strain rate, Stress, thalamus, Tissue, tissue level},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Davis, G A; Thurairatnam, S; Feleggakis, P; Anderson, V; Bressan, S; Babl, F E
HeadCheck: A concussion app Journal Article
In: Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 830–831, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, algorithm, Athletic Injuries, Australia, brain concussion, checklist, Child, child health care, consensus development, human, Humans, mobile application, Mobile Applications, mobile phone, practice guideline, priority journal, Review, smartphone, sport injury, validation process
@article{Davis2015ab,
title = {HeadCheck: A concussion app},
author = {Davis, G A and Thurairatnam, S and Feleggakis, P and Anderson, V and Bressan, S and Babl, F E},
doi = {10.1111/jpc.12879},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Paediatrics \& Child Health},
volume = {51},
number = {8},
pages = {830--831},
keywords = {Adolescent, algorithm, Athletic Injuries, Australia, brain concussion, checklist, Child, child health care, consensus development, human, Humans, mobile application, Mobile Applications, mobile phone, practice guideline, priority journal, Review, smartphone, sport injury, validation process},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McGinley, A D; Master, C L; Zonfrillo, M R
Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update Journal Article
In: Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 491–506, 2015.
BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{McGinley2015,
title = {Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update},
author = {McGinley, A D and Master, C L and Zonfrillo, M R},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {491--506},
keywords = {Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Wolanin, A; Gross, M; Hong, E
Depression in athletes: Prevalence and risk factors Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 56–60, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, athletic performance, career, Career Choice, Concussion, DECISION making, depression, distress syndrome, emotional disorder, emotional stress, human, Humans, Mental Health, overtraining syndrome, Prevalence, psychology, risk factor, Risk Factors, social adaptation, social support, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, SPORTS psychology, suicide, trends
@article{Wolanin2015,
title = {Depression in athletes: Prevalence and risk factors},
author = {Wolanin, A and Gross, M and Hong, E},
doi = {10.1249/JSR.0000000000000123},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {56--60},
abstract = {Depression affects an estimated 6.7% of today's adult population in a 12-month period. The prevalence rates for certain age groups, such as young adults and older adults, are higher. There are approximately 400,000 National Collegiate Athletic Association student athletes competing each year and 5 to 7 million high school student athletes involved in competitive interscholastic sports. Given such a high prevalence rate in certain age groups and a large denominator pool of athletes, past notions that athletes are devoid of mental health issues have come under scrutiny by sports medicine providers. Initial data suggest that athletes are far from immune to depression. The purpose of this article was to review the current research on athletes and depression; particularly this article will provide an overview of studies, which have investigated the rate of depression among athletes, and discuss relevant risk factors, which may contribute to depression among athletes. Copyright © 2015 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, athletic performance, career, Career Choice, Concussion, DECISION making, depression, distress syndrome, emotional disorder, emotional stress, human, Humans, Mental Health, overtraining syndrome, Prevalence, psychology, risk factor, Risk Factors, social adaptation, social support, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, SPORTS psychology, suicide, trends},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Wang, H; Wang, B; Jackson, K; Miller, C M; Hasadsri, L; Llano, D; Rubin, R; Zimmerman, J; Johnson, C; Sutton, B
A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports Journal Article
In: Translational Neuroscience, vol. 6, pp. 20–31, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Acceleration, Article, brain concussion, Brain hypothermia, brain perfusion, brain temperature, brain tissue, clinical study, cognition, contact sport, cooling, diving, exercise, exercise induced hyperthermia, experimental study, government, head neck cooling device, Head-neck cooling, human, hyperthermia, induced hypothermia, mild traumatic brain injury, nonhuman, priority journal, randomized controlled trial (topic), sport injury, Sports, surface property, thermal regulating system, thermal stimulation, thermoregulation, traumatic brain injury
@article{Wang2015a,
title = {A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports},
author = {Wang, H and Wang, B and Jackson, K and Miller, C M and Hasadsri, L and Llano, D and Rubin, R and Zimmerman, J and Johnson, C and Sutton, B},
doi = {10.1515/tnsci-2015-0004},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Translational Neuroscience},
volume = {6},
pages = {20--31},
abstract = {Emerging research on the long-term impact of concussions on athletes has allowed public recognition of the potentially devastating effects of these and other mild head injuries. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a multifaceted disease for which management remains a clinical challenge. Recent pre-clinical and clinical data strongly suggest a destructive synergism between brain temperature elevation and mTBI; conversely, brain hypothermia, with its broader, pleiotropic effects, represents the most potent neuro-protectant in laboratory studies to date. Although well-established in selected clinical conditions, a systemic approach to accomplish regional hypothermia has failed to yield an effective treatment strategy in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, although systemic hypothermia remains a potentially valid treatment strategy for moderate to severe TBIs, it is neither practical nor safe for mTBIs. Therefore, selective head-neck cooling may represent an ideal strategy to provide therapeutic benefits to the brain. Optimizing brain temperature management using a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spacesuit spinoff head-neck cooling technology before and/or after mTBI in contact sports may represent a sensible, practical, and effective method to potentially enhance recover and minimize post-injury deficits. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the anatomical, physiological, preclinical, and clinical data concerning NASA spinoff head-neck cooling technology as a potential treatment for mTBIs, particularly in the context of contact sports. © 2015 Huan Wang et al., licensee De Gruyter Open.},
keywords = {Acceleration, Article, brain concussion, Brain hypothermia, brain perfusion, brain temperature, brain tissue, clinical study, cognition, contact sport, cooling, diving, exercise, exercise induced hyperthermia, experimental study, government, head neck cooling device, Head-neck cooling, human, hyperthermia, induced hypothermia, mild traumatic brain injury, nonhuman, priority journal, randomized controlled trial (topic), sport injury, Sports, surface property, thermal regulating system, thermal stimulation, thermoregulation, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Iverson, G L; Quinn, T N; Makdissi, M; Levi, C R; Shultz, S R; Wright, D K; Stanwell, P
A preliminary video analysis of concussion in the National Rugby League Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 1182–1185, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, case study, clinical article, Concussion, descriptive research, EPIDEMIOLOGY, human, Incidence, Injury surveillance, observational study, rugby, sport injury, unconsciousness, videorecording
@article{Gardner2015b,
title = {A preliminary video analysis of concussion in the National Rugby League},
author = {Gardner, A J and Iverson, G L and Quinn, T N and Makdissi, M and Levi, C R and Shultz, S R and Wright, D K and Stanwell, P},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1034179},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {10},
pages = {1182--1185},
abstract = {Primary objective: To conduct the first video analysis of concussion in the Australian National Rugby League (NRL) and describe player and injury characteristics, situational factors and time to return to play.Research design: Descriptive, observational case series.Methods and procedures: Video analysis of 20 medically diagnosed concussions for three consenting clubs during the 2013 NRL season.Main outcome and results: Most concussions (83%) occurred during a high tackle, and all injured ball carriers were hit high. Loss of consciousness was observed in 30% of cases. Common observable signs of injury included clutching of the head, balance problems or wobbly legs and a blank or vacant state. There were no post-concussive seizures. All players with loss of consciousness were removed from play. However, only half of the total sample was removed from play and one athlete who was removed returned to play in the same match. Of the players who were removed from play, the large majority returned the following week. Illegal play accounted for 25% of all concussions.Conclusions: Video analysis may be a useful method to study the incidence, mechanism and management of concussion in sports such as Rugby League. Future studies may include larger numbers to validate this preliminary data and may also investigate other levels of play and age ranges. © 2015 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, case study, clinical article, Concussion, descriptive research, EPIDEMIOLOGY, human, Incidence, Injury surveillance, observational study, rugby, sport injury, unconsciousness, videorecording},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dessy, A M; Rasouli, J; Choudhri, T F
Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery Quarterly, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 423–426, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury
@article{Dessy2015,
title = {Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries},
author = {Dessy, A M and Rasouli, J and Choudhri, T F},
doi = {10.1097/WNQ.0000000000000085},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery Quarterly},
volume = {25},
number = {3},
pages = {423--426},
abstract = {Sports-related concussion has been viewed as a developing public health crisis in recent years. Underrecognition of concussions can lead to premature clearance for athletic participation. Second impact syndrome (SIS) represents a rare, yet devastating, potential outcome of premature return to play. SIS is a condition in which rapid brain swelling occurs as a result of a repeat head injury sustained before symptoms of a previous head injury have resolved. Within minutes of the second impact, diffuse cerebral swelling, brain herniation, and death can occur. There are \<20 documented cases of SIS in the world literature to date, and the general understanding of the syndrome is based largely on interpretation of anecdotal cases. This article reviews current understanding of the epidemiology and pathology of SIS. Given neurosurgeons' role in management of head trauma, it is essential that neurosurgeons acquire and maintain thorough knowledge of concussion diagnosis, treatment, and management. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sikoglu, E M; Liso Navarro, A A; Czerniak, S M; McCafferty, J; Eisenstock, J; Stevenson, J H; King, J A; Moore, C M
Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Journal Article
In: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 181–187, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult
@article{Sikoglu2015,
title = {Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study},
author = {Sikoglu, E M and {Liso Navarro}, A A and Czerniak, S M and McCafferty, J and Eisenstock, J and Stevenson, J H and King, J A and Moore, C M},
doi = {10.1097/WNN.0000000000000076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {181--187},
abstract = {Background: Although clinical evaluations and neurocognitive assessments are commonly used to evaluate the extent of and recovery from concussion, brain bioenergetics could provide a more quantitative marker. The neurometabolic response to a concussion is thought to increase neuronal energy consumption and thus the demand for nucleoside triphosphate (NTP). Objective: We investigated the possible disruption in high-energy metabolism within the prefrontal cortex of college athletes who had either had a concussion within the past 6 months (n=14) or had never had a concussion (n=13). We hypothesized that concussed athletes would have imbalanced brain bioenergetics resulting from increased NTP consumption, and these biochemical changes would correspond to impaired cognitive abilities. Methods: We used phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify high-energy phosphates. We performed the neuroimaging in conjunction with neurocognitive assessments targeting prefrontal cortex-mediated tasks. Results: Our results revealed significantly lower $gamma$-NTP levels in the athletes after concussion. Although the concussed and non-concussed participants performed similarly in neurocognitive assessments, lower levels of $gamma$-NTP were associated with worse scores on neurocognitive tasks. Conclusions: Our results support the concept of increased energy demand in the prefrontal cortex of a concussed brain, and we found that while neurocognitive assessments appear normal, brain energetics may be abnormal. A longitudinal study could help establish brain NTP levels as a biomarker to aid in diagnosis and to assess recovery in concussed patients. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Phillips, S; Woessner, D
Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 243–248, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, Athletic Injuries, attention deficit disorder, balance disorder, Balance Error Scoring System, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, body equilibrium, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, coordination disorder, depression, Dizziness, drowsiness, evaluation and follow up, headache, human, Humans, irritability, meclozine, memory disorder, mental concentration, Mild TBI guidelines, mild traumatic brain injury, mood change, mTBI, nausea, NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paracetamol, personal hygiene, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Health Care, priority journal, procedures, recurrent disease, rest, Review, scoring system, Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3, Sideline concussion assessment tool 3 (SCAT3), sleep disorder, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Sports-related, Tomography, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, VERTIGO, visual disorder, vomiting, X-Ray Computed
@article{Phillips2015b,
title = {Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Phillips, S and Woessner, D},
doi = {10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.010},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice},
volume = {42},
number = {2},
pages = {243--248},
abstract = {Concussions have garnered more attention in the medical literature, media, and social media. As such, in the nomenclature according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the term concussion has been supplanted by the term mild traumatic brain injury. Current numbers indicate that 1.7 million TBIs are documented annually, with estimates around 3 million annually (173,285 sports- and recreation-related TBIs among children and adolescents). The Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3 and the NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool are commonly used sideline tools. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
keywords = {Anxiety, Athletic Injuries, attention deficit disorder, balance disorder, Balance Error Scoring System, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, body equilibrium, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, coordination disorder, depression, Dizziness, drowsiness, evaluation and follow up, headache, human, Humans, irritability, meclozine, memory disorder, mental concentration, Mild TBI guidelines, mild traumatic brain injury, mood change, mTBI, nausea, NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paracetamol, personal hygiene, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Health Care, priority journal, procedures, recurrent disease, rest, Review, scoring system, Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3, Sideline concussion assessment tool 3 (SCAT3), sleep disorder, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Sports-related, Tomography, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, VERTIGO, visual disorder, vomiting, X-Ray Computed},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Marinides, Z; Galetta, K M; Andrews, C N; Wilson, J A; Herman, D C; Robinson, C D; Smith, M S; Bentley, B C; Galetta, S L; Balcer, L J; Clugston, J R
Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Neurology: Clinical Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, athlete, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, clinical assessment, Female, football, human, King Devick Test, major clinical study, Male, priority journal, Soccer, sport injury, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, vision test
@article{Marinides2015,
title = {Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion},
author = {Marinides, Z and Galetta, K M and Andrews, C N and Wilson, J A and Herman, D C and Robinson, C D and Smith, M S and Bentley, B C and Galetta, S L and Balcer, L J and Clugston, J R},
doi = {10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000060},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology: Clinical Practice},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {25--34},
abstract = {We examined the King-Devick (K-D) test, a vision-based test of rapid number naming, as a complement to components of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) for diagnosis of concussion. Baseline and postconcussion data for the University of Florida men's football, women's soccer, and women's lacrosse teams were collected, including the K-D test, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), and Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Among 30 athletes with first concussion during their athletic season (n 5 217 total), differences from baseline to postinjury showed worsening of K-D time scores in 79%, while SAC showed a ≥2- point worsening in 52%. Combining K-D and SAC captured abnormalities in 89%; adding the BESS identified 100% of concussions. Adding a vision-based test may enhance the detection of athletes with concussion. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Article, athlete, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, clinical assessment, Female, football, human, King Devick Test, major clinical study, Male, priority journal, Soccer, sport injury, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, vision test},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Meehan, W P; Jordaan, M; Prabhu, S P; Carew, L; Mannix, R C; Proctor, M R
Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low Journal Article
In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 133–137, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Arnold Chiari malformation, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, BASKETBALL, Brain Injuries, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid flow, Child, cohort analysis, Cohort Studies, coma, Concussion, Death, descriptive research, digestive tract parameters, Female, football, foramen magnum, human, Humans, ice hockey, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, major clinical study, Male, MORTALITY, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paralysis, paresthesia, pathology, patient participation, priority journal, questionnaire, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, RISK assessment, risk factor, Soccer, sport injury, Surveys and Questionnaires, terminal disease, Young Adult
@article{Meehan2015,
title = {Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low},
author = {Meehan, W P and Jordaan, M and Prabhu, S P and Carew, L and Mannix, R C and Proctor, M R},
doi = {10.1097/JSM.0000000000000107},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {133--137},
abstract = {Objective: To estimate the risk of athletes with Chiari malformations sustaining a catastrophic injury. Design: Retrospective, descriptive cohort study. Participants: All patients diagnosed with Chiari malformation at our institution between June 2008 and November 2011. Assessment of Risk Factors: Participants were mailed a questionnaire regarding the number of seasons they participated in organized athletics. Magnetic resonance images were reviewed to describe the characteristics of respondent's Chiari malformations. Main Outcome Measures: Whether or not the patient had sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Results: We had a 53% (N = 147) response rate. Respondents were of a mean age of 15 years (SD, 2 years) at the time of diagnosis. The mean length of protrusion of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum was 11.2 mm (SD, 5.7 mm). Most of the respondents had pointed cerebellar tonsils and some degree of crowding within the foramen magnum. During a total of 1627 athletic seasons played by patients with Chiari malformation, 0 respondents [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.0000-0.0023] sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Likewise, during 191 collision sport athletic seasons, 0 (95% CI, 0.0000-0.0191) respondents sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Conclusions: The risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low. This estimate of risk should be considered when making return-toplay decisions. Given the variability of anatomical consideration for patients with Chiari malformations, however, each return-to-play decision must continue to be made on a case-by-case basis, considering all of the available information. Clinical Relevance: The low risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries in sports should be considered when making return-to-play decisions. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Arnold Chiari malformation, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, BASKETBALL, Brain Injuries, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid flow, Child, cohort analysis, Cohort Studies, coma, Concussion, Death, descriptive research, digestive tract parameters, Female, football, foramen magnum, human, Humans, ice hockey, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, major clinical study, Male, MORTALITY, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paralysis, paresthesia, pathology, patient participation, priority journal, questionnaire, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, RISK assessment, risk factor, Soccer, sport injury, Surveys and Questionnaires, terminal disease, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
Tackling in youth football Journal Article
In: Pediatrics, vol. 136, no. 5, pp. e1419–e1430, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, ankle injury, athlete, Athletic Injuries, causal attribution, Child, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, disease association, football, hand injury, head and neck injury, human, Humans, Injuries, injury severity, knee injury, muscle training, Neck Injuries, Neck muscle, nonhuman, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, protective equipment, quadriplegia, Review, sport injury, standards, strategic planning
@article{Anonymous2015,
title = {Tackling in youth football},
author = {Anonymous},
doi = {10.1542/peds.2015-3282},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Pediatrics},
volume = {136},
number = {5},
pages = {e1419--e1430},
abstract = {American football remains one of the most popular sports for young athletes. The injuries sustained during football, especially those to the head and neck, have been a topic of intense interest recently in both the public media and medical literature. The recognition of these injuries and the potential for longterm sequelae have led some physicians to call for a reduction in the number of contact practices, a postponement of tackling until a certain age, and even a ban on high school football. This statement reviews the literature regarding injuries in football, particularly those of the head and neck, the relationship between tackling and football-related injuries, and the potential effects of limiting or delaying tackling on injury risk. © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.},
keywords = {Adolescent, ankle injury, athlete, Athletic Injuries, causal attribution, Child, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, disease association, football, hand injury, head and neck injury, human, Humans, Injuries, injury severity, knee injury, muscle training, Neck Injuries, Neck muscle, nonhuman, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, protective equipment, quadriplegia, Review, sport injury, standards, strategic planning},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vassilyadi, M; Macartney, G; Barrowman, N; Anderson, P; Dube, K
Symptom experience and quality of life in children after sport-related head injuries: A cross-sectional study Journal Article
In: Pediatric Neurosurgery, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 196–203, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, affect, Article, Athletic Injuries, behavior disorder, brain concussion, Child, clinical article, clinical assessment, cognitive defect, Cognitive Efficiency Index, complication, Concussion, Concussion Symptom Scale, controlled study, Craniocerebral Trauma, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, fatigue, Female, head injury, headache, human, Humans, Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive, Likert scale, Male, memory disorder, mild traumatic brain injury, neuropsychological test, noise, Paediatric patients, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, psychology, quality of life, rating scale, scoring system, Sport, sport injury, Sports, symptom, time factor, Time Factors, traumatic brain injury, trends
@article{Vassilyadi2015,
title = {Symptom experience and quality of life in children after sport-related head injuries: A cross-sectional study},
author = {Vassilyadi, M and Macartney, G and Barrowman, N and Anderson, P and Dube, K},
doi = {10.1159/000431232},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Pediatric Neurosurgery},
volume = {50},
number = {4},
pages = {196--203},
abstract = {Background: Sports are a major cause of concussions, and little is known about the symptom experience and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in children who remain symptomatic for over 3 months following such head injuries. Methods: A cross-sectional study of children aged 10-18 years was performed who were referred to the Neurosurgery Clinic at our centre following a head injury. Symptom experience was measured using the modified Concussion Symptom Scale, and HRQL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) was administered to assess neurocognitive and neurobehavioural sequelae. Results: Symptoms with the highest mean symptom scores on a Likert scale of 0-6 in 35 children at the time of assessment included headaches (3.1), poor concentration (2.7), memory problems (2.1), fatigue (2.1) and sensitivity to noise (2.0). Compared with normative data, children in this study had ImPACT summary scores between the 28th and 38th percentiles and a comparably low Cognitive Efficiency Index score. Mean scores for females were consistently statistically significantly lower (p \< 0.05) than for males across all of the HRQL domains. Trouble falling asleep and memory problems explained 62% of the variance in the PedsQL total scores. Conclusions: Children continue to experience many symptoms at least 3 months following sport-related head injuries that significantly impact their HRQL and neurocognitive abilities. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, affect, Article, Athletic Injuries, behavior disorder, brain concussion, Child, clinical article, clinical assessment, cognitive defect, Cognitive Efficiency Index, complication, Concussion, Concussion Symptom Scale, controlled study, Craniocerebral Trauma, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, fatigue, Female, head injury, headache, human, Humans, Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive, Likert scale, Male, memory disorder, mild traumatic brain injury, neuropsychological test, noise, Paediatric patients, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, psychology, quality of life, rating scale, scoring system, Sport, sport injury, Sports, symptom, time factor, Time Factors, traumatic brain injury, trends},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexander, D G; Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B; Kidd, M; Malcolm, C M
Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1113–1125, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome
@article{Alexander2015,
title = {Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes},
author = {Alexander, D G and Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B and Kidd, M and Malcolm, C M},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1031699},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1113--1125},
abstract = {Background: Information is scant concerning enduring brain injury effects of participation in the contact sport of Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) on early adolescents.Objective: The objective was prospectively to investigate differences between young adolescent male rugby players and non-contact sports controls on neurocognitive test performance over 3 years and academic achievement over 6 years.Method: A sample of boys from the same school and grade was divided into three groups: rugby with seasonal concussions (n = 45), rugby no seasonal concussions (n = 21) and non-contact sports controls (n = 30). Baseline neurocognitive testing was conducted pre-season in Grade 7 and post-season in Grades 8 and 9. Year-end academic grades were documented for Grades 6-9 and 12 (pre-high school to year of school leaving). A mixed model repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to investigate comparative neurocognitive and academic outcomes between the three sub-groups.Results: Compared with controls, both rugby groups were significantly lower on the WISC-III Coding Immediate Recall sub-test. There was a significant interaction effect on the academic measure, with improved scores over time for controls, that was not in evidence for either rugby group.Conclusions: Tentatively, the outcome suggests cognitive vulnerability in association with school level participation in rugby. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McDevitt, J; Tierney, R T; Phillips, J; Gaughan, J P; Torg, J S; Krynetskiy, E
Association between GRIN2A promoter polymorphism and recovery from concussion Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 13-14, pp. 1674–1681, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Article, athlete, brain concussion, Brain Injury, calcium, capillary electrophoresis, CONVALESCENCE, DNA, Female, gene frequency, genetic association, genetic polymorphism, genetic variability, GENOTYPE, heterozygote, human, inheritance, major clinical study, Male, n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor 2A, NR2A sub-unit, pedigree analysis, promoter region, sport injury, variable number of tandem repeat
@article{McDevitt2015,
title = {Association between GRIN2A promoter polymorphism and recovery from concussion},
author = {McDevitt, J and Tierney, R T and Phillips, J and Gaughan, J P and Torg, J S and Krynetskiy, E},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1075252},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {13-14},
pages = {1674--1681},
abstract = {Objective: To determine genetic variability within the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2A sub-unit (GRIN2A) gene promoter and its association with concussion recovery time. The hypothesis tested was that there would be a difference in allele and/or genotype distribution between two groups of athletes with normal and prolonged recovery.Methods: DNA was extracted from saliva collected from a total of 87 athletes with a physician-diagnosed concussion. The (GT) variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) within the promoter region of GRIN2A was genotyped. The long (L) allele was an allele with ≥25 repeats and the short (S) allele was an allele with \<25 repeats in the GT tract. Participants recovery time was followed prospectively and was categorized as normal (≤60 days) or prolonged (\>60 days).Results: LL carriers were 6-times more likely to recover longer than 60 days following the concussive event (p = 0.0433) when compared to SS carriers. Additionally, L allele carriers were found more frequently in the prolonged recovery group (p = 0.048).Conclusion: Determining genetic influence on concussion recovery will aid in future development of genetic counselling. The clinical relevance of genotyping athletes could improve management of athletes who experience concussion injuries. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {adult, Article, athlete, brain concussion, Brain Injury, calcium, capillary electrophoresis, CONVALESCENCE, DNA, Female, gene frequency, genetic association, genetic polymorphism, genetic variability, GENOTYPE, heterozygote, human, inheritance, major clinical study, Male, n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor 2A, NR2A sub-unit, pedigree analysis, promoter region, sport injury, variable number of tandem repeat},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brown, J C; Viljoen, W; Lambert, M I; Readhead, C; Fuller, C; Van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E
The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments Journal Article
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 394–399, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries
@article{Brown2015b,
title = {The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments},
author = {Brown, J C and Viljoen, W and Lambert, M I and Readhead, C and Fuller, C and {Van Mechelen}, W and Verhagen, E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {394--399},
abstract = {Objectives: Rugby Union ("rugby") is a popular sport with high injury risk. Burden of injury is described by the incidence and severity of injury. However reports have ignored the monetary cost of injuries. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the monetary cost associated with youth rugby injuries. Design: This descriptive study quantified medical treatments of injured players at the South African Rugby Union Youth tournaments in 2011/2012 and the days of work parents missed as a result of the injuries. A health insurer used these data to calculate associated costs. Methods: Legal guardians of the 421 injured players were contacted telephonically on a weekly basis until they returned to play. Treatments costs were estimated in South African Rands based on 2013 insurance rates and converted to US$ using purchasing power parities. Results: Of the 3652 players, 2% (n=71) sought medical care after the tournament. For these players, average treatment costs were high (US$731 per player, 95% CI: US$425-US$1096), with fractures being the most expensive type of injury. Players with medical insurance had higher costs (US$937, 95% CI: US$486-US$1500) than those without (US$220, 95% CI: US$145-US$302). Conclusions: Although a minority of players sought follow-up treatment after the tournaments, the cost of these injuries was high. Players without medical insurance having lower costs may indicate that these players did not receive adequate treatment for their injuries. Injury prevention efforts should consider injuries with high costs and the treatment of players without medical insurance. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Timpka, T; Jacobsson, J; Ekberg, J; Finch, C F; Bichenbach, J; Edouard, P; Bargoria, V; Branco, P; Alonso, J M
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 643–650, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, athletic performance, clinical examination, competition, Concussion, Consensus, Epidemiologic Methods, epidemiological data, EPIDEMIOLOGY, football, head injury, health service, human, Humans, information processing, Injuries, Medline, meta analysis, METHODOLOGY, musculoskeletal disease, neck injury, nomenclature, Overuse injuries, physical education, procedures, Qualitative methods, Research Design, Review, self report, sport injury, Sports epidemiology, sports injury, SPORTS medicine, Systematic Review, tennis, Terminology, Terminology as Topic, track and field, training
@article{Timpka2015,
title = {Meta-narrative analysis of sports injury reporting practices based on the Injury Definitions Concept Framework (IDCF): A review of consensus statements and epidemiological studies in athletics (track and field)},
author = {Timpka, T and Jacobsson, J and Ekberg, J and Finch, C F and Bichenbach, J and Edouard, P and Bargoria, V and Branco, P and Alonso, J M},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.11.393},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {6},
pages = {643--650},
abstract = {Objectives: Consistency in routines for reporting injury has been a focus of development efforts in sports epidemiology for a long time. To gain an improved understanding of current reporting practices, we applied the Injury Definitions Concept Framework (IDCF) in a review of injury reporting in a subset of the field. Design: Meta-narrative review. Methods: An analysis of injury definitions reported in consensus statements for different sports and studies of injury epidemiology in athletics (track and field) published in PubMed between 1980 and 2013 was performed. Separate narratives for each of the three reporting contexts in the IDCF were constructed from the data. Results: Six consensus statements and 14 studies reporting on athletics injury epidemiology fulfilled the selection criteria. The narratives on sports performance, clinical examination, and athlete self-report contexts were evenly represented in the eligible studies. The sports performance and athlete self-report narratives covered both professional and community athletes as well as training and competition settings. In the clinical examination narrative, data collection by health service professionals was linked to studies of professional athletes at international championships. Conclusions: From an application of the IDCF in a review of injury reporting in sports epidemiology we observed a parallel usage of reporting contexts in this field of research. The co-existence of reporting methodologies does not necessarily reflect a problematic situation, but only provided that firm precautions are taken when comparing studies performed in the different contexts. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {accident, athletic performance, clinical examination, competition, Concussion, Consensus, Epidemiologic Methods, epidemiological data, EPIDEMIOLOGY, football, head injury, health service, human, Humans, information processing, Injuries, Medline, meta analysis, METHODOLOGY, musculoskeletal disease, neck injury, nomenclature, Overuse injuries, physical education, procedures, Qualitative methods, Research Design, Review, self report, sport injury, Sports epidemiology, sports injury, SPORTS medicine, Systematic Review, tennis, Terminology, Terminology as Topic, track and field, training},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mirabelli, M H; Devine, M J; Singh, J; Mendoza, M
The preparticipation sports evaluation Journal Article
In: American Family Physician, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 371–376, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Article, asthma, athlete, bleeding disorder, bronchospasm, cardiovascular disease, drug abuse, Eating disorder, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, Epilepsy, heart murmur, hematologic disease, HISTORY, human, imaging, lung disease, Marfan syndrome, medical society, mental disease, Morbidity, MORTALITY, musculoskeletal injury, neurologic disease, Physical Examination, physical performance, social participation, Sport, sport injury, sudden death, urinalysis
@article{Mirabelli2015,
title = {The preparticipation sports evaluation},
author = {Mirabelli, M H and Devine, M J and Singh, J and Mendoza, M},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Family Physician},
volume = {92},
number = {5},
pages = {371--376},
abstract = {The preparticipation physical evaluation is a commonly requested medical visit for amateur and professional athletes of all ages. The overarching goal is to maximize the health of athletes and their safe participation in sports. Although studies have not found that the preparticipation physical evaluation prevents morbidity and mortality associated with sports, it may detect conditions that predispose the athlete to injury or illness and can provide strategies to prevent injuries. Clearance depends on the outcome of the evaluation and the type of sport (and sometimes position or event) in which the athlete participates. All persons undergoing a preparticipation physical evaluation should be questioned about exertional symptoms, presence of a heart murmur, symptoms of Marfan syndrome, and family history of premature serious cardiac conditions or sudden death. The physical examination should focus on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. U.S. medical and athletic organizations discourage screening electrocardiography and blood and urine testing in asymptomatic patients. Further evaluation should be considered for persons with heart or lung disease, bleeding disorders, musculoskeletal problems, history of concussion, or other neurologic disorders. © 2015 American Academy of Family Physicians.},
keywords = {Article, asthma, athlete, bleeding disorder, bronchospasm, cardiovascular disease, drug abuse, Eating disorder, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, Epilepsy, heart murmur, hematologic disease, HISTORY, human, imaging, lung disease, Marfan syndrome, medical society, mental disease, Morbidity, MORTALITY, musculoskeletal injury, neurologic disease, Physical Examination, physical performance, social participation, Sport, sport injury, sudden death, urinalysis},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Billock, R M; Anderegg, J J; Mehan, T J; Chounthirath, T; Smith, G A
Zipline-related injuries treated in US EDs, 1997-2012 Journal Article
In: American Journal of Emergency Medicine, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 1745–1749, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accidental Falls, Adolescent, adult, arm fracture, Article, body regions, Child, Concussion, emergency health service, Emergency Service, emergency ward, EPIDEMIOLOGY, falling, Female, head and neck injury, head injury, Hospital, hospitalization, human, Humans, Infant, leg injury, major clinical study, Male, Newborn, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, recreation, residential area, SAFETY, soft tissue injury, sport injury, sprain, statistics and numerical data, trunk injury, UNITED States, Wounds and Injuries, Young Adult, zipline related injury
@article{Billock2015,
title = {Zipline-related injuries treated in US EDs, 1997-2012},
author = {Billock, R M and Anderegg, J J and Mehan, T J and Chounthirath, T and Smith, G A},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajem.2015.08.022},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Emergency Medicine},
volume = {33},
number = {12},
pages = {1745--1749},
abstract = {Purpose To investigate the epidemiology of zipline-related injuries in the United States. Basic Procedures The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was used to examine non-fatal zipline-related injuries treated in US emergency departments (EDs) from 1997 through 2012. Sample weights were applied to calculate national estimates. Main Findings From 1997 through 2012, an estimated 16 850 (95% CI, 13 188-20 512) zipline-related injuries were treated in US EDs. The annual injury rate per 1 million population increased by 52.3% from 7.64 (95% CI, 4.86-10.42) injuries in 2009 (the first year with a stable annual estimate) to 11.64 (95% CI, 7.83-15.45) injuries in 2012. Patients aged 0-9 years accounted for 45.0% of injuries, females made up 53.1% of injuries, and 11.7% of patients required hospitalization. Fractures accounted for the largest proportion of injuries (46.7%), and the upper extremities were the most commonly injured body region (44.1%). Falls were the most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 77.3% of injuries. Among cases where the location of the injury event was known, 30.8% of injuries occurred in a residential setting and 69.2% occurred in a public place. Principal Conclusions This study is the first to characterize the epidemiology of zipline-related injuries using a nationally representative database. The rapid increase in zipline-related injuries in recent years suggests the need for additional safety guidelines and regulations. Commercial ziplines and publicly accessible non-commercial ziplines should be subject to uniform safety standards in all states and jurisdictions across the US, and homemade ziplines should not be used. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
keywords = {Accidental Falls, Adolescent, adult, arm fracture, Article, body regions, Child, Concussion, emergency health service, Emergency Service, emergency ward, EPIDEMIOLOGY, falling, Female, head and neck injury, head injury, Hospital, hospitalization, human, Humans, Infant, leg injury, major clinical study, Male, Newborn, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, recreation, residential area, SAFETY, soft tissue injury, sport injury, sprain, statistics and numerical data, trunk injury, UNITED States, Wounds and Injuries, Young Adult, zipline related injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Makdissi, M; Davis, G; McCrory, P
Clinical challenges in the diagnosis and assessment of sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Neurology: Clinical Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2–5, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: athlete, biological marker, checklist, clinical assessment, clinical evaluation, clinical study, competition, Concussion, Consensus, CONVALESCENCE, cost control, DECISION making, false negative result, functional disease, gold standard, human, learning, long term care, medical assessment, medical decision making, priority journal, prospective study, reaction time, recall, retrospective study, Review, risk factor, saccadic eye movement, self report, Sensitivity and Specificity, short term memory, sport injury, symptom, test retest reliability, visual system
@article{Makdissi2015,
title = {Clinical challenges in the diagnosis and assessment of sports-related concussion},
author = {Makdissi, M and Davis, G and McCrory, P},
doi = {10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000061},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology: Clinical Practice},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {2--5},
keywords = {athlete, biological marker, checklist, clinical assessment, clinical evaluation, clinical study, competition, Concussion, Consensus, CONVALESCENCE, cost control, DECISION making, false negative result, functional disease, gold standard, human, learning, long term care, medical assessment, medical decision making, priority journal, prospective study, reaction time, recall, retrospective study, Review, risk factor, saccadic eye movement, self report, Sensitivity and Specificity, short term memory, sport injury, symptom, test retest reliability, visual system},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moran, B; Tadikonda, P; Sneed, K B; Hummel, M; Guiteau, S; Coris, E E
Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians Journal Article
In: Southern Medical Journal, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 553–558, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption
@article{Moran2015,
title = {Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians},
author = {Moran, B and Tadikonda, P and Sneed, K B and Hummel, M and Guiteau, S and Coris, E E},
doi = {10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
volume = {108},
number = {9},
pages = {553--558},
abstract = {Postconcussive syndrome is an increasingly recognized outcome of sports-related concussion (SRC), characterized by a constellation of poorly defined symptoms. Treatment of PCS is significantly different from that of SRC alone. Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate these patients, but some are unfamiliar with the available therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SRC and descriptions of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to allow primary care physicians to provide evidence-based care to patients experiencing postconcussive syndrome. © 2015 by The Southern Medical Association.},
keywords = {alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Edlow, B L; Hinson, H E
Blowing the whistle on sports concussions Journal Article
In: Neurology, vol. 85, no. 17, pp. 1442–1443, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling
@article{Edlow2015,
title = {Blowing the whistle on sports concussions},
author = {Edlow, B L and Hinson, H E},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000001902},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {85},
number = {17},
pages = {1442--1443},
abstract = {On March 13, 2015, Chris Borland, a star rookie linebacker on the San Francisco 49ers, announced his early retirement from professional football, citing concerns about chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Borland, who had a history of 2 diagnosed concussions, walked away from a multi-million-dollar contract and potential sports superstardom, explaining that "from what I've researched and what I've experienced, I don't think it's worth the risk." 1 Perhaps just as surprising as Borland's announcement was the support he received from teammates and other athletes-support that reflects a growing recognition in the athletic community that repetitive head trauma may be associated with CTE and other forms of dementia. 2 Indeed, in a recent legal settlement, the National Football League estimated that approximately 30% of its former players will develop dementia. At the high school and college levels, state legislatures and universities have enacted limits to the number of full-contact practices, citing similar concerns about concussions. These developments have prompted a societal conversation about the risks of contact sports. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hinton-Bayre, A D
Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Brain Impairment, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 80–89, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Article, athlete, Australian, Concussion, controlled study, data processing, diagnostic test accuracy study, disease association, disease classification, human, major clinical study, Male, medical assessment, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Patient Assessment, psychopathy, receiver operating characteristic, reference value, reliability, reliable change, rugby, scoring system, sensitivity analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity, sport injury
@article{Hinton-Bayre2015,
title = {Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion},
author = {Hinton-Bayre, A D},
doi = {10.1017/BrImp.2015.14},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Impairment},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
pages = {80--89},
abstract = {Objective: Obtaining baseline neuropsychological (NP) data to assist management of sports-related concussion has been considered the standard of care. The validity of this approach has been questioned, with suggestions that post-concussion testing alone will suffice. The present study compared the sensitivity of baseline and normative paradigms in the setting of sports-related concussion. Method: Baseline NP data were collected for 194 Australian rugby league athletes on a brief battery of paper-and-pencil NP tests. During competition, 27 athletes sustaining concussion referred from a sports physician were retested within two days of injury. Twenty-six uninjured controls were assessed at similar intervals. The baseline paradigm was assessed using a reliable change index for pre- and post-concussion scores. The normative paradigm was assessed comparing the post-concussion score to a normative mean. Results: The baseline paradigm was consistently more sensitive to negative change following concussion than the normative paradigm when using continuous data, despite reasonable agreement. However, when data were categorised as 'impaired' or 'not-impaired', using either 68% or 90% confidence intervals, the difference between paradigms failed to reach significance. Comparison of ROC curves for both paradigms found superior overall classification for one test and the composite score using baseline comparison data. Conclusions: Despite being a time and resource intensive process, the baseline paradigm as a repeated-measures design may be more sensitive than the between-subjects design of the normative paradigm for detecting changes following concussion. Further work is required to determine the validity of normative assessment in sports-related concussion. Copyright © Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment 2015.},
keywords = {adult, Article, athlete, Australian, Concussion, controlled study, data processing, diagnostic test accuracy study, disease association, disease classification, human, major clinical study, Male, medical assessment, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Patient Assessment, psychopathy, receiver operating characteristic, reference value, reliability, reliable change, rugby, scoring system, sensitivity analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Montenigro, P H; Baugh, C M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Budson, A E; Au, R; Katz, D I; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 5-8, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling
@article{Montenigro2014,
title = {Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome},
author = {Montenigro, P H and Baugh, C M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Budson, A E and Au, R and Katz, D I and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908410645\&partnerID=40\&md5=bab59baeecd5adb22d0f84a4ce99bd5c},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {5-8},
abstract = {The long-term consequences of repetitive head impacts have been described since the early 20th century. Terms such as punch drunk and dementia pugilistica were first used to describe the clinical syndromes experienced by boxers. A more generic designation, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been employed since the mid-1900s and has been used in recent years to describe a neurodegenerative disease found not just in boxers but in American football players, other contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others with histories of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. This article reviews the literature of the clinical manifestations of CTE from 202 published cases. The clinical features include impairments in mood (for example, depression and hopelessness), behavior (for example, explosivity and violence), cognition (for example, impaired memory, executive functioning, attention, and dementia), and, less commonly, motor functioning (for example, parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria). We present proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes (TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant, TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of 'probable CTE' and 'possible CTE'. These proposed criteria are expected to be modified and updated as new research findings become available. They are not meant to be used for a clinical diagnosis. Rather, they should be viewed as research criteria that can be employed in studies of the underlying causes, risk factors, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CTE and related disorders. © 2014 Montenigro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Jordan, B D
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae Journal Article
In: CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology, vol. 20, pp. 1588–1604, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury
@article{Jordan2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae},
author = {Jordan, B D},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84927562326\&partnerID=40\&md5=da8cab7e63cee5fa58ae148fa7de9dec},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology},
volume = {20},
pages = {1588--1604},
abstract = {Purpose of Review: Growing public health concern exists over the incidence of chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) in athletes participating in contact sports. Chronic TBI represents a spectrum of disorders associated with long-term consequences of single or repetitive TBI and includes chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologists should be familiar with the different types of chronic TBI and their diagnostic criteria. Recent Findings: CTE is the most severe chronic TBI and represents the neurologic consequences of repetitive mild TBI. It is particularly noted among boxers and football players. CTE presents with behavioral, cognitive, and motor symptoms, and can only be definitively diagnosed postmortem. Chronic postconcussion syndrome is defined as postconcussion symptoms that last longer than 1 year and do not appear to resolve; it may develop after a single concussive event. Chronic neurocognitive impairment is an all-encompassing clinical term denoting long-term neurologic sequelae secondary to sports-related trauma and can present either within the postconcussion syndrome or years after a symptom-free interval. Summary: This article discusses the diagnostic evaluation of chronic TBI, including clinical history, neurologic examination, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and laboratory testing, as well as the distinctions between CTE, chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologic impairment among athletes exposed to repetitive brain injury appears to be a real phenomenon. Because CTE has no established treatment, prevention is of paramount importance for athletes participating in contact sports. © 2014, American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Solomon, G S; Sills, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and the availability cascade Journal Article
In: The Physician and sportsmedicine, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 26–31, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 20th Century, Athletic Injuries, Bias (Epidemiology), brain, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy autopsy, HISTORY, human, Humans, pathology, public opinion, sport injury, statistical bias
@article{Solomon2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and the availability cascade},
author = {Solomon, G S and Sills, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84922393457\&partnerID=40\&md5=d0415bdf57d1e5162b2dec50aadd55fc},
doi = {10.3810/psm.2014.09.2072},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {The Physician and sportsmedicine},
volume = {42},
number = {3},
pages = {26--31},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in sports has been known for \> 85 years, and has experienced a resurgence of interest over the past decade, both in the media and in the scientific community. However, there appears to be a disconnection between the public's perception of CTE and the currently available scientific data. The cognitive bias known as the "availability cascade" has been suggested as a reason to explain this rift in knowledge. This review summarizes and updates the history of CTE in sports, discusses recent epidemiological and autopsy studies, summarizes the evidence base related to CTE in sports, and offers recommendations for future directions.},
keywords = {20th Century, Athletic Injuries, Bias (Epidemiology), brain, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy autopsy, HISTORY, human, Humans, pathology, public opinion, sport injury, statistical bias},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Levin, B; Bhardwaj, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal Journal Article
In: Neurocritical Care, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 334–344, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence
@article{Levin2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal},
author = {Levin, B and Bhardwaj, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896549537\&partnerID=40\&md5=138104db42f7ca99527a78bb9c821f59},
doi = {10.1007/s12028-013-9931-1},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Neurocritical Care},
volume = {20},
number = {2},
pages = {334--344},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) formerly known as dementia pugilistica is a long-term neurodegenerative disorder associated with repeated subconcussive head injuries in high-contact sports. We reviewed the existing literature on CTE and examined epidemiological trends, risk factors, and its temporal progression, and proposed the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that may provide unique insights to clinicians with an in-depth understanding of the disease to aid in the diagnosis and prevention, and provide future perspectives for research via search of Medline and Cochrane databases as well as manual review of bibliographies from selected articles and monographs. The prevalence of CTE in recent years is on the rise and almost exclusively affects men, with pathologic signs characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral changes, and violent tendencies with some patients demonstrating Parkinsonian-like symptoms and signs. Many patients with CTE die following suicide, accident, or complications of drug or alcohol use. Postmortem pathologic analysis is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and A$beta$ plaques in 50 % of cases. Currently, there are no ante-mortem diagnostic criteria, but modern imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tension imaging hold promise for delineating the future diagnostic criteria. Further long-term longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate risk factors that will enhance understanding of the disease progression and its pathogenesis. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media.},
keywords = {accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
SCAT3 Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 259, 2013, ISBN: 1473-0480.
BibTeX | Tags: Assessment/Testing article, ataxia, body equilibrium, brain concussion, cognitive defect, emergency treatment, human, injury scale, memory disorder, METHODOLOGY, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, questionnaire, sport injury, unconsciousness
@article{Anonymous2013b,
title = {SCAT3},
author = {Anonymous},
isbn = {1473-0480},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {47},
number = {5},
pages = {259},
keywords = {Assessment/Testing article, ataxia, body equilibrium, brain concussion, cognitive defect, emergency treatment, human, injury scale, memory disorder, METHODOLOGY, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, questionnaire, sport injury, unconsciousness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
Pocket CRT Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 267, 2013, ISBN: 1473-0480.
BibTeX | Tags: ambulatory care, Article, Assessment/Testing, brain concussion, human, injury scale, memory disorder, sport injury
@article{Anonymous2013a,
title = {Pocket CRT},
author = {Anonymous},
isbn = {1473-0480},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {47},
number = {5},
pages = {267},
keywords = {ambulatory care, Article, Assessment/Testing, brain concussion, human, injury scale, memory disorder, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Duhaime, A C
Response Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 117, no. 6, pp. 1090–1091, 2012, ISBN: 0022-3085 1933-0693.
BibTeX | Tags: Accident prevention, Assessment & Testing, athlete, Biomechanics, brain concussion, Equipment, headache, Helmets, human, Neck pain, neurosurgery, Note, Post-Concussion, priority journal, sport injury, surgeon, symptom, Syndrome, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness
@article{Duhaime2012,
title = {Response},
author = {Duhaime, A C},
isbn = {0022-3085
1933-0693},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {117},
number = {6},
pages = {1090--1091},
keywords = {Accident prevention, Assessment \& Testing, athlete, Biomechanics, brain concussion, Equipment, headache, Helmets, human, Neck pain, neurosurgery, Note, Post-Concussion, priority journal, sport injury, surgeon, symptom, Syndrome, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Rabb, C H
Comments Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 1027–1028, 2010, ISBN: 0148-396X.
BibTeX | Tags: brain concussion, functional magnetic resonance imaging, human, Imaging & EEG, mental task, neuroimaging, Note, priority journal, sport injury, working memory Overviews
@article{Rabb2010,
title = {Comments},
author = {Rabb, C H},
isbn = {0148-396X},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {67},
number = {4},
pages = {1027--1028},
keywords = {brain concussion, functional magnetic resonance imaging, human, Imaging \& EEG, mental task, neuroimaging, Note, priority journal, sport injury, working memory Overviews},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mihalik, J P; Lynall, R C; Wasserman, E B; Guskiewicz, K M; Marshall, S W
Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help? Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 247–253, 2017.
@article{Mihalik2017,
title = {Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help?},
author = {Mihalik, J P and Lynall, R C and Wasserman, E B and Guskiewicz, K M and Marshall, S W},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001089},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {49},
number = {2},
pages = {247--253},
abstract = {Purpose This study aimed to determine the clinical utility of biomechanical head impact indicators by measuring the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PV+), and negative predictive value (PV-) of multiple thresholds. Methods Head impact biomechanics (n = 283,348) from 185 football players in one Division I program were collected. A multidisciplinary clinical team independently made concussion diagnoses (n = 24). We dichotomized each impact using diagnosis (yes = 24},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gregory, A; Kerr, Z; Parsons, J
Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician: A consensus statement Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 48–59, 2016.
@article{Gregory2016,
title = {Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician: A consensus statement},
author = {Gregory, A and Kerr, Z and Parsons, J},
doi = {10.1249/JSR.0000000000000231},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {48--59},
abstract = {This document provides an overview of selected medical issues that are important to team physicians who are responsible for the care and treatment of athletes. It is not intended as a standard of care, and should not be interpreted as such. This document is only a guide, and as such, is of a general nature, consistent with the reasonable, objective practice of the health care profession. Adequate insurance should be in place to help protect the physician, the athlete, and the sponsoring organization. This statement was developed by a collaboration of sixmajor professional associations concerned about clinical sports medicine issues. They have committed to forming an ongoing project-based alliance to bring together sports medicine organizations to best serve active people and athletes. The organizations are the American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, and the American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine. Copyright © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Laker, S R; Meron, A; Greher, M R; Wilson, J
Retirement and Activity Restrictions Following Concussion Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 487–501, 2016.
@article{Laker2016,
title = {Retirement and Activity Restrictions Following Concussion},
author = {Laker, S R and Meron, A and Greher, M R and Wilson, J},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2016.01.001},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {487--501},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moon, K; Theodore, N
Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: How Much Evidence Actually Exists? Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 89, pp. 720–721, 2016.
@article{Moon2016,
title = {Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: How Much Evidence Actually Exists?},
author = {Moon, K and Theodore, N},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.073},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {89},
pages = {720--721},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Arya, V; Chigurupati, R
Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle Journal Article
In: Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 569–581, 2016.
@article{Arya2016,
title = {Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle},
author = {Arya, V and Chigurupati, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.joms.2015.09.033},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Oral \& Maxillofacial Surgery},
volume = {74},
number = {3},
pages = {569--581},
abstract = {Purpose Traumatic injuries of the mandible resulting in intrusion of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa are rare and treatment is often based on anecdotal experience. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm for the management of condylar intrusion injuries by identifying factors that influenced the treatment decision of closed versus open reduction of the condyle. Materials and Methods This study was a systematic review of the literature on intracranial intrusion injuries of the mandibular condyle. A thorough search of the PubMed and Cochrane databases and individual maxillofacial and craniofacial journal databases was conducted using the Medical Subject Heading terms condylar impaction, condylar dislocation, condylar intrusion, and middle cranial fossa and condyle without date and language restriction. Quantitative data on the patient's age, gender, etiology of injury, and time from injury to diagnosis were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The authors studied how the predictor variables of age, etiology, time from injury to diagnosis, and associated neurologic injuries influenced the outcome variable of closed versus open reduction of the condyle. Results Forty-eight of the 62 retrieved case reports, case series, and review articles were published in the English-language literature from 1963 to 2015. Data on 51 patients with these injuries showed that 38 (75%) were female and younger than 30 years. The most common etiology of injury was motor vehicular accidents, occurring in 25 of 51 patients (49%). The mean time from injury to diagnosis was 31.2 days (0 to 106.4 days). Forty of the 51 patients (78%) were diagnosed within the first 2 weeks of injury. A good proportion of patients underwent open reduction (63%) and 18 of the 51 of patients (35%) underwent closed reduction. Conclusions Predictor variables that influenced the treatment decision of open versus closed reduction were age of the patient, etiology of injury, and time from injury to diagnosis. Based on the present results, younger patients (0 to 15 yr old), patients who sustain condylar intrusion injuries from bicycle accidents, and those diagnosed within the first 2 weeks of injury are more likely to benefit from closed reduction. The treatment algorithm emphasizes the importance of assessment of associated neurologic injuries and an interdisciplinary approach for the management of these injuries. © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Talavage, T M; Nauman, E A; Leverenz, L J
The role of medical imaging in the recharacterization of mild traumatic brain injury using youth sports as a laboratory Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Neurology, vol. 6, no. JAN, 2016.
@article{Talavage2016,
title = {The role of medical imaging in the recharacterization of mild traumatic brain injury using youth sports as a laboratory},
author = {Talavage, T M and Nauman, E A and Leverenz, L J},
doi = {10.3389/fneur.2015.00273},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
volume = {6},
number = {JAN},
abstract = {The short- and long-term impact of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasingly vital concern for both military and civilian personnel. Such injuries produce significant social and financial burdens and necessitate improved diagnostic and treatment methods. Recent integration of neuroimaging and biomechanical studies in youth collision-sport athletes has revealed that significant alterations in brain structure and function occur even in the absence of traditional clinical markers of "concussion." While task performance is maintained, athletes exposed to repetitive head accelerations exhibit structural changes to the underlying white matter, altered glial cell metabolism, aberrant vascular response, and marked changes in functional network behavior. Moreover, these changes accumulate with accrued years of exposure, suggesting a cumulative trauma mechanism that may culminate in categorization as "concussion" and long-term neurological deficits. The goal of this review is to elucidate the role of medical imaging in recharacterizing TBI, as a whole, to better identify at-risk individuals and improve the development of preventative and interventional approaches. © 2016 Talavage, Nauman and Leverenz.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Terwilliger, V K; Pratson, L; Vaughan, C G; Gioia, G A
Additional Post-Concussion Impact Exposure May Affect Recovery in Adolescent Athletes Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 761–765, 2016.
@article{Terwilliger2016,
title = {Additional Post-Concussion Impact Exposure May Affect Recovery in Adolescent Athletes},
author = {Terwilliger, V K and Pratson, L and Vaughan, C G and Gioia, G A},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4082},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {8},
pages = {761--765},
abstract = {Repeat concussion has been associated with risk for prolonged and pronounced clinical recovery in athletes. In this study of adolescent athletes, we examined whether an additional head impact within 24 h of a sports-related concussion (SRC) is associated with higher symptom burden and prolonged clinical recovery compared with a single-injury group. Forty-two student-athletes (52% male, mean age = 14.9 years) diagnosed with an SRC in a concussion clinic were selected for this study: (1) 21 athletes who sustained an additional significant head impact within 24 h of the initial injury (additional-impact group); (2) 21 single-injury athletes, age and gender matched, who sustained only one discrete concussive blow to the head (single-injury group). Groups did not differ on initial injury characteristics or pre-injury risk factors. The effect of injury status (single-vs. additional-impact) was examined on athlete-and parent-reported symptom burden (at first clinic visit) and length of recovery (LOR). Higher symptom burden was reported by the athletes and parents in the additional-impact group at the time of first visit. The additional-impact group also had a significantly longer LOR compared with the single-injury group. These findings provide preliminary, hypothesis-generating evidence for the importance of immediate removal from play following an SRC to protect athletes from re-injury, which may worsen symptoms and prolong recovery. The retrospective study design from a specialized clinical sample points to the need for future prospective studies of the relationship between single-and additional-impact injuries on symptom burden and LOR. © 2016 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Papa, L; Brophy, G M; Welch, R D; Lewis, L M; Braga, C F; Tan, C N; Ameli, N J; Lopez, M A; Haeussler, C A; Mendez Giordano, D I; Silvestri, S; Giordano, P; Weber, K D; Hill-Pryor, C; Hack, D C
In: JAMA Neurology, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 551–560, 2016.
@article{Papa2016a,
title = {Time course and diagnostic accuracy of glial and neuronal blood biomarkers GFAP and UCH-L1 in a large cohort of trauma patients with and without mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {Papa, L and Brophy, G M and Welch, R D and Lewis, L M and Braga, C F and Tan, C N and Ameli, N J and Lopez, M A and Haeussler, C A and {Mendez Giordano}, D I and Silvestri, S and Giordano, P and Weber, K D and Hill-Pryor, C and Hack, D C},
doi = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0039},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {JAMA Neurology},
volume = {73},
number = {5},
pages = {551--560},
abstract = {Importance: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have been widely studied and show promise for clinical usefulness in suspected traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussion. Understanding their diagnostic accuracy over time will help translate them into clinical practice. Objectives: To evaluate the temporal profiles of GFAP and UCH-L1 in a large cohort of trauma patients seen at the emergency department and to assess their diagnostic accuracy over time, both individually and in combination, for detecting mild to moderate TBI (MMTBI), traumatic intracranial lesions on head computed tomography (CT), and neurosurgical intervention. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study enrolled adult trauma patients seen at a level I trauma center from March 1, 2010, to March 5, 2014. All patients underwent rigorous screening to determine whether they had experienced an MMTBI (blunt head trauma with loss of consciousness, amnesia, or disorientation and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 9-15). Of 3025 trauma patients assessed, 1030 met eligibility criteria for enrollment, and 446 declined participation. Initial blood samples were obtained in 584 patients enrolled within 4 hours of injury. Repeated blood sampling was conducted at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, and 180 hours after injury. Main Outcomes and Measures: Diagnosis of MMTBI, presence of traumatic intracranial lesions on head CT scan, and neurosurgical intervention. Results: A total of 1831 blood samples were drawn from 584 patients (mean [SD] age, 40 [16] years; 62.0%[362 of 584] male) over 7 days. Both GFAP and UCH-L1 were detectible within 1 hour of injury. GFAP peaked at 20 hours after injury and slowly declined over 72 hours. UCH-L1 rose rapidly and peaked at 8 hours after injury and declined rapidly over 48 hours. Over the course of 1 week, GFAP demonstrated a diagnostic range of areas under the curve for detecting MMTBI of 0.73 (95%CI, 0.69-0.77) to 0.94 (95%CI, 0.78-1.00), and UCH-L1 demonstrated a diagnostic range of 0.30 (95%CI, 0.02-0.50) to 0.67 (95%CI, 0.53-0.81). For detecting intracranial lesions on CT, the diagnostic ranges of areas under the curve were 0.80 (95%CI, 0.67-0.92) to 0.97 (95%CI, 0.93-1.00)for GFAP and 0.31 (95%CI, 0-0.63) to 0.77 (95%CI, 0.68-0.85) for UCH-L1. For distinguishing patients with and without a neurosurgical intervention, the range for GFAP was 0.91 (95%CI, 0.79-1.00) to 1.00 (95% CI, 1.00-1.00), and the range for UCH-L1 was 0.50 (95%CI, 0-1.00) to 0.92 (95%CI, 0.83-1.00). Conclusions and Relevance: GFAP performed consistently in detecting MMTBI, CT lesions, and neurosurgical intervention across 7 days. UCH-L1 performed best in the early postinjury period. © Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keener, A B
Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma Journal Article
In: Nature Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 326–329, 2016.
@article{Keener2016,
title = {Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma},
author = {Keener, A B},
doi = {10.1038/nm0416-326},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {326--329},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keays, G; Friedman, D; Gagnon, I
A 20-Year Comparison of Football-Related Injuries in American and Canadian Youth Aged 6 to 17 Years: A replication study Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 603–613, 2016.
@article{Keays2016,
title = {A 20-Year Comparison of Football-Related Injuries in American and Canadian Youth Aged 6 to 17 Years: A replication study},
author = {Keays, G and Friedman, D and Gagnon, I},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815602631},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {55},
number = {7},
pages = {603--613},
abstract = {Introduction. Little is known about Canadian youth football injuries. The objectives of this study were (a) to contrast the injuries in Canadian and American football players aged 6 to 17 years and (b) compare the injuries sustained during organized football with those in nonorganized football. Methods. Using a retrospective cohort design based on data from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program and the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System a comparison of injuries was made. Results. Trends in injuries were comparable. Proportions and odds of injuries were similar, except for a few exceptions. In Canada, more girls were injured and fractures were more prevalent. Compared with nonorganized football, organized football players were older, involved more males, and suffered more traumatic brain injuries and injuries to their lower extremities. Conclusion. Canadian and American youth football injuries were similar. The type of football, be it organized or nonorganized, has an impact on injuries. © 2016 The Author(s).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Patton, D A; McIntosh, A S; Kleiven, S
In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 264–268, 2015.
@article{Patton2015,
title = {The biomechanical determinants of concussion: Finite element simulations to investigate tissue-level predictors of injury during sporting impacts to the unprotected head},
author = {Patton, D A and McIntosh, A S and Kleiven, S},
doi = {10.1123/jab.2014-0223},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Biomechanics},
volume = {31},
number = {4},
pages = {264--268},
abstract = {Biomechanical studies of concussions have progressed from qualitative observations of head impacts to physical and numerical reconstructions, direct impact measurements, and finite element analyses. Supplementary to a previous study, which investigated maximum principal strain, the current study used a detailed finite element head model to simulate unhelmeted concussion and no-injury head impacts and evaluate the effectiveness of various tissue-level brain injury predictors: strain rate, product of strain and strain rate, cumulative strain damage measure, von Mises stress, and intracranial pressure. Von Mises stress was found to be the most effective predictor of concussion. It was also found that the thalamus and corpus callosum were brain regions with strong associations with concussion. Tentative tolerance limits for tissue-level predictors were proposed in an attempt to broaden the understanding of unhelmeted concussions. For the thalamus, tolerance limits were proposed for a 50% likelihood of concussion: 2.24 kPa, 24.0 s-1, and 2.49 s-1 for von Mises stress, strain rate, and the product of strain and strain rate, respectively. For the corpus callosum, tolerance limits were proposed for a 50% likelihood of concussion: 3.51 kPa, 25.1 s-1, and 2.76 s-1 for von Mises stress, strain rate, and the product of strain and strain rate, respectively. © 2015 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Davis, G A; Thurairatnam, S; Feleggakis, P; Anderson, V; Bressan, S; Babl, F E
HeadCheck: A concussion app Journal Article
In: Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 830–831, 2015.
@article{Davis2015ab,
title = {HeadCheck: A concussion app},
author = {Davis, G A and Thurairatnam, S and Feleggakis, P and Anderson, V and Bressan, S and Babl, F E},
doi = {10.1111/jpc.12879},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Paediatrics \& Child Health},
volume = {51},
number = {8},
pages = {830--831},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McGinley, A D; Master, C L; Zonfrillo, M R
Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update Journal Article
In: Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 491–506, 2015.
@article{McGinley2015,
title = {Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update},
author = {McGinley, A D and Master, C L and Zonfrillo, M R},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {491--506},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Wolanin, A; Gross, M; Hong, E
Depression in athletes: Prevalence and risk factors Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 56–60, 2015.
@article{Wolanin2015,
title = {Depression in athletes: Prevalence and risk factors},
author = {Wolanin, A and Gross, M and Hong, E},
doi = {10.1249/JSR.0000000000000123},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {56--60},
abstract = {Depression affects an estimated 6.7% of today's adult population in a 12-month period. The prevalence rates for certain age groups, such as young adults and older adults, are higher. There are approximately 400,000 National Collegiate Athletic Association student athletes competing each year and 5 to 7 million high school student athletes involved in competitive interscholastic sports. Given such a high prevalence rate in certain age groups and a large denominator pool of athletes, past notions that athletes are devoid of mental health issues have come under scrutiny by sports medicine providers. Initial data suggest that athletes are far from immune to depression. The purpose of this article was to review the current research on athletes and depression; particularly this article will provide an overview of studies, which have investigated the rate of depression among athletes, and discuss relevant risk factors, which may contribute to depression among athletes. Copyright © 2015 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Wang, H; Wang, B; Jackson, K; Miller, C M; Hasadsri, L; Llano, D; Rubin, R; Zimmerman, J; Johnson, C; Sutton, B
A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports Journal Article
In: Translational Neuroscience, vol. 6, pp. 20–31, 2015.
@article{Wang2015a,
title = {A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports},
author = {Wang, H and Wang, B and Jackson, K and Miller, C M and Hasadsri, L and Llano, D and Rubin, R and Zimmerman, J and Johnson, C and Sutton, B},
doi = {10.1515/tnsci-2015-0004},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Translational Neuroscience},
volume = {6},
pages = {20--31},
abstract = {Emerging research on the long-term impact of concussions on athletes has allowed public recognition of the potentially devastating effects of these and other mild head injuries. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a multifaceted disease for which management remains a clinical challenge. Recent pre-clinical and clinical data strongly suggest a destructive synergism between brain temperature elevation and mTBI; conversely, brain hypothermia, with its broader, pleiotropic effects, represents the most potent neuro-protectant in laboratory studies to date. Although well-established in selected clinical conditions, a systemic approach to accomplish regional hypothermia has failed to yield an effective treatment strategy in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, although systemic hypothermia remains a potentially valid treatment strategy for moderate to severe TBIs, it is neither practical nor safe for mTBIs. Therefore, selective head-neck cooling may represent an ideal strategy to provide therapeutic benefits to the brain. Optimizing brain temperature management using a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spacesuit spinoff head-neck cooling technology before and/or after mTBI in contact sports may represent a sensible, practical, and effective method to potentially enhance recover and minimize post-injury deficits. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the anatomical, physiological, preclinical, and clinical data concerning NASA spinoff head-neck cooling technology as a potential treatment for mTBIs, particularly in the context of contact sports. © 2015 Huan Wang et al., licensee De Gruyter Open.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Iverson, G L; Quinn, T N; Makdissi, M; Levi, C R; Shultz, S R; Wright, D K; Stanwell, P
A preliminary video analysis of concussion in the National Rugby League Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 1182–1185, 2015.
@article{Gardner2015b,
title = {A preliminary video analysis of concussion in the National Rugby League},
author = {Gardner, A J and Iverson, G L and Quinn, T N and Makdissi, M and Levi, C R and Shultz, S R and Wright, D K and Stanwell, P},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1034179},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {10},
pages = {1182--1185},
abstract = {Primary objective: To conduct the first video analysis of concussion in the Australian National Rugby League (NRL) and describe player and injury characteristics, situational factors and time to return to play.Research design: Descriptive, observational case series.Methods and procedures: Video analysis of 20 medically diagnosed concussions for three consenting clubs during the 2013 NRL season.Main outcome and results: Most concussions (83%) occurred during a high tackle, and all injured ball carriers were hit high. Loss of consciousness was observed in 30% of cases. Common observable signs of injury included clutching of the head, balance problems or wobbly legs and a blank or vacant state. There were no post-concussive seizures. All players with loss of consciousness were removed from play. However, only half of the total sample was removed from play and one athlete who was removed returned to play in the same match. Of the players who were removed from play, the large majority returned the following week. Illegal play accounted for 25% of all concussions.Conclusions: Video analysis may be a useful method to study the incidence, mechanism and management of concussion in sports such as Rugby League. Future studies may include larger numbers to validate this preliminary data and may also investigate other levels of play and age ranges. © 2015 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Meehan, W P; Jordaan, M; Prabhu, S P; Carew, L; Mannix, R C; Proctor, M R
Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low Journal Article
In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 133–137, 2015.
@article{Meehan2015,
title = {Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low},
author = {Meehan, W P and Jordaan, M and Prabhu, S P and Carew, L and Mannix, R C and Proctor, M R},
doi = {10.1097/JSM.0000000000000107},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {133--137},
abstract = {Objective: To estimate the risk of athletes with Chiari malformations sustaining a catastrophic injury. Design: Retrospective, descriptive cohort study. Participants: All patients diagnosed with Chiari malformation at our institution between June 2008 and November 2011. Assessment of Risk Factors: Participants were mailed a questionnaire regarding the number of seasons they participated in organized athletics. Magnetic resonance images were reviewed to describe the characteristics of respondent's Chiari malformations. Main Outcome Measures: Whether or not the patient had sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Results: We had a 53% (N = 147) response rate. Respondents were of a mean age of 15 years (SD, 2 years) at the time of diagnosis. The mean length of protrusion of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum was 11.2 mm (SD, 5.7 mm). Most of the respondents had pointed cerebellar tonsils and some degree of crowding within the foramen magnum. During a total of 1627 athletic seasons played by patients with Chiari malformation, 0 respondents [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.0000-0.0023] sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Likewise, during 191 collision sport athletic seasons, 0 (95% CI, 0.0000-0.0191) respondents sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Conclusions: The risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low. This estimate of risk should be considered when making return-toplay decisions. Given the variability of anatomical consideration for patients with Chiari malformations, however, each return-to-play decision must continue to be made on a case-by-case basis, considering all of the available information. Clinical Relevance: The low risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries in sports should be considered when making return-to-play decisions. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mihalik, J P; Lynall, R C; Wasserman, E B; Guskiewicz, K M; Marshall, S W
Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help? Journal Article
In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 247–253, 2017.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Biomechanics, Brain Injury, Concussion, sport injury
@article{Mihalik2017,
title = {Evaluating the "threshold Theory": Can Head Impact Indicators Help?},
author = {Mihalik, J P and Lynall, R C and Wasserman, E B and Guskiewicz, K M and Marshall, S W},
doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000001089},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise},
volume = {49},
number = {2},
pages = {247--253},
abstract = {Purpose This study aimed to determine the clinical utility of biomechanical head impact indicators by measuring the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PV+), and negative predictive value (PV-) of multiple thresholds. Methods Head impact biomechanics (n = 283,348) from 185 football players in one Division I program were collected. A multidisciplinary clinical team independently made concussion diagnoses (n = 24). We dichotomized each impact using diagnosis (yes = 24},
keywords = {Biomechanics, Brain Injury, Concussion, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keays, G; Friedman, D; Gagnon, I
A 20-Year Comparison of Football-Related Injuries in American and Canadian Youth Aged 6 to 17 Years: A replication study Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 603–613, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, American, Article, CANADA, Canadian, Child, children, Concussion, dislocation, emergency care, Female, football, head injury, human, Injuries, major clinical study, Male, replication study, retrospective study, skull fracture, spine fracture, sport injury, Sports, sprain, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States
@article{Keays2016,
title = {A 20-Year Comparison of Football-Related Injuries in American and Canadian Youth Aged 6 to 17 Years: A replication study},
author = {Keays, G and Friedman, D and Gagnon, I},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815602631},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {55},
number = {7},
pages = {603--613},
abstract = {Introduction. Little is known about Canadian youth football injuries. The objectives of this study were (a) to contrast the injuries in Canadian and American football players aged 6 to 17 years and (b) compare the injuries sustained during organized football with those in nonorganized football. Methods. Using a retrospective cohort design based on data from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program and the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System a comparison of injuries was made. Results. Trends in injuries were comparable. Proportions and odds of injuries were similar, except for a few exceptions. In Canada, more girls were injured and fractures were more prevalent. Compared with nonorganized football, organized football players were older, involved more males, and suffered more traumatic brain injuries and injuries to their lower extremities. Conclusion. Canadian and American youth football injuries were similar. The type of football, be it organized or nonorganized, has an impact on injuries. © 2016 The Author(s).},
keywords = {Adolescent, American, Article, CANADA, Canadian, Child, children, Concussion, dislocation, emergency care, Female, football, head injury, human, Injuries, major clinical study, Male, replication study, retrospective study, skull fracture, spine fracture, sport injury, Sports, sprain, traumatic brain injury, UNITED States},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gregory, A; Kerr, Z; Parsons, J
Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician: A consensus statement Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 48–59, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accident prevention, Article, athlete, cervical spine injury, commotio cordis, Concussion, consultation, coronary artery anomaly, documentation, elbow injury, head and neck injury, heart right ventricle dysplasia, heat injury, human, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, knowledge, patellofemoral pain syndrome, physician, risk factor, shoulder injury, skin infection, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, total quality management
@article{Gregory2016,
title = {Selected issues in injury and illness prevention and the team physician: A consensus statement},
author = {Gregory, A and Kerr, Z and Parsons, J},
doi = {10.1249/JSR.0000000000000231},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {48--59},
abstract = {This document provides an overview of selected medical issues that are important to team physicians who are responsible for the care and treatment of athletes. It is not intended as a standard of care, and should not be interpreted as such. This document is only a guide, and as such, is of a general nature, consistent with the reasonable, objective practice of the health care profession. Adequate insurance should be in place to help protect the physician, the athlete, and the sponsoring organization. This statement was developed by a collaboration of sixmajor professional associations concerned about clinical sports medicine issues. They have committed to forming an ongoing project-based alliance to bring together sports medicine organizations to best serve active people and athletes. The organizations are the American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, and the American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine. Copyright © 2016 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Accident prevention, Article, athlete, cervical spine injury, commotio cordis, Concussion, consultation, coronary artery anomaly, documentation, elbow injury, head and neck injury, heart right ventricle dysplasia, heat injury, human, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, knowledge, patellofemoral pain syndrome, physician, risk factor, shoulder injury, skin infection, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, total quality management},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Keener, A B
Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma Journal Article
In: Nature Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 326–329, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling
@article{Keener2016,
title = {Tackling the brain: Clues emerge about the pathology of sports-related brain trauma},
author = {Keener, A B},
doi = {10.1038/nm0416-326},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Nature Medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {326--329},
keywords = {amnesia, Article, astrocyte, athlete, Athletic Injuries, behavior change, blood vessel injury, brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, cognitive defect, Concussion, confusion, degenerative disease, Epilepsy, head injury, headache, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Neck pain, nerve cell, nervous system inflammation, neurofibrillary tangle, nonhuman, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, sport injury, traumatic brain injury, unsteadiness, Vision, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Papa, L; Brophy, G M; Welch, R D; Lewis, L M; Braga, C F; Tan, C N; Ameli, N J; Lopez, M A; Haeussler, C A; Mendez Giordano, D I; Silvestri, S; Giordano, P; Weber, K D; Hill-Pryor, C; Hack, D C
In: JAMA Neurology, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 551–560, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, American Indian, amnesia, area under the curve, Article, Asian, assault, bicycle, Black person, blood sampling, blunt trauma, brain concussion, Caucasian, cohort analysis, computer assisted tomography, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic test accuracy study, disorientation, emergency ward, falling, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, glial fibrillary acidic protein, Hispanic, human, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, major clinical study, Male, mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, neurosurgery, pedestrian, priority journal, prospective study, sport injury, traffic accident, traumatic brain injury, traumatic intracranial lesion, ubiquitin, ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1, unclassified drug, unconsciousness, very elderly
@article{Papa2016a,
title = {Time course and diagnostic accuracy of glial and neuronal blood biomarkers GFAP and UCH-L1 in a large cohort of trauma patients with and without mild traumatic brain injury},
author = {Papa, L and Brophy, G M and Welch, R D and Lewis, L M and Braga, C F and Tan, C N and Ameli, N J and Lopez, M A and Haeussler, C A and {Mendez Giordano}, D I and Silvestri, S and Giordano, P and Weber, K D and Hill-Pryor, C and Hack, D C},
doi = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0039},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {JAMA Neurology},
volume = {73},
number = {5},
pages = {551--560},
abstract = {Importance: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have been widely studied and show promise for clinical usefulness in suspected traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussion. Understanding their diagnostic accuracy over time will help translate them into clinical practice. Objectives: To evaluate the temporal profiles of GFAP and UCH-L1 in a large cohort of trauma patients seen at the emergency department and to assess their diagnostic accuracy over time, both individually and in combination, for detecting mild to moderate TBI (MMTBI), traumatic intracranial lesions on head computed tomography (CT), and neurosurgical intervention. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study enrolled adult trauma patients seen at a level I trauma center from March 1, 2010, to March 5, 2014. All patients underwent rigorous screening to determine whether they had experienced an MMTBI (blunt head trauma with loss of consciousness, amnesia, or disorientation and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 9-15). Of 3025 trauma patients assessed, 1030 met eligibility criteria for enrollment, and 446 declined participation. Initial blood samples were obtained in 584 patients enrolled within 4 hours of injury. Repeated blood sampling was conducted at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, and 180 hours after injury. Main Outcomes and Measures: Diagnosis of MMTBI, presence of traumatic intracranial lesions on head CT scan, and neurosurgical intervention. Results: A total of 1831 blood samples were drawn from 584 patients (mean [SD] age, 40 [16] years; 62.0%[362 of 584] male) over 7 days. Both GFAP and UCH-L1 were detectible within 1 hour of injury. GFAP peaked at 20 hours after injury and slowly declined over 72 hours. UCH-L1 rose rapidly and peaked at 8 hours after injury and declined rapidly over 48 hours. Over the course of 1 week, GFAP demonstrated a diagnostic range of areas under the curve for detecting MMTBI of 0.73 (95%CI, 0.69-0.77) to 0.94 (95%CI, 0.78-1.00), and UCH-L1 demonstrated a diagnostic range of 0.30 (95%CI, 0.02-0.50) to 0.67 (95%CI, 0.53-0.81). For detecting intracranial lesions on CT, the diagnostic ranges of areas under the curve were 0.80 (95%CI, 0.67-0.92) to 0.97 (95%CI, 0.93-1.00)for GFAP and 0.31 (95%CI, 0-0.63) to 0.77 (95%CI, 0.68-0.85) for UCH-L1. For distinguishing patients with and without a neurosurgical intervention, the range for GFAP was 0.91 (95%CI, 0.79-1.00) to 1.00 (95% CI, 1.00-1.00), and the range for UCH-L1 was 0.50 (95%CI, 0-1.00) to 0.92 (95%CI, 0.83-1.00). Conclusions and Relevance: GFAP performed consistently in detecting MMTBI, CT lesions, and neurosurgical intervention across 7 days. UCH-L1 performed best in the early postinjury period. © Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, aged, American Indian, amnesia, area under the curve, Article, Asian, assault, bicycle, Black person, blood sampling, blunt trauma, brain concussion, Caucasian, cohort analysis, computer assisted tomography, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic test accuracy study, disorientation, emergency ward, falling, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, glial fibrillary acidic protein, Hispanic, human, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, major clinical study, Male, mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, neurosurgery, pedestrian, priority journal, prospective study, sport injury, traffic accident, traumatic brain injury, traumatic intracranial lesion, ubiquitin, ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1, unclassified drug, unconsciousness, very elderly},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Terwilliger, V K; Pratson, L; Vaughan, C G; Gioia, G A
Additional Post-Concussion Impact Exposure May Affect Recovery in Adolescent Athletes Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 761–765, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, Brain Injury, clinical article, Concussion, controlled study, CONVALESCENCE, Female, human, Male, mTBI, Parent, postconcussion syndrome, retrospective study, risk factor, sport injury
@article{Terwilliger2016,
title = {Additional Post-Concussion Impact Exposure May Affect Recovery in Adolescent Athletes},
author = {Terwilliger, V K and Pratson, L and Vaughan, C G and Gioia, G A},
doi = {10.1089/neu.2015.4082},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurotrauma},
volume = {33},
number = {8},
pages = {761--765},
abstract = {Repeat concussion has been associated with risk for prolonged and pronounced clinical recovery in athletes. In this study of adolescent athletes, we examined whether an additional head impact within 24 h of a sports-related concussion (SRC) is associated with higher symptom burden and prolonged clinical recovery compared with a single-injury group. Forty-two student-athletes (52% male, mean age = 14.9 years) diagnosed with an SRC in a concussion clinic were selected for this study: (1) 21 athletes who sustained an additional significant head impact within 24 h of the initial injury (additional-impact group); (2) 21 single-injury athletes, age and gender matched, who sustained only one discrete concussive blow to the head (single-injury group). Groups did not differ on initial injury characteristics or pre-injury risk factors. The effect of injury status (single-vs. additional-impact) was examined on athlete-and parent-reported symptom burden (at first clinic visit) and length of recovery (LOR). Higher symptom burden was reported by the athletes and parents in the additional-impact group at the time of first visit. The additional-impact group also had a significantly longer LOR compared with the single-injury group. These findings provide preliminary, hypothesis-generating evidence for the importance of immediate removal from play following an SRC to protect athletes from re-injury, which may worsen symptoms and prolong recovery. The retrospective study design from a specialized clinical sample points to the need for future prospective studies of the relationship between single-and additional-impact injuries on symptom burden and LOR. © 2016 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
keywords = {Adolescent, Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, Brain Injury, clinical article, Concussion, controlled study, CONVALESCENCE, Female, human, Male, mTBI, Parent, postconcussion syndrome, retrospective study, risk factor, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Talavage, T M; Nauman, E A; Leverenz, L J
The role of medical imaging in the recharacterization of mild traumatic brain injury using youth sports as a laboratory Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Neurology, vol. 6, no. JAN, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, cognition assessment, Concussion, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, Functional MRI, human, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, neuromonitoring, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Patient monitoring, population risk, prediction, protective equipment, sport injury, Subconcussive, traumatic brain injury, validation process
@article{Talavage2016,
title = {The role of medical imaging in the recharacterization of mild traumatic brain injury using youth sports as a laboratory},
author = {Talavage, T M and Nauman, E A and Leverenz, L J},
doi = {10.3389/fneur.2015.00273},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
volume = {6},
number = {JAN},
abstract = {The short- and long-term impact of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasingly vital concern for both military and civilian personnel. Such injuries produce significant social and financial burdens and necessitate improved diagnostic and treatment methods. Recent integration of neuroimaging and biomechanical studies in youth collision-sport athletes has revealed that significant alterations in brain structure and function occur even in the absence of traditional clinical markers of "concussion." While task performance is maintained, athletes exposed to repetitive head accelerations exhibit structural changes to the underlying white matter, altered glial cell metabolism, aberrant vascular response, and marked changes in functional network behavior. Moreover, these changes accumulate with accrued years of exposure, suggesting a cumulative trauma mechanism that may culminate in categorization as "concussion" and long-term neurological deficits. The goal of this review is to elucidate the role of medical imaging in recharacterizing TBI, as a whole, to better identify at-risk individuals and improve the development of preventative and interventional approaches. © 2016 Talavage, Nauman and Leverenz.},
keywords = {Article, cognition assessment, Concussion, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, Functional MRI, human, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, neuromonitoring, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Patient monitoring, population risk, prediction, protective equipment, sport injury, Subconcussive, traumatic brain injury, validation process},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Arya, V; Chigurupati, R
Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle Journal Article
In: Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 569–581, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accidents, age, Age Factors, algorithm, ALGORITHMS, Article, assault, brain concussion, brain hematoma, Brain Injuries, clinical protocol, Clinical Protocols, condylar intrusion injury, contusion, Cranial Fossa, DECISION making, Dislocations, Early Diagnosis, facial nerve paralysis, falling, fracture reduction, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Injuries, intermethod comparison, jaw disease, laceration, liquorrhea, mandible condyle, mandible fracture, Mandibular Condyle, Mandibular Fractures, Middle, middle cranial fossa, occupational accident, open reduction, sex difference, soft tissue injury, sport injury, Systematic Review, Traffic, traffic accident
@article{Arya2016,
title = {Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle},
author = {Arya, V and Chigurupati, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.joms.2015.09.033},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Oral \& Maxillofacial Surgery},
volume = {74},
number = {3},
pages = {569--581},
abstract = {Purpose Traumatic injuries of the mandible resulting in intrusion of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa are rare and treatment is often based on anecdotal experience. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm for the management of condylar intrusion injuries by identifying factors that influenced the treatment decision of closed versus open reduction of the condyle. Materials and Methods This study was a systematic review of the literature on intracranial intrusion injuries of the mandibular condyle. A thorough search of the PubMed and Cochrane databases and individual maxillofacial and craniofacial journal databases was conducted using the Medical Subject Heading terms condylar impaction, condylar dislocation, condylar intrusion, and middle cranial fossa and condyle without date and language restriction. Quantitative data on the patient's age, gender, etiology of injury, and time from injury to diagnosis were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The authors studied how the predictor variables of age, etiology, time from injury to diagnosis, and associated neurologic injuries influenced the outcome variable of closed versus open reduction of the condyle. Results Forty-eight of the 62 retrieved case reports, case series, and review articles were published in the English-language literature from 1963 to 2015. Data on 51 patients with these injuries showed that 38 (75%) were female and younger than 30 years. The most common etiology of injury was motor vehicular accidents, occurring in 25 of 51 patients (49%). The mean time from injury to diagnosis was 31.2 days (0 to 106.4 days). Forty of the 51 patients (78%) were diagnosed within the first 2 weeks of injury. A good proportion of patients underwent open reduction (63%) and 18 of the 51 of patients (35%) underwent closed reduction. Conclusions Predictor variables that influenced the treatment decision of open versus closed reduction were age of the patient, etiology of injury, and time from injury to diagnosis. Based on the present results, younger patients (0 to 15 yr old), patients who sustain condylar intrusion injuries from bicycle accidents, and those diagnosed within the first 2 weeks of injury are more likely to benefit from closed reduction. The treatment algorithm emphasizes the importance of assessment of associated neurologic injuries and an interdisciplinary approach for the management of these injuries. © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.},
keywords = {Accidents, age, Age Factors, algorithm, ALGORITHMS, Article, assault, brain concussion, brain hematoma, Brain Injuries, clinical protocol, Clinical Protocols, condylar intrusion injury, contusion, Cranial Fossa, DECISION making, Dislocations, Early Diagnosis, facial nerve paralysis, falling, fracture reduction, hearing impairment, human, Humans, Injuries, intermethod comparison, jaw disease, laceration, liquorrhea, mandible condyle, mandible fracture, Mandibular Condyle, Mandibular Fractures, Middle, middle cranial fossa, occupational accident, open reduction, sex difference, soft tissue injury, sport injury, Systematic Review, Traffic, traffic accident},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moon, K; Theodore, N
Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: How Much Evidence Actually Exists? Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 89, pp. 720–721, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Alzheimer disease, amyloid beta protein, amyloid plaque, anxiety disorder, apolipoprotein E, Article, behavior disorder, Boxing, brain atrophy, brain concussion, brain degeneration, chronic disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, cognitive defect, degenerative disease, depression, environmental factor, football, frontotemporal dementia, genetic predisposition, genetic risk, genetic susceptibility, human, motor control, Neuroanatomy, opiate addiction, Parkinson disease, protein phosphorylation, scar formation, septum pellucidum, sport injury, substantia nigra, suicide, TAR DNA binding protein, tau protein, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury
@article{Moon2016,
title = {Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: How Much Evidence Actually Exists?},
author = {Moon, K and Theodore, N},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.073},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {89},
pages = {720--721},
keywords = {Alzheimer disease, amyloid beta protein, amyloid plaque, anxiety disorder, apolipoprotein E, Article, behavior disorder, Boxing, brain atrophy, brain concussion, brain degeneration, chronic disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, cognitive defect, degenerative disease, depression, environmental factor, football, frontotemporal dementia, genetic predisposition, genetic risk, genetic susceptibility, human, motor control, Neuroanatomy, opiate addiction, Parkinson disease, protein phosphorylation, scar formation, septum pellucidum, sport injury, substantia nigra, suicide, TAR DNA binding protein, tau protein, tauopathy, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Laker, S R; Meron, A; Greher, M R; Wilson, J
Retirement and Activity Restrictions Following Concussion Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 487–501, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Activity restrictions, athlete, attention deficit disorder, brain concussion, Concussion, CONVALESCENCE, depression, human, learning disorder, migraine, neuropsychological test, nonhuman, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, postconcussion syndrome, practice guideline, priority journal, Retirement, return to sport, Review, risk factor, sleep disorder, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, symptom, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness
@article{Laker2016,
title = {Retirement and Activity Restrictions Following Concussion},
author = {Laker, S R and Meron, A and Greher, M R and Wilson, J},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2016.01.001},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {487--501},
keywords = {Activity restrictions, athlete, attention deficit disorder, brain concussion, Concussion, CONVALESCENCE, depression, human, learning disorder, migraine, neuropsychological test, nonhuman, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, postconcussion syndrome, practice guideline, priority journal, Retirement, return to sport, Review, risk factor, sleep disorder, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, symptom, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Patton, D A; McIntosh, A S; Kleiven, S
In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 264–268, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, Biomechanics, brain, Brain Injury, brain region, clinical article, Concussion, corpus callosum, Damage detection, evaluation study, finite element analysis, Finite element head models, Finite element method, Finite element simulations, football, gray matter, Head Injuries, head injury, human, Intra-cranial pressure, intracranial pressure, investigative procedures, Maximum principal strain, mesencephalon, Modeling, Models, Numerical reconstruction, Qualitative observations, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Strain and strain rates, Strain rate, Stress, thalamus, Tissue, tissue level
@article{Patton2015,
title = {The biomechanical determinants of concussion: Finite element simulations to investigate tissue-level predictors of injury during sporting impacts to the unprotected head},
author = {Patton, D A and McIntosh, A S and Kleiven, S},
doi = {10.1123/jab.2014-0223},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Biomechanics},
volume = {31},
number = {4},
pages = {264--268},
abstract = {Biomechanical studies of concussions have progressed from qualitative observations of head impacts to physical and numerical reconstructions, direct impact measurements, and finite element analyses. Supplementary to a previous study, which investigated maximum principal strain, the current study used a detailed finite element head model to simulate unhelmeted concussion and no-injury head impacts and evaluate the effectiveness of various tissue-level brain injury predictors: strain rate, product of strain and strain rate, cumulative strain damage measure, von Mises stress, and intracranial pressure. Von Mises stress was found to be the most effective predictor of concussion. It was also found that the thalamus and corpus callosum were brain regions with strong associations with concussion. Tentative tolerance limits for tissue-level predictors were proposed in an attempt to broaden the understanding of unhelmeted concussions. For the thalamus, tolerance limits were proposed for a 50% likelihood of concussion: 2.24 kPa, 24.0 s-1, and 2.49 s-1 for von Mises stress, strain rate, and the product of strain and strain rate, respectively. For the corpus callosum, tolerance limits were proposed for a 50% likelihood of concussion: 3.51 kPa, 25.1 s-1, and 2.76 s-1 for von Mises stress, strain rate, and the product of strain and strain rate, respectively. © 2015 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
keywords = {Article, Biomechanics, brain, Brain Injury, brain region, clinical article, Concussion, corpus callosum, Damage detection, evaluation study, finite element analysis, Finite element head models, Finite element method, Finite element simulations, football, gray matter, Head Injuries, head injury, human, Intra-cranial pressure, intracranial pressure, investigative procedures, Maximum principal strain, mesencephalon, Modeling, Models, Numerical reconstruction, Qualitative observations, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Strain and strain rates, Strain rate, Stress, thalamus, Tissue, tissue level},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Tan, C O; Ainslie, P N; Van Donkelaar, P; Stanwell, P; Levi, C R; Iverson, G L
Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 1050–1055, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult
@article{Gardner2015bb,
title = {Cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound in sport-related concussion: A systematic review},
author = {Gardner, A J and Tan, C O and Ainslie, P N and {Van Donkelaar}, P and Stanwell, P and Levi, C R and Iverson, G L},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2014-093901},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {49},
number = {16},
pages = {1050--1055},
abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury influences regulation of cerebral blood flow in animal models and in human studies. We reviewed the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) to monitor cerebrovascular reactivity following sport-related concussion. Review method: A narrative and systematic review of articles published in the English language, from December 1982 to October 2013. Data sources: Articles were retrieved via numerous databases using relevant key terms. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included. Results: Three publications met the criteria for inclusion; these provided data from 42 athletes and 33 controls. All three studies reported reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity via transcranial Doppler US. Conclusions: These initial results support the use of cerebrovascular reactivity as a research tool for identifying altered neurophysiology and monitoring recovery in adult athletes. Larger cross-sectional, prospective and longitudinal studies are required to understand the sensitivity and prognostic value of cerebrovascular reactivity in sport-related concussion. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Athletic Injuries, brain circulation, brain concussion, case control study, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Doppler, echography, Female, human, Humans, Male, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, sport injury, Transcranial, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Davis, G A; Thurairatnam, S; Feleggakis, P; Anderson, V; Bressan, S; Babl, F E
HeadCheck: A concussion app Journal Article
In: Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 830–831, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, algorithm, Athletic Injuries, Australia, brain concussion, checklist, Child, child health care, consensus development, human, Humans, mobile application, Mobile Applications, mobile phone, practice guideline, priority journal, Review, smartphone, sport injury, validation process
@article{Davis2015ab,
title = {HeadCheck: A concussion app},
author = {Davis, G A and Thurairatnam, S and Feleggakis, P and Anderson, V and Bressan, S and Babl, F E},
doi = {10.1111/jpc.12879},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Paediatrics \& Child Health},
volume = {51},
number = {8},
pages = {830--831},
keywords = {Adolescent, algorithm, Athletic Injuries, Australia, brain concussion, checklist, Child, child health care, consensus development, human, Humans, mobile application, Mobile Applications, mobile phone, practice guideline, priority journal, Review, smartphone, sport injury, validation process},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McGinley, A D; Master, C L; Zonfrillo, M R
Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update Journal Article
In: Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 491–506, 2015.
BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices
@article{McGinley2015,
title = {Sports-Related Head Injuries in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Update},
author = {McGinley, A D and Master, C L and Zonfrillo, M R},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Adolescent Medicine},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {491--506},
keywords = {Adolescent, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Brain Injury, Chronic, CONVALESCENCE, human, Humans, injury scale, Recovery of Function, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Wolanin, A; Gross, M; Hong, E
Depression in athletes: Prevalence and risk factors Journal Article
In: Current Sports Medicine Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 56–60, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, athletic performance, career, Career Choice, Concussion, DECISION making, depression, distress syndrome, emotional disorder, emotional stress, human, Humans, Mental Health, overtraining syndrome, Prevalence, psychology, risk factor, Risk Factors, social adaptation, social support, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, SPORTS psychology, suicide, trends
@article{Wolanin2015,
title = {Depression in athletes: Prevalence and risk factors},
author = {Wolanin, A and Gross, M and Hong, E},
doi = {10.1249/JSR.0000000000000123},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Sports Medicine Reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {56--60},
abstract = {Depression affects an estimated 6.7% of today's adult population in a 12-month period. The prevalence rates for certain age groups, such as young adults and older adults, are higher. There are approximately 400,000 National Collegiate Athletic Association student athletes competing each year and 5 to 7 million high school student athletes involved in competitive interscholastic sports. Given such a high prevalence rate in certain age groups and a large denominator pool of athletes, past notions that athletes are devoid of mental health issues have come under scrutiny by sports medicine providers. Initial data suggest that athletes are far from immune to depression. The purpose of this article was to review the current research on athletes and depression; particularly this article will provide an overview of studies, which have investigated the rate of depression among athletes, and discuss relevant risk factors, which may contribute to depression among athletes. Copyright © 2015 by the American College of Sports Medicine.},
keywords = {Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, athletic performance, career, Career Choice, Concussion, DECISION making, depression, distress syndrome, emotional disorder, emotional stress, human, Humans, Mental Health, overtraining syndrome, Prevalence, psychology, risk factor, Risk Factors, social adaptation, social support, sport injury, SPORTS medicine, SPORTS psychology, suicide, trends},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Wang, H; Wang, B; Jackson, K; Miller, C M; Hasadsri, L; Llano, D; Rubin, R; Zimmerman, J; Johnson, C; Sutton, B
A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports Journal Article
In: Translational Neuroscience, vol. 6, pp. 20–31, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Acceleration, Article, brain concussion, Brain hypothermia, brain perfusion, brain temperature, brain tissue, clinical study, cognition, contact sport, cooling, diving, exercise, exercise induced hyperthermia, experimental study, government, head neck cooling device, Head-neck cooling, human, hyperthermia, induced hypothermia, mild traumatic brain injury, nonhuman, priority journal, randomized controlled trial (topic), sport injury, Sports, surface property, thermal regulating system, thermal stimulation, thermoregulation, traumatic brain injury
@article{Wang2015a,
title = {A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports},
author = {Wang, H and Wang, B and Jackson, K and Miller, C M and Hasadsri, L and Llano, D and Rubin, R and Zimmerman, J and Johnson, C and Sutton, B},
doi = {10.1515/tnsci-2015-0004},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Translational Neuroscience},
volume = {6},
pages = {20--31},
abstract = {Emerging research on the long-term impact of concussions on athletes has allowed public recognition of the potentially devastating effects of these and other mild head injuries. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a multifaceted disease for which management remains a clinical challenge. Recent pre-clinical and clinical data strongly suggest a destructive synergism between brain temperature elevation and mTBI; conversely, brain hypothermia, with its broader, pleiotropic effects, represents the most potent neuro-protectant in laboratory studies to date. Although well-established in selected clinical conditions, a systemic approach to accomplish regional hypothermia has failed to yield an effective treatment strategy in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, although systemic hypothermia remains a potentially valid treatment strategy for moderate to severe TBIs, it is neither practical nor safe for mTBIs. Therefore, selective head-neck cooling may represent an ideal strategy to provide therapeutic benefits to the brain. Optimizing brain temperature management using a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spacesuit spinoff head-neck cooling technology before and/or after mTBI in contact sports may represent a sensible, practical, and effective method to potentially enhance recover and minimize post-injury deficits. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the anatomical, physiological, preclinical, and clinical data concerning NASA spinoff head-neck cooling technology as a potential treatment for mTBIs, particularly in the context of contact sports. © 2015 Huan Wang et al., licensee De Gruyter Open.},
keywords = {Acceleration, Article, brain concussion, Brain hypothermia, brain perfusion, brain temperature, brain tissue, clinical study, cognition, contact sport, cooling, diving, exercise, exercise induced hyperthermia, experimental study, government, head neck cooling device, Head-neck cooling, human, hyperthermia, induced hypothermia, mild traumatic brain injury, nonhuman, priority journal, randomized controlled trial (topic), sport injury, Sports, surface property, thermal regulating system, thermal stimulation, thermoregulation, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gardner, A J; Iverson, G L; Quinn, T N; Makdissi, M; Levi, C R; Shultz, S R; Wright, D K; Stanwell, P
A preliminary video analysis of concussion in the National Rugby League Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 1182–1185, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, case study, clinical article, Concussion, descriptive research, EPIDEMIOLOGY, human, Incidence, Injury surveillance, observational study, rugby, sport injury, unconsciousness, videorecording
@article{Gardner2015b,
title = {A preliminary video analysis of concussion in the National Rugby League},
author = {Gardner, A J and Iverson, G L and Quinn, T N and Makdissi, M and Levi, C R and Shultz, S R and Wright, D K and Stanwell, P},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1034179},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {10},
pages = {1182--1185},
abstract = {Primary objective: To conduct the first video analysis of concussion in the Australian National Rugby League (NRL) and describe player and injury characteristics, situational factors and time to return to play.Research design: Descriptive, observational case series.Methods and procedures: Video analysis of 20 medically diagnosed concussions for three consenting clubs during the 2013 NRL season.Main outcome and results: Most concussions (83%) occurred during a high tackle, and all injured ball carriers were hit high. Loss of consciousness was observed in 30% of cases. Common observable signs of injury included clutching of the head, balance problems or wobbly legs and a blank or vacant state. There were no post-concussive seizures. All players with loss of consciousness were removed from play. However, only half of the total sample was removed from play and one athlete who was removed returned to play in the same match. Of the players who were removed from play, the large majority returned the following week. Illegal play accounted for 25% of all concussions.Conclusions: Video analysis may be a useful method to study the incidence, mechanism and management of concussion in sports such as Rugby League. Future studies may include larger numbers to validate this preliminary data and may also investigate other levels of play and age ranges. © 2015 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {Article, athlete, Athletes, brain concussion, case study, clinical article, Concussion, descriptive research, EPIDEMIOLOGY, human, Incidence, Injury surveillance, observational study, rugby, sport injury, unconsciousness, videorecording},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ellis, M J; Cordingley, D; Vis, S; Reimer, K; Leiter, J; Russell, K
Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 248–255, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport
@article{Ellis2015,
title = {Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion},
author = {Ellis, M J and Cordingley, D and Vis, S and Reimer, K and Leiter, J and Russell, K},
doi = {10.3171/2015.1.PEDS14524},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {248--255},
abstract = {Object The objective of this study was 2-fold: 1) to examine the prevalence of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) among children and adolescents with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program; and 2) to determine if VOD is associated with the development of PCS in this cohort. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with acute SRC (presenting 30 days or less postinjury) and PCS (3 or more symptoms for at least 1 month) referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program between September 2013 and July 2014. Initial assessment included clinical history, physical examination, and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale assessment. Patients were also assessed for VOD, which was defined as more than one subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, blurred vision, and so on) and more than one objective physical examination finding (abnormal smooth pursuits, saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and so on). This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review board. Results A total of 101 patients (mean age 14.2 years, SD 2.3 years; 63 male and 38 female patients) participated, including 77 (76.2%) with acute SRC and 24 (23.8%) with PCS. Twenty-two of the 77 patients (28.6%) with acute SRC and 15 of the 24 (62.5%) with PCS met the clinical criteria for VOD. The median duration of symptoms was 40 days (interquartile range [IQR] 28.5-54 days) for patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with 21 days (IQR 13-32 days) for those without VOD (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in the adjusted odds of developing PCS among patients with acute SRC who had VOD compared with those without VOD (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.04-16.16). Conclusions Evidence of VOD was detected in a significant proportion of children and adolescents with acute SRC and PCS who were referred to a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program. This clinical feature was a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of PCS in this pediatric acute SRC cohort. © AANS, 2015.},
keywords = {Adolescent, amnesia, Article, Athletic Injuries, Baseball, BASKETBALL, blurred vision, brain concussion, CANADA, Child, childhood disease, cohort analysis, complication, Concussion, consultation, controlled study, disease duration, Dizziness, Female, follow up, football, Hockey, human, Humans, interdisciplinary communication, major clinical study, Male, Manitoba, migraine, neuroimaging, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, ODDS ratio, Pathophysiology, Pediatric, Physical Examination, physiotherapy, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Prevalence, priority journal, Reflex, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, return to sport, saccadic eye movement, skating, skiing, Soccer, sport injury, sport related concussion, Sports-related concussion, Trauma, vestibular physiotherapy, Vestibular therapy, vestibulo ocular dysfunction, Vestibulo-Ocular, Vestibulo-ocular dysfunction, vestibuloocular reflex, VOLLEYBALL, Young Adult, youth sport},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dessy, A M; Rasouli, J; Choudhri, T F
Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery Quarterly, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 423–426, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury
@article{Dessy2015,
title = {Second Impact Syndrome: A Rare, Devastating Consequence of Repetitive Head Injuries},
author = {Dessy, A M and Rasouli, J and Choudhri, T F},
doi = {10.1097/WNQ.0000000000000085},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery Quarterly},
volume = {25},
number = {3},
pages = {423--426},
abstract = {Sports-related concussion has been viewed as a developing public health crisis in recent years. Underrecognition of concussions can lead to premature clearance for athletic participation. Second impact syndrome (SIS) represents a rare, yet devastating, potential outcome of premature return to play. SIS is a condition in which rapid brain swelling occurs as a result of a repeat head injury sustained before symptoms of a previous head injury have resolved. Within minutes of the second impact, diffuse cerebral swelling, brain herniation, and death can occur. There are \<20 documented cases of SIS in the world literature to date, and the general understanding of the syndrome is based largely on interpretation of anecdotal cases. This article reviews current understanding of the epidemiology and pathology of SIS. Given neurosurgeons' role in management of head trauma, it is essential that neurosurgeons acquire and maintain thorough knowledge of concussion diagnosis, treatment, and management. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Article, brain concussion, clinical feature, Concussion, Dizziness, fatigue, headache, human, hyperemia, intracranial hypertension, memory disorder, Neck pain, neuropathology, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, respiratory failure, Second impact syndrome, sport injury, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sikoglu, E M; Liso Navarro, A A; Czerniak, S M; McCafferty, J; Eisenstock, J; Stevenson, J H; King, J A; Moore, C M
Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Journal Article
In: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 181–187, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult
@article{Sikoglu2015,
title = {Effects of Recent Concussion on Brain Bioenergetics: A Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study},
author = {Sikoglu, E M and {Liso Navarro}, A A and Czerniak, S M and McCafferty, J and Eisenstock, J and Stevenson, J H and King, J A and Moore, C M},
doi = {10.1097/WNN.0000000000000076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {181--187},
abstract = {Background: Although clinical evaluations and neurocognitive assessments are commonly used to evaluate the extent of and recovery from concussion, brain bioenergetics could provide a more quantitative marker. The neurometabolic response to a concussion is thought to increase neuronal energy consumption and thus the demand for nucleoside triphosphate (NTP). Objective: We investigated the possible disruption in high-energy metabolism within the prefrontal cortex of college athletes who had either had a concussion within the past 6 months (n=14) or had never had a concussion (n=13). We hypothesized that concussed athletes would have imbalanced brain bioenergetics resulting from increased NTP consumption, and these biochemical changes would correspond to impaired cognitive abilities. Methods: We used phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify high-energy phosphates. We performed the neuroimaging in conjunction with neurocognitive assessments targeting prefrontal cortex-mediated tasks. Results: Our results revealed significantly lower $gamma$-NTP levels in the athletes after concussion. Although the concussed and non-concussed participants performed similarly in neurocognitive assessments, lower levels of $gamma$-NTP were associated with worse scores on neurocognitive tasks. Conclusions: Our results support the concept of increased energy demand in the prefrontal cortex of a concussed brain, and we found that while neurocognitive assessments appear normal, brain energetics may be abnormal. A longitudinal study could help establish brain NTP levels as a biomarker to aid in diagnosis and to assess recovery in concussed patients. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, biochemical analysis, bioenergy, brain concussion, clinical article, cognition, college, Concussion, energy consumption, Energy Metabolism, Female, high energy phosphate, human, Humans, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, metabolism, MR spectroscopy (phosphorus-31), neuroimaging, NTP, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nucleoside, nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleosides, Pathophysiology, phosphate, Phosphates, phosphorus, Phosphorus Isotopes, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, PHYSIOLOGY, Prefrontal Cortex, priority journal, procedures, sport injury, Universities, university, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Phillips, S; Woessner, D
Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Article
In: Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 243–248, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, Athletic Injuries, attention deficit disorder, balance disorder, Balance Error Scoring System, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, body equilibrium, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, coordination disorder, depression, Dizziness, drowsiness, evaluation and follow up, headache, human, Humans, irritability, meclozine, memory disorder, mental concentration, Mild TBI guidelines, mild traumatic brain injury, mood change, mTBI, nausea, NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paracetamol, personal hygiene, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Health Care, priority journal, procedures, recurrent disease, rest, Review, scoring system, Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3, Sideline concussion assessment tool 3 (SCAT3), sleep disorder, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Sports-related, Tomography, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, VERTIGO, visual disorder, vomiting, X-Ray Computed
@article{Phillips2015b,
title = {Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury},
author = {Phillips, S and Woessner, D},
doi = {10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.010},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice},
volume = {42},
number = {2},
pages = {243--248},
abstract = {Concussions have garnered more attention in the medical literature, media, and social media. As such, in the nomenclature according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the term concussion has been supplanted by the term mild traumatic brain injury. Current numbers indicate that 1.7 million TBIs are documented annually, with estimates around 3 million annually (173,285 sports- and recreation-related TBIs among children and adolescents). The Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3 and the NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool are commonly used sideline tools. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
keywords = {Anxiety, Athletic Injuries, attention deficit disorder, balance disorder, Balance Error Scoring System, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, body equilibrium, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, clinical assessment tool, computer assisted tomography, Concussion, coordination disorder, depression, Dizziness, drowsiness, evaluation and follow up, headache, human, Humans, irritability, meclozine, memory disorder, mental concentration, Mild TBI guidelines, mild traumatic brain injury, mood change, mTBI, nausea, NFL Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paracetamol, personal hygiene, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Health Care, priority journal, procedures, recurrent disease, rest, Review, scoring system, Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool 3, Sideline concussion assessment tool 3 (SCAT3), sleep disorder, Sport, sport injury, Sports, Sports-related, Tomography, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, VERTIGO, visual disorder, vomiting, X-Ray Computed},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Marinides, Z; Galetta, K M; Andrews, C N; Wilson, J A; Herman, D C; Robinson, C D; Smith, M S; Bentley, B C; Galetta, S L; Balcer, L J; Clugston, J R
Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Neurology: Clinical Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Article, athlete, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, clinical assessment, Female, football, human, King Devick Test, major clinical study, Male, priority journal, Soccer, sport injury, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, vision test
@article{Marinides2015,
title = {Vision testing is additive to the sideline assessment of sports-related concussion},
author = {Marinides, Z and Galetta, K M and Andrews, C N and Wilson, J A and Herman, D C and Robinson, C D and Smith, M S and Bentley, B C and Galetta, S L and Balcer, L J and Clugston, J R},
doi = {10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000060},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology: Clinical Practice},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {25--34},
abstract = {We examined the King-Devick (K-D) test, a vision-based test of rapid number naming, as a complement to components of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd edition (SCAT3) for diagnosis of concussion. Baseline and postconcussion data for the University of Florida men's football, women's soccer, and women's lacrosse teams were collected, including the K-D test, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), and Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Among 30 athletes with first concussion during their athletic season (n 5 217 total), differences from baseline to postinjury showed worsening of K-D time scores in 79%, while SAC showed a ≥2- point worsening in 52%. Combining K-D and SAC captured abnormalities in 89%; adding the BESS identified 100% of concussions. Adding a vision-based test may enhance the detection of athletes with concussion. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Article, athlete, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, clinical assessment, Female, football, human, King Devick Test, major clinical study, Male, priority journal, Soccer, sport injury, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, vision test},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Meehan, W P; Jordaan, M; Prabhu, S P; Carew, L; Mannix, R C; Proctor, M R
Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low Journal Article
In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 133–137, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, Arnold Chiari malformation, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, BASKETBALL, Brain Injuries, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid flow, Child, cohort analysis, Cohort Studies, coma, Concussion, Death, descriptive research, digestive tract parameters, Female, football, foramen magnum, human, Humans, ice hockey, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, major clinical study, Male, MORTALITY, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paralysis, paresthesia, pathology, patient participation, priority journal, questionnaire, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, RISK assessment, risk factor, Soccer, sport injury, Surveys and Questionnaires, terminal disease, Young Adult
@article{Meehan2015,
title = {Risk of athletes with chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low},
author = {Meehan, W P and Jordaan, M and Prabhu, S P and Carew, L and Mannix, R C and Proctor, M R},
doi = {10.1097/JSM.0000000000000107},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {133--137},
abstract = {Objective: To estimate the risk of athletes with Chiari malformations sustaining a catastrophic injury. Design: Retrospective, descriptive cohort study. Participants: All patients diagnosed with Chiari malformation at our institution between June 2008 and November 2011. Assessment of Risk Factors: Participants were mailed a questionnaire regarding the number of seasons they participated in organized athletics. Magnetic resonance images were reviewed to describe the characteristics of respondent's Chiari malformations. Main Outcome Measures: Whether or not the patient had sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Results: We had a 53% (N = 147) response rate. Respondents were of a mean age of 15 years (SD, 2 years) at the time of diagnosis. The mean length of protrusion of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum was 11.2 mm (SD, 5.7 mm). Most of the respondents had pointed cerebellar tonsils and some degree of crowding within the foramen magnum. During a total of 1627 athletic seasons played by patients with Chiari malformation, 0 respondents [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.0000-0.0023] sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Likewise, during 191 collision sport athletic seasons, 0 (95% CI, 0.0000-0.0191) respondents sustained an injury resulting in death, coma, or paralysis. Conclusions: The risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries during sports participation is low. This estimate of risk should be considered when making return-toplay decisions. Given the variability of anatomical consideration for patients with Chiari malformations, however, each return-to-play decision must continue to be made on a case-by-case basis, considering all of the available information. Clinical Relevance: The low risk of athletes with Chiari malformations suffering catastrophic injuries in sports should be considered when making return-to-play decisions. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, Arnold Chiari malformation, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Article, athlete, Athletes, Athletic Injuries, BASKETBALL, Brain Injuries, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid flow, Child, cohort analysis, Cohort Studies, coma, Concussion, Death, descriptive research, digestive tract parameters, Female, football, foramen magnum, human, Humans, ice hockey, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, major clinical study, Male, MORTALITY, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, paralysis, paresthesia, pathology, patient participation, priority journal, questionnaire, Retrospective Studies, retrospective study, RISK assessment, risk factor, Soccer, sport injury, Surveys and Questionnaires, terminal disease, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Liu, C Y; Law, M; Romano, R
Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries Journal Article
In: World Neurosurgery, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1556–1557, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance
@article{Liu2015,
title = {Rational approach to understanding and preventing sports-related traumatic brain injuries},
author = {Liu, C Y and Law, M and Romano, R},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2015.07.076},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {World Neurosurgery},
volume = {84},
number = {6},
pages = {1556--1557},
keywords = {accelerometer, ACCELEROMETRY, biological marker, brain, brain concussion, brain hemorrhage, cognitive defect, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Electroencephalography, emergency health service, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet, high risk patient, human, Humans, Injuries, Male, neuroimaging, neuromodulation, neuroprotective agent, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Occupational Exposure, protective equipment, Review, risk factor, risk reduction, SAFETY, skiing, Snowboarding, sport injury, Traumatic, traumatic brain injury, viscoelastic substance},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
Tackling in youth football Journal Article
In: Pediatrics, vol. 136, no. 5, pp. e1419–e1430, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, ankle injury, athlete, Athletic Injuries, causal attribution, Child, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, disease association, football, hand injury, head and neck injury, human, Humans, Injuries, injury severity, knee injury, muscle training, Neck Injuries, Neck muscle, nonhuman, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, protective equipment, quadriplegia, Review, sport injury, standards, strategic planning
@article{Anonymous2015,
title = {Tackling in youth football},
author = {Anonymous},
doi = {10.1542/peds.2015-3282},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Pediatrics},
volume = {136},
number = {5},
pages = {e1419--e1430},
abstract = {American football remains one of the most popular sports for young athletes. The injuries sustained during football, especially those to the head and neck, have been a topic of intense interest recently in both the public media and medical literature. The recognition of these injuries and the potential for longterm sequelae have led some physicians to call for a reduction in the number of contact practices, a postponement of tackling until a certain age, and even a ban on high school football. This statement reviews the literature regarding injuries in football, particularly those of the head and neck, the relationship between tackling and football-related injuries, and the potential effects of limiting or delaying tackling on injury risk. © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.},
keywords = {Adolescent, ankle injury, athlete, Athletic Injuries, causal attribution, Child, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, disease association, football, hand injury, head and neck injury, human, Humans, Injuries, injury severity, knee injury, muscle training, Neck Injuries, Neck muscle, nonhuman, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, protective equipment, quadriplegia, Review, sport injury, standards, strategic planning},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vassilyadi, M; Macartney, G; Barrowman, N; Anderson, P; Dube, K
Symptom experience and quality of life in children after sport-related head injuries: A cross-sectional study Journal Article
In: Pediatric Neurosurgery, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 196–203, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Adolescent, adult, affect, Article, Athletic Injuries, behavior disorder, brain concussion, Child, clinical article, clinical assessment, cognitive defect, Cognitive Efficiency Index, complication, Concussion, Concussion Symptom Scale, controlled study, Craniocerebral Trauma, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, fatigue, Female, head injury, headache, human, Humans, Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive, Likert scale, Male, memory disorder, mild traumatic brain injury, neuropsychological test, noise, Paediatric patients, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, psychology, quality of life, rating scale, scoring system, Sport, sport injury, Sports, symptom, time factor, Time Factors, traumatic brain injury, trends
@article{Vassilyadi2015,
title = {Symptom experience and quality of life in children after sport-related head injuries: A cross-sectional study},
author = {Vassilyadi, M and Macartney, G and Barrowman, N and Anderson, P and Dube, K},
doi = {10.1159/000431232},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Pediatric Neurosurgery},
volume = {50},
number = {4},
pages = {196--203},
abstract = {Background: Sports are a major cause of concussions, and little is known about the symptom experience and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in children who remain symptomatic for over 3 months following such head injuries. Methods: A cross-sectional study of children aged 10-18 years was performed who were referred to the Neurosurgery Clinic at our centre following a head injury. Symptom experience was measured using the modified Concussion Symptom Scale, and HRQL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) was administered to assess neurocognitive and neurobehavioural sequelae. Results: Symptoms with the highest mean symptom scores on a Likert scale of 0-6 in 35 children at the time of assessment included headaches (3.1), poor concentration (2.7), memory problems (2.1), fatigue (2.1) and sensitivity to noise (2.0). Compared with normative data, children in this study had ImPACT summary scores between the 28th and 38th percentiles and a comparably low Cognitive Efficiency Index score. Mean scores for females were consistently statistically significantly lower (p \< 0.05) than for males across all of the HRQL domains. Trouble falling asleep and memory problems explained 62% of the variance in the PedsQL total scores. Conclusions: Children continue to experience many symptoms at least 3 months following sport-related head injuries that significantly impact their HRQL and neurocognitive abilities. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, affect, Article, Athletic Injuries, behavior disorder, brain concussion, Child, clinical article, clinical assessment, cognitive defect, Cognitive Efficiency Index, complication, Concussion, Concussion Symptom Scale, controlled study, Craniocerebral Trauma, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, fatigue, Female, head injury, headache, human, Humans, Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive, Likert scale, Male, memory disorder, mild traumatic brain injury, neuropsychological test, noise, Paediatric patients, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, postconcussion syndrome, priority journal, psychology, quality of life, rating scale, scoring system, Sport, sport injury, Sports, symptom, time factor, Time Factors, traumatic brain injury, trends},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexander, D G; Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B; Kidd, M; Malcolm, C M
Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1113–1125, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome
@article{Alexander2015,
title = {Mild traumatic brain injuries in early adolescent rugby players: Long-term neurocognitive and academic outcomes},
author = {Alexander, D G and Shuttleworth-Edwards, A B and Kidd, M and Malcolm, C M},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1031699},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1113--1125},
abstract = {Background: Information is scant concerning enduring brain injury effects of participation in the contact sport of Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) on early adolescents.Objective: The objective was prospectively to investigate differences between young adolescent male rugby players and non-contact sports controls on neurocognitive test performance over 3 years and academic achievement over 6 years.Method: A sample of boys from the same school and grade was divided into three groups: rugby with seasonal concussions (n = 45), rugby no seasonal concussions (n = 21) and non-contact sports controls (n = 30). Baseline neurocognitive testing was conducted pre-season in Grade 7 and post-season in Grades 8 and 9. Year-end academic grades were documented for Grades 6-9 and 12 (pre-high school to year of school leaving). A mixed model repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to investigate comparative neurocognitive and academic outcomes between the three sub-groups.Results: Compared with controls, both rugby groups were significantly lower on the WISC-III Coding Immediate Recall sub-test. There was a significant interaction effect on the academic measure, with improved scores over time for controls, that was not in evidence for either rugby group.Conclusions: Tentatively, the outcome suggests cognitive vulnerability in association with school level participation in rugby. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {academic achievement, Academic performance, ADOLESCENCE, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, Brain Injuries, Child, cognition, Concussion, controlled study, Educational Status, football, human, Humans, Injuries, intelligence test, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal studies, longitudinal study, major clinical study, Male, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Neuropsychological Tests, Pathophysiology, Prospective Studies, prospective study, psychologic test, psychology, rugby, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, TASK performance, traumatic brain injury, treatment outcome},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Baker, J G; Leddy, J J; Darling, S R; Rieger, B P; Mashtare, T L; Sharma, T; Willer, B S
Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Clinical Pediatrics, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 961–968, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult
@article{Baker2015,
title = {Factors Associated with Problems for Adolescents Returning to the Classroom after Sport-Related Concussion},
author = {Baker, J G and Leddy, J J and Darling, S R and Rieger, B P and Mashtare, T L and Sharma, T and Willer, B S},
doi = {10.1177/0009922815588820},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Pediatrics},
volume = {54},
number = {10},
pages = {961--968},
abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to determine factors in the clinic setting associated with concussion-related problems in the school setting. A total of 91 student athletes, 13 to 19 years old, completed the SCAT2 and computerized testing during their initial visit to the clinic. During a follow-up telephone interview, one-third reported problems with return to school. The presence of problems reported in school was associated with severity of concussion as represented by recovery time and the overall number of symptoms at the first clinic visit. Gender, age, and previous concussions were not associated with school problems. Athletes with computerized test scores below the ninth percentile were more likely to report school problems. The current study offers some descriptive information for clinicians and ideas for future research related to adolescent athletes with concussion and problems with return to the classroom. © SAGE Publications.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adolescent disease, adult, Article, athlete, Athletic Injuries, brain concussion, computer testing, Concussion, disease association, disease severity, Female, follow up, Follow-Up Studies, health service, human, Humans, interview, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, major clinical study, Male, Pathophysiology, receiver operating characteristic, recovery time, Recurrence, recurrent disease, return to learn, ROC Curve, school, school problems, sport injury, Sport-related concussion, statistical model, Symptoms, telephone interview, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
McDevitt, J; Tierney, R T; Phillips, J; Gaughan, J P; Torg, J S; Krynetskiy, E
Association between GRIN2A promoter polymorphism and recovery from concussion Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 13-14, pp. 1674–1681, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Article, athlete, brain concussion, Brain Injury, calcium, capillary electrophoresis, CONVALESCENCE, DNA, Female, gene frequency, genetic association, genetic polymorphism, genetic variability, GENOTYPE, heterozygote, human, inheritance, major clinical study, Male, n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor 2A, NR2A sub-unit, pedigree analysis, promoter region, sport injury, variable number of tandem repeat
@article{McDevitt2015,
title = {Association between GRIN2A promoter polymorphism and recovery from concussion},
author = {McDevitt, J and Tierney, R T and Phillips, J and Gaughan, J P and Torg, J S and Krynetskiy, E},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1075252},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {13-14},
pages = {1674--1681},
abstract = {Objective: To determine genetic variability within the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2A sub-unit (GRIN2A) gene promoter and its association with concussion recovery time. The hypothesis tested was that there would be a difference in allele and/or genotype distribution between two groups of athletes with normal and prolonged recovery.Methods: DNA was extracted from saliva collected from a total of 87 athletes with a physician-diagnosed concussion. The (GT) variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) within the promoter region of GRIN2A was genotyped. The long (L) allele was an allele with ≥25 repeats and the short (S) allele was an allele with \<25 repeats in the GT tract. Participants recovery time was followed prospectively and was categorized as normal (≤60 days) or prolonged (\>60 days).Results: LL carriers were 6-times more likely to recover longer than 60 days following the concussive event (p = 0.0433) when compared to SS carriers. Additionally, L allele carriers were found more frequently in the prolonged recovery group (p = 0.048).Conclusion: Determining genetic influence on concussion recovery will aid in future development of genetic counselling. The clinical relevance of genotyping athletes could improve management of athletes who experience concussion injuries. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {adult, Article, athlete, brain concussion, Brain Injury, calcium, capillary electrophoresis, CONVALESCENCE, DNA, Female, gene frequency, genetic association, genetic polymorphism, genetic variability, GENOTYPE, heterozygote, human, inheritance, major clinical study, Male, n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor 2A, NR2A sub-unit, pedigree analysis, promoter region, sport injury, variable number of tandem repeat},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brown, J C; Viljoen, W; Lambert, M I; Readhead, C; Fuller, C; Van Mechelen, W; Verhagen, E
The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments Journal Article
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 394–399, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries
@article{Brown2015b,
title = {The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments},
author = {Brown, J C and Viljoen, W and Lambert, M I and Readhead, C and Fuller, C and {Van Mechelen}, W and Verhagen, E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {394--399},
abstract = {Objectives: Rugby Union ("rugby") is a popular sport with high injury risk. Burden of injury is described by the incidence and severity of injury. However reports have ignored the monetary cost of injuries. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the monetary cost associated with youth rugby injuries. Design: This descriptive study quantified medical treatments of injured players at the South African Rugby Union Youth tournaments in 2011/2012 and the days of work parents missed as a result of the injuries. A health insurer used these data to calculate associated costs. Methods: Legal guardians of the 421 injured players were contacted telephonically on a weekly basis until they returned to play. Treatments costs were estimated in South African Rands based on 2013 insurance rates and converted to US$ using purchasing power parities. Results: Of the 3652 players, 2% (n=71) sought medical care after the tournament. For these players, average treatment costs were high (US$731 per player, 95% CI: US$425-US$1096), with fractures being the most expensive type of injury. Players with medical insurance had higher costs (US$937, 95% CI: US$486-US$1500) than those without (US$220, 95% CI: US$145-US$302). Conclusions: Although a minority of players sought follow-up treatment after the tournaments, the cost of these injuries was high. Players without medical insurance having lower costs may indicate that these players did not receive adequate treatment for their injuries. Injury prevention efforts should consider injuries with high costs and the treatment of players without medical insurance. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {Absenteeism, Adolescent, adult, Article, Athletic Injuries, Back Injuries, biokinetics, bone, Child, competition, Concussion, contusion, Craniocerebral Trauma, economic evaluation, economics, follow up, football, Football/economics, Football/economics/cost analysis, Football/injuries (MeSH terms), fracture, Fractures, head injury, Health, health care cost, Health Care Costs, health insurance, human, Humans, Injuries, injury, injury scale, Insurance, laceration, legal guardian, Lower Extremity, lower limb, major clinical study, Male, MEDICAL care, muscle cramp, muscle strain, Neck Injuries, neck injury, Occupational Therapy, Parent, physical medicine, physiotherapy, radiodiagnosis, rugby, skin bruising, SOUTH Africa, sport injury, Trauma Severity Indices, Upper Extremity, upper limb, Wounds and Injuries},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Timpka, T; Jacobsson, J; Ekberg, J; Finch, C F; Bichenbach, J; Edouard, P; Bargoria, V; Branco, P; Alonso, J M
In: Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 643–650, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, athletic performance, clinical examination, competition, Concussion, Consensus, Epidemiologic Methods, epidemiological data, EPIDEMIOLOGY, football, head injury, health service, human, Humans, information processing, Injuries, Medline, meta analysis, METHODOLOGY, musculoskeletal disease, neck injury, nomenclature, Overuse injuries, physical education, procedures, Qualitative methods, Research Design, Review, self report, sport injury, Sports epidemiology, sports injury, SPORTS medicine, Systematic Review, tennis, Terminology, Terminology as Topic, track and field, training
@article{Timpka2015,
title = {Meta-narrative analysis of sports injury reporting practices based on the Injury Definitions Concept Framework (IDCF): A review of consensus statements and epidemiological studies in athletics (track and field)},
author = {Timpka, T and Jacobsson, J and Ekberg, J and Finch, C F and Bichenbach, J and Edouard, P and Bargoria, V and Branco, P and Alonso, J M},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsams.2014.11.393},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Science \& Medicine in Sport},
volume = {18},
number = {6},
pages = {643--650},
abstract = {Objectives: Consistency in routines for reporting injury has been a focus of development efforts in sports epidemiology for a long time. To gain an improved understanding of current reporting practices, we applied the Injury Definitions Concept Framework (IDCF) in a review of injury reporting in a subset of the field. Design: Meta-narrative review. Methods: An analysis of injury definitions reported in consensus statements for different sports and studies of injury epidemiology in athletics (track and field) published in PubMed between 1980 and 2013 was performed. Separate narratives for each of the three reporting contexts in the IDCF were constructed from the data. Results: Six consensus statements and 14 studies reporting on athletics injury epidemiology fulfilled the selection criteria. The narratives on sports performance, clinical examination, and athlete self-report contexts were evenly represented in the eligible studies. The sports performance and athlete self-report narratives covered both professional and community athletes as well as training and competition settings. In the clinical examination narrative, data collection by health service professionals was linked to studies of professional athletes at international championships. Conclusions: From an application of the IDCF in a review of injury reporting in sports epidemiology we observed a parallel usage of reporting contexts in this field of research. The co-existence of reporting methodologies does not necessarily reflect a problematic situation, but only provided that firm precautions are taken when comparing studies performed in the different contexts. © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia.},
keywords = {accident, athletic performance, clinical examination, competition, Concussion, Consensus, Epidemiologic Methods, epidemiological data, EPIDEMIOLOGY, football, head injury, health service, human, Humans, information processing, Injuries, Medline, meta analysis, METHODOLOGY, musculoskeletal disease, neck injury, nomenclature, Overuse injuries, physical education, procedures, Qualitative methods, Research Design, Review, self report, sport injury, Sports epidemiology, sports injury, SPORTS medicine, Systematic Review, tennis, Terminology, Terminology as Topic, track and field, training},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mirabelli, M H; Devine, M J; Singh, J; Mendoza, M
The preparticipation sports evaluation Journal Article
In: American Family Physician, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 371–376, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Article, asthma, athlete, bleeding disorder, bronchospasm, cardiovascular disease, drug abuse, Eating disorder, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, Epilepsy, heart murmur, hematologic disease, HISTORY, human, imaging, lung disease, Marfan syndrome, medical society, mental disease, Morbidity, MORTALITY, musculoskeletal injury, neurologic disease, Physical Examination, physical performance, social participation, Sport, sport injury, sudden death, urinalysis
@article{Mirabelli2015,
title = {The preparticipation sports evaluation},
author = {Mirabelli, M H and Devine, M J and Singh, J and Mendoza, M},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Family Physician},
volume = {92},
number = {5},
pages = {371--376},
abstract = {The preparticipation physical evaluation is a commonly requested medical visit for amateur and professional athletes of all ages. The overarching goal is to maximize the health of athletes and their safe participation in sports. Although studies have not found that the preparticipation physical evaluation prevents morbidity and mortality associated with sports, it may detect conditions that predispose the athlete to injury or illness and can provide strategies to prevent injuries. Clearance depends on the outcome of the evaluation and the type of sport (and sometimes position or event) in which the athlete participates. All persons undergoing a preparticipation physical evaluation should be questioned about exertional symptoms, presence of a heart murmur, symptoms of Marfan syndrome, and family history of premature serious cardiac conditions or sudden death. The physical examination should focus on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. U.S. medical and athletic organizations discourage screening electrocardiography and blood and urine testing in asymptomatic patients. Further evaluation should be considered for persons with heart or lung disease, bleeding disorders, musculoskeletal problems, history of concussion, or other neurologic disorders. © 2015 American Academy of Family Physicians.},
keywords = {Article, asthma, athlete, bleeding disorder, bronchospasm, cardiovascular disease, drug abuse, Eating disorder, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, Epilepsy, heart murmur, hematologic disease, HISTORY, human, imaging, lung disease, Marfan syndrome, medical society, mental disease, Morbidity, MORTALITY, musculoskeletal injury, neurologic disease, Physical Examination, physical performance, social participation, Sport, sport injury, sudden death, urinalysis},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Billock, R M; Anderegg, J J; Mehan, T J; Chounthirath, T; Smith, G A
Zipline-related injuries treated in US EDs, 1997-2012 Journal Article
In: American Journal of Emergency Medicine, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 1745–1749, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Accidental Falls, Adolescent, adult, arm fracture, Article, body regions, Child, Concussion, emergency health service, Emergency Service, emergency ward, EPIDEMIOLOGY, falling, Female, head and neck injury, head injury, Hospital, hospitalization, human, Humans, Infant, leg injury, major clinical study, Male, Newborn, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, recreation, residential area, SAFETY, soft tissue injury, sport injury, sprain, statistics and numerical data, trunk injury, UNITED States, Wounds and Injuries, Young Adult, zipline related injury
@article{Billock2015,
title = {Zipline-related injuries treated in US EDs, 1997-2012},
author = {Billock, R M and Anderegg, J J and Mehan, T J and Chounthirath, T and Smith, G A},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajem.2015.08.022},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Emergency Medicine},
volume = {33},
number = {12},
pages = {1745--1749},
abstract = {Purpose To investigate the epidemiology of zipline-related injuries in the United States. Basic Procedures The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was used to examine non-fatal zipline-related injuries treated in US emergency departments (EDs) from 1997 through 2012. Sample weights were applied to calculate national estimates. Main Findings From 1997 through 2012, an estimated 16 850 (95% CI, 13 188-20 512) zipline-related injuries were treated in US EDs. The annual injury rate per 1 million population increased by 52.3% from 7.64 (95% CI, 4.86-10.42) injuries in 2009 (the first year with a stable annual estimate) to 11.64 (95% CI, 7.83-15.45) injuries in 2012. Patients aged 0-9 years accounted for 45.0% of injuries, females made up 53.1% of injuries, and 11.7% of patients required hospitalization. Fractures accounted for the largest proportion of injuries (46.7%), and the upper extremities were the most commonly injured body region (44.1%). Falls were the most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 77.3% of injuries. Among cases where the location of the injury event was known, 30.8% of injuries occurred in a residential setting and 69.2% occurred in a public place. Principal Conclusions This study is the first to characterize the epidemiology of zipline-related injuries using a nationally representative database. The rapid increase in zipline-related injuries in recent years suggests the need for additional safety guidelines and regulations. Commercial ziplines and publicly accessible non-commercial ziplines should be subject to uniform safety standards in all states and jurisdictions across the US, and homemade ziplines should not be used. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
keywords = {Accidental Falls, Adolescent, adult, arm fracture, Article, body regions, Child, Concussion, emergency health service, Emergency Service, emergency ward, EPIDEMIOLOGY, falling, Female, head and neck injury, head injury, Hospital, hospitalization, human, Humans, Infant, leg injury, major clinical study, Male, Newborn, Preschool, preschool child, priority journal, recreation, residential area, SAFETY, soft tissue injury, sport injury, sprain, statistics and numerical data, trunk injury, UNITED States, Wounds and Injuries, Young Adult, zipline related injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lefebvre, G; Tremblay, S; Théoret, H
Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1032–1043, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult
@article{Lefebvre2015,
title = {Probing the effects of mild traumatic brain injury with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex},
author = {Lefebvre, G and Tremblay, S and Th\'{e}oret, H},
doi = {10.3109/02699052.2015.1028447},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {29},
number = {9},
pages = {1032--1043},
abstract = {Primary objective: The present paper systematically reviews studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) to assess cortical excitability, intra-cortical inhibition/facilitation and synaptic plasticity following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods: Articles using TMS over M1 in patients with mTBI or sport-related concussion indexed in PubMed and published between 1998 and September 2014 were included in the present review.Main outcomes and results: From the 17 articles that matched search criteria, results from various TMS paradigms were summarized and divided in three main areas of interest: motor cortical excitability/facilitation, motor cortical inhibition and cortical plasticity. Although studies suggest a trend of abnormal intra-cortical inhibition following mTBI, no clear and specific pattern emerges from the surveyed data.Conclusions: At this time and with the possible exception of intra-cortical inhibitory measures, TMS cannot reliably detect changes in M1 excitability in individuals with mTBI or a concussion at both the acute and chronic stages of injury. This may be explained by the small number of studies and large variety of stimulation parameters. Additional longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to better understand the nature of the excitability changes that may occur within M1 following mTBI. © 2015 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.},
keywords = {4 aminobutyric acid B receptor, adult, aged, Article, brain concussion, brain cortex, Brain Injuries, central motor conduction time, clinical assessment, Concussion, cortical excitability, electrostimulation, evoked muscle response, Evoked Potentials, Female, human, Humans, Inhibition, latent inhibition, latent period, long interval intracortical inhibition, magnetic stimulation, Male, Medline, middle aged, Motor, motor cortex, motor evoked potential, motor nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nerve cell excitability, nerve cell plasticity, neuromuscular facilitation, Neuronal Plasticity, outcome assessment, paired associative stimulation, Pathophysiology, PHYSIOLOGY, postsynaptic inhibition, primary motor cortex, procedures, short interval intracortical inhibition, short latency afferent inhibition, sport injury, stimulus response, Systematic Review, therapy effect, theta burst stimulation, TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, traumatic brain injury, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Makdissi, M; Davis, G; McCrory, P
Clinical challenges in the diagnosis and assessment of sports-related concussion Journal Article
In: Neurology: Clinical Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2–5, 2015.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: athlete, biological marker, checklist, clinical assessment, clinical evaluation, clinical study, competition, Concussion, Consensus, CONVALESCENCE, cost control, DECISION making, false negative result, functional disease, gold standard, human, learning, long term care, medical assessment, medical decision making, priority journal, prospective study, reaction time, recall, retrospective study, Review, risk factor, saccadic eye movement, self report, Sensitivity and Specificity, short term memory, sport injury, symptom, test retest reliability, visual system
@article{Makdissi2015,
title = {Clinical challenges in the diagnosis and assessment of sports-related concussion},
author = {Makdissi, M and Davis, G and McCrory, P},
doi = {10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000061},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology: Clinical Practice},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {2--5},
keywords = {athlete, biological marker, checklist, clinical assessment, clinical evaluation, clinical study, competition, Concussion, Consensus, CONVALESCENCE, cost control, DECISION making, false negative result, functional disease, gold standard, human, learning, long term care, medical assessment, medical decision making, priority journal, prospective study, reaction time, recall, retrospective study, Review, risk factor, saccadic eye movement, self report, Sensitivity and Specificity, short term memory, sport injury, symptom, test retest reliability, visual system},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Moran, B; Tadikonda, P; Sneed, K B; Hummel, M; Guiteau, S; Coris, E E
Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians Journal Article
In: Southern Medical Journal, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 553–558, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption
@article{Moran2015,
title = {Postconcussive Syndrome Following Sports-related Concussion: A Treatment Overview for Primary Care Physicians},
author = {Moran, B and Tadikonda, P and Sneed, K B and Hummel, M and Guiteau, S and Coris, E E},
doi = {10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
volume = {108},
number = {9},
pages = {553--558},
abstract = {Postconcussive syndrome is an increasingly recognized outcome of sports-related concussion (SRC), characterized by a constellation of poorly defined symptoms. Treatment of PCS is significantly different from that of SRC alone. Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate these patients, but some are unfamiliar with the available therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SRC and descriptions of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to allow primary care physicians to provide evidence-based care to patients experiencing postconcussive syndrome. © 2015 by The Southern Medical Association.},
keywords = {alternative medicine, Amantadine, antidepressant agent, Antidepressive Agents, anxiety disorder, Article, Athletic Injuries, benzodiazepine derivative, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, carbamazepine, cognitive therapy, complication, Concussion, dexamphetamine, diet therapy, disease course, disease severity, Dopamine Agents, dopamine receptor stimulating agent, evidence based medicine, exercise, general practitioner, human, Humans, lamotrigine, Major Depression, METHYLPHENIDATE, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, NEUROCHEMISTRY, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, pharmacologic therapy, Physicians, Post-Concussion Syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, Postconcussive syndrome, Primary Care, Primary Health Care, primary medical care, rehabilitation care, rehabilitative therapy, return to sport, sport injury, sports related concussion, symptom, traumatic brain injury, tricyclic antidepressant agent, Vestibular rehabilitation, work resumption},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Edlow, B L; Hinson, H E
Blowing the whistle on sports concussions Journal Article
In: Neurology, vol. 85, no. 17, pp. 1442–1443, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling
@article{Edlow2015,
title = {Blowing the whistle on sports concussions},
author = {Edlow, B L and Hinson, H E},
doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000001902},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Neurology},
volume = {85},
number = {17},
pages = {1442--1443},
abstract = {On March 13, 2015, Chris Borland, a star rookie linebacker on the San Francisco 49ers, announced his early retirement from professional football, citing concerns about chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Borland, who had a history of 2 diagnosed concussions, walked away from a multi-million-dollar contract and potential sports superstardom, explaining that "from what I've researched and what I've experienced, I don't think it's worth the risk." 1 Perhaps just as surprising as Borland's announcement was the support he received from teammates and other athletes-support that reflects a growing recognition in the athletic community that repetitive head trauma may be associated with CTE and other forms of dementia. 2 Indeed, in a recent legal settlement, the National Football League estimated that approximately 30% of its former players will develop dementia. At the high school and college levels, state legislatures and universities have enacted limits to the number of full-contact practices, citing similar concerns about concussions. These developments have prompted a societal conversation about the risks of contact sports. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Alzheimer disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Concussion, contact sport, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, football, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, Hockey, human, memory disorder, mood disorder, pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, priority journal, Review, rugby, Soccer, sport injury, sports concussion, traumatic brain injury, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hinton-Bayre, A D
Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion Journal Article
In: Brain Impairment, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 80–89, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Article, athlete, Australian, Concussion, controlled study, data processing, diagnostic test accuracy study, disease association, disease classification, human, major clinical study, Male, medical assessment, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Patient Assessment, psychopathy, receiver operating characteristic, reference value, reliability, reliable change, rugby, scoring system, sensitivity analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity, sport injury
@article{Hinton-Bayre2015,
title = {Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion},
author = {Hinton-Bayre, A D},
doi = {10.1017/BrImp.2015.14},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Brain Impairment},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
pages = {80--89},
abstract = {Objective: Obtaining baseline neuropsychological (NP) data to assist management of sports-related concussion has been considered the standard of care. The validity of this approach has been questioned, with suggestions that post-concussion testing alone will suffice. The present study compared the sensitivity of baseline and normative paradigms in the setting of sports-related concussion. Method: Baseline NP data were collected for 194 Australian rugby league athletes on a brief battery of paper-and-pencil NP tests. During competition, 27 athletes sustaining concussion referred from a sports physician were retested within two days of injury. Twenty-six uninjured controls were assessed at similar intervals. The baseline paradigm was assessed using a reliable change index for pre- and post-concussion scores. The normative paradigm was assessed comparing the post-concussion score to a normative mean. Results: The baseline paradigm was consistently more sensitive to negative change following concussion than the normative paradigm when using continuous data, despite reasonable agreement. However, when data were categorised as 'impaired' or 'not-impaired', using either 68% or 90% confidence intervals, the difference between paradigms failed to reach significance. Comparison of ROC curves for both paradigms found superior overall classification for one test and the composite score using baseline comparison data. Conclusions: Despite being a time and resource intensive process, the baseline paradigm as a repeated-measures design may be more sensitive than the between-subjects design of the normative paradigm for detecting changes following concussion. Further work is required to determine the validity of normative assessment in sports-related concussion. Copyright © Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment 2015.},
keywords = {adult, Article, athlete, Australian, Concussion, controlled study, data processing, diagnostic test accuracy study, disease association, disease classification, human, major clinical study, Male, medical assessment, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive, neuropsychological test, Patient Assessment, psychopathy, receiver operating characteristic, reference value, reliability, reliable change, rugby, scoring system, sensitivity analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Montenigro, P H; Baugh, C M; Daneshvar, D H; Mez, J; Budson, A E; Au, R; Katz, D I; Cantu, R C; Stern, R A
In: Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 5-8, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling
@article{Montenigro2014,
title = {Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome},
author = {Montenigro, P H and Baugh, C M and Daneshvar, D H and Mez, J and Budson, A E and Au, R and Katz, D I and Cantu, R C and Stern, R A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908410645\&partnerID=40\&md5=bab59baeecd5adb22d0f84a4ce99bd5c},
doi = {10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Alzheimer's Research and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {5-8},
abstract = {The long-term consequences of repetitive head impacts have been described since the early 20th century. Terms such as punch drunk and dementia pugilistica were first used to describe the clinical syndromes experienced by boxers. A more generic designation, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been employed since the mid-1900s and has been used in recent years to describe a neurodegenerative disease found not just in boxers but in American football players, other contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others with histories of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. This article reviews the literature of the clinical manifestations of CTE from 202 published cases. The clinical features include impairments in mood (for example, depression and hopelessness), behavior (for example, explosivity and violence), cognition (for example, impaired memory, executive functioning, attention, and dementia), and, less commonly, motor functioning (for example, parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria). We present proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes (TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant, TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of 'probable CTE' and 'possible CTE'. These proposed criteria are expected to be modified and updated as new research findings become available. They are not meant to be used for a clinical diagnosis. Rather, they should be viewed as research criteria that can be employed in studies of the underlying causes, risk factors, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CTE and related disorders. © 2014 Montenigro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
keywords = {Anxiety, apathy, ataxia, ataxic gait, attention, attention disturbance, behavior disorder, blunted affect, Boxing, chronic brain disease, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy aggression, clinical feature, clonus, cognitive defect, contact sport, delusion, Dementia, depression, depth perception, differential diagnosis, disease classification, dysarthria, dysgraphia, euphoria, executive function, fatigue, football, hopelessness, human, ice hockey, impulsiveness, insomnia, intelligence, irritability, language disability, mania, medical literature, memory disorder, mental concentration, mental instability, mood disorder, muscle weakness, neurologic gait disorder, paranoia, Parkinsonism, personality disorder, physical violence, preventive medicine, psychosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria, Review, risk factor, shuffling gait, social disability, social isolation, spastic gait, spasticity, speech disorder, sport injury, suicidal ideation, traumatic brain injury, traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, tremor, unsteady gait, violence, wrestling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Jordan, B D
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae Journal Article
In: CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology, vol. 20, pp. 1588–1604, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury
@article{Jordan2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other long-term sequelae},
author = {Jordan, B D},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84927562326\&partnerID=40\&md5=da8cab7e63cee5fa58ae148fa7de9dec},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology},
volume = {20},
pages = {1588--1604},
abstract = {Purpose of Review: Growing public health concern exists over the incidence of chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) in athletes participating in contact sports. Chronic TBI represents a spectrum of disorders associated with long-term consequences of single or repetitive TBI and includes chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologists should be familiar with the different types of chronic TBI and their diagnostic criteria. Recent Findings: CTE is the most severe chronic TBI and represents the neurologic consequences of repetitive mild TBI. It is particularly noted among boxers and football players. CTE presents with behavioral, cognitive, and motor symptoms, and can only be definitively diagnosed postmortem. Chronic postconcussion syndrome is defined as postconcussion symptoms that last longer than 1 year and do not appear to resolve; it may develop after a single concussive event. Chronic neurocognitive impairment is an all-encompassing clinical term denoting long-term neurologic sequelae secondary to sports-related trauma and can present either within the postconcussion syndrome or years after a symptom-free interval. Summary: This article discusses the diagnostic evaluation of chronic TBI, including clinical history, neurologic examination, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and laboratory testing, as well as the distinctions between CTE, chronic postconcussion syndrome, and chronic neurocognitive impairment. Neurologic impairment among athletes exposed to repetitive brain injury appears to be a real phenomenon. Because CTE has no established treatment, prevention is of paramount importance for athletes participating in contact sports. © 2014, American Academy of Neurology.},
keywords = {Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy chronic disease, cognitive defect, diagnostic procedure, human, Incidence, injury severity, laboratory test, medical history, neuroimaging, neurologic examination, neurologist, neuropsychological test, Pathophysiology, postconcussion syndrome, Review, sport injury, symptomatology, traumatic brain injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Solomon, G S; Sills, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and the availability cascade Journal Article
In: The Physician and sportsmedicine, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 26–31, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 20th Century, Athletic Injuries, Bias (Epidemiology), brain, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy autopsy, HISTORY, human, Humans, pathology, public opinion, sport injury, statistical bias
@article{Solomon2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and the availability cascade},
author = {Solomon, G S and Sills, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84922393457\&partnerID=40\&md5=d0415bdf57d1e5162b2dec50aadd55fc},
doi = {10.3810/psm.2014.09.2072},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {The Physician and sportsmedicine},
volume = {42},
number = {3},
pages = {26--31},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in sports has been known for \> 85 years, and has experienced a resurgence of interest over the past decade, both in the media and in the scientific community. However, there appears to be a disconnection between the public's perception of CTE and the currently available scientific data. The cognitive bias known as the "availability cascade" has been suggested as a reason to explain this rift in knowledge. This review summarizes and updates the history of CTE in sports, discusses recent epidemiological and autopsy studies, summarizes the evidence base related to CTE in sports, and offers recommendations for future directions.},
keywords = {20th Century, Athletic Injuries, Bias (Epidemiology), brain, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy autopsy, HISTORY, human, Humans, pathology, public opinion, sport injury, statistical bias},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Levin, B; Bhardwaj, A
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal Journal Article
In: Neurocritical Care, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 334–344, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence
@article{Levin2014,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A critical appraisal},
author = {Levin, B and Bhardwaj, A},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896549537\&partnerID=40\&md5=138104db42f7ca99527a78bb9c821f59},
doi = {10.1007/s12028-013-9931-1},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Neurocritical Care},
volume = {20},
number = {2},
pages = {334--344},
abstract = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) formerly known as dementia pugilistica is a long-term neurodegenerative disorder associated with repeated subconcussive head injuries in high-contact sports. We reviewed the existing literature on CTE and examined epidemiological trends, risk factors, and its temporal progression, and proposed the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that may provide unique insights to clinicians with an in-depth understanding of the disease to aid in the diagnosis and prevention, and provide future perspectives for research via search of Medline and Cochrane databases as well as manual review of bibliographies from selected articles and monographs. The prevalence of CTE in recent years is on the rise and almost exclusively affects men, with pathologic signs characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral changes, and violent tendencies with some patients demonstrating Parkinsonian-like symptoms and signs. Many patients with CTE die following suicide, accident, or complications of drug or alcohol use. Postmortem pathologic analysis is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and A$beta$ plaques in 50 % of cases. Currently, there are no ante-mortem diagnostic criteria, but modern imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tension imaging hold promise for delineating the future diagnostic criteria. Further long-term longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate risk factors that will enhance understanding of the disease progression and its pathogenesis. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media.},
keywords = {accident, alcohol consumption, amnesia, amyloid plaque, animal, Animals, Athletic Injuries, autopsy, behavior change, Brain Injury, Chronic, Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Dementia, complication, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, disease course, Encephalopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, human, Humans, longitudinal study, Male, Neurodegenerative, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nonhuman, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Parkinsonism, pathogenesis, pathology, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, priority journal, Pugilistic, Review, risk factor, Risk Factors, sport injury, suicide, Systematic Review, traumatic brain injury, violence},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
SCAT3 Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 259, 2013, ISBN: 1473-0480.
BibTeX | Tags: Assessment/Testing article, ataxia, body equilibrium, brain concussion, cognitive defect, emergency treatment, human, injury scale, memory disorder, METHODOLOGY, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, questionnaire, sport injury, unconsciousness
@article{Anonymous2013b,
title = {SCAT3},
author = {Anonymous},
isbn = {1473-0480},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {47},
number = {5},
pages = {259},
keywords = {Assessment/Testing article, ataxia, body equilibrium, brain concussion, cognitive defect, emergency treatment, human, injury scale, memory disorder, METHODOLOGY, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, questionnaire, sport injury, unconsciousness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anonymous,
Pocket CRT Journal Article
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 267, 2013, ISBN: 1473-0480.
BibTeX | Tags: ambulatory care, Article, Assessment/Testing, brain concussion, human, injury scale, memory disorder, sport injury
@article{Anonymous2013a,
title = {Pocket CRT},
author = {Anonymous},
isbn = {1473-0480},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {47},
number = {5},
pages = {267},
keywords = {ambulatory care, Article, Assessment/Testing, brain concussion, human, injury scale, memory disorder, sport injury},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Duhaime, A C
Response Journal Article
In: Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 117, no. 6, pp. 1090–1091, 2012, ISBN: 0022-3085 1933-0693.
BibTeX | Tags: Accident prevention, Assessment & Testing, athlete, Biomechanics, brain concussion, Equipment, headache, Helmets, human, Neck pain, neurosurgery, Note, Post-Concussion, priority journal, sport injury, surgeon, symptom, Syndrome, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness
@article{Duhaime2012,
title = {Response},
author = {Duhaime, A C},
isbn = {0022-3085
1933-0693},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Neurosurgery},
volume = {117},
number = {6},
pages = {1090--1091},
keywords = {Accident prevention, Assessment \& Testing, athlete, Biomechanics, brain concussion, Equipment, headache, Helmets, human, Neck pain, neurosurgery, Note, Post-Concussion, priority journal, sport injury, surgeon, symptom, Syndrome, traumatic brain injury, unconsciousness},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Rabb, C H
Comments Journal Article
In: Neurosurgery, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 1027–1028, 2010, ISBN: 0148-396X.
BibTeX | Tags: brain concussion, functional magnetic resonance imaging, human, Imaging & EEG, mental task, neuroimaging, Note, priority journal, sport injury, working memory Overviews
@article{Rabb2010,
title = {Comments},
author = {Rabb, C H},
isbn = {0148-396X},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgery},
volume = {67},
number = {4},
pages = {1027--1028},
keywords = {brain concussion, functional magnetic resonance imaging, human, Imaging \& EEG, mental task, neuroimaging, Note, priority journal, sport injury, working memory Overviews},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}